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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of the American Chemical Society 74 (1952), S. 1000-1003 
    ISSN: 1520-5126
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Insulin release ; ionic fluxes ; membrane potential ; isolated islets ; B-cells ; sulphonylureas ; benzoic acid derivative
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary HB 699 is a benzoic acid derivative similar to the non-sulphonylurea moiety of glibenclamide. The mechanisms whereby it affects B-cell function have been studied in vitro with mouse islets. In the presence of 3 mmol/l glucose, HB 699 decreased 86Rb+ efflux and accelerated 45Ca2+ efflux from islet cells, depolarized the B-cell membrane and induced an electrical activity similar to that triggered by stimulatory concentrations of glucose, and increased insulin release. The changes in 45Ca2+ efflux and insulin release, but not the inhibition of 86Rb+ efflux, were abolished in the absence of Ca2+. In the presence of 10 mmol/l glucose, HB 699 increased 86Rb+ and 45Ca2+ efflux from the islets, caused a persistent depolarization of the B-cell membrane with continuous electrical activity, and markedly potentiated insulin release. All these changes were suppressed by omission of extracellular Ca2+. In the presence of 15 mmol/l glucose, diazoxide increased 86Rb+ efflux, hyperpolarized the B-cell membrane, suppressed electrical activity and inhibited insulin release. HB 699 reversed these effects of diazoxide. It is suggested that HB 699 decreases K+ permeability of the B-cell membrane, thereby causing a depolarization which leads to activation of voltage-dependent Ca channnels and Ca2+ influx, and eventually increases insulin release. A sulphonylurea group is thus not a prerequisite to trigger the sequence of events that is also thought to underlie the releasing effects of tolbutamide and glibenclamide.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 40 (1984), S. 1043-1052 
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Pancreatic B-cells ; ions ; insulin release ; membrane potential
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Conclusions This brief review has tried to shed some light on the mechanisms and significance of the changes in membrane potential and in ionic fluxes occurring in B-cells upon glucose stimulation. There is now strong evidence that, under physiological conditions at least, these electrical events-and the underlying modifications of ionic permeabilities and fluxes — play a causal role in the stimulation of insulin release. It also seems clear that certain accompanying ionic fluxes have no direct stimulatory role, but may be important in maintaining cellular homeostasis. Recent experimental evidence has also shown that the electrical activity in B-cells is not an all-or-none stereotypic response. Not only can its intensity be adjusted to the magnitude of the stimulus, but its characteristics can also be modulated by potentiators Our knowledge of the stimulus-secretion coupling has markedly progressed over the past few years, but elucidation of several important steps remains a challenging goal. There is no doubt that parallel measurements of insulin release, of ionic fluxes and of membrane potential in B-cells will still contribute to that understanding.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Biguanide ; blood glucose level ; rat diaphragm ; glucose uptake ; glucose oxidation ; lactate production
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé 1. Deux heures après une administration unique de 25 mg de buformine par animal à des rats mâles normaux, le taux du glucose sanguin chez les animaux traités était significativement plus réduit par comparaison aux témoins (78.9±1.4 mg/100 ml à 67.1±5.2 mg/ 100 ml,p〈0.05). Les diaphragmes incubés de ces animaux ne montraient aucune différence en ce qui concerne la captation de glucose, la production de lactate et l'oxydation de glucose par comparaison aux témoins. — 2. Après un traitement de 7 jours avec des doses identiques de buformine, le taux du glucose sanguin des rats était encore davantage réduit (80.5±3.7 mg/100 ml à 51.6±5.7 mg/ 100 ml,p〈0.01) et les diaphragmes incubés montraient une captation de glucose et une production de lactate augmentées de façon significative, ainsi qu'une oxydation de glucose réduite. — 3. En tenant compte de ces résultats et avec l'appui de la littérature, on suppose que le médicament s'accumule dans les muscles du squelette des rats normaux. — 4. Aucun effet potentialisateur de l'insuline n'a été noté. — 5. En ce qui concerne les résultats déjà publiés par notre laboratoire, nous suggérons que les biguanides augmentent l'activité du cycle de Cori chez le rat.
    Abstract: Zusammenfassung 1. Zwei Stunden nach einer einmaligen oralen Gabe von 25 mg Buformin an normale männliche Ratten war der Blutglucosespiegel der behandelten Tiere gegenüber dem der Kontrolltiere deutlich gesenkt (78,9±1,4 mg/100 ml -67,1±5,2 mg/100 ml,p〈0,05). Die isolierten und inkubierten Zwerchfelle der behandelten Tiere zeigten keine Änderung der Glucoseaufnahme, Glucoseoxydation und Laktatbildung im Vergleich zu den Kontrollen. — 2. Ging der Untersuchung eine 7-tägige Behandlung der Tiere mit identischen Buformindosen voraus, so war der blutglucosesenkende Effekt größer als nach einmaliger Vorbehandlung (80,5±3,7 mg/100 ml — 51,6±5,7 mg/100 ml,p〈 0,01) und die Glucoseaufnahme und Laktatbildung der isolierten und inkubierten Zwerchfelle der behandelten Tiere waren wesentlich größer, die Glucoseoxydation wesentlich geringer im Vergleich zu den Kontrollen. — 3. Die Ergebnisse legen die Annahme nahe, daß Buformin im Skeletmuskel normaler Ratten akkumuliert. — 4. Ein insulinpotenzierender Effekt von Buformin konnte nicht beobachtet werden. — 5. Unter Berücksichtigung kürzlich von uns mitgeteilter Befunde aus in vivo- Untersuchungen an normalen Ratten, die ergaben, daß nach mehrtägiger oraler Vorbehandlung mit 25 mg Buformin der Einbau von Radioglucose in das Zwerchfellglykogen und der Glykogengehalt selbst erhöht waren, erscheint es möglich, daß Biguanide im Skeletmuskel normaler Ratten die Aktivität des Cori Cyclus stimulieren.
    Notes: Summary 1. 2 h after a single oral dose of 25 mg of buformin per normal rat, the blood glucose level was significantly lower when compared to the control group (78,9±1.4 mg/100 ml to 67.1±5.2 mg/100 ml,p〈0.05). The incubated diaphragms of these animals showed no differences with regard to glucose uptake, lactate production and glucose oxidation in comparison to the control. — 2. When treated for 7 days with identical dosages of buformin the blood glucose level of the treated rats was lowered to a greater extent (80.5±3.7 mg/100 ml to 51.6±5.7 mg/100 ml,p〈 0.01) and the incubated diaphragms showed a significantly increased glucose uptake, lactate production and decreased glucose oxidation. — 3. As a result of these findings and supported by reports in literature it is suggested that the drug may accumulate in the skeletal muscle of normal rats. — 4. No insulin potentiating effect could be detected. — 5. With regard to previous reported results from our laboratory we suggest that biguanides may increase Cori cycle activity in the rat.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 49 (1971), S. 1267-1271 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: non diabetic hyperinsulinism ; Kimmelstiel-Wilson's glomerulosclerosis ; Diabetes mellitus ; Glomerulosklerose ; Kimmelstiel-Wilson ; Glomerulonephritis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Es wird über den Krankheitsverlauf einer chronischen Glomerulonephritis mit nephrotischer Verlaufsform und schwerer Hypertonie berichtet, die histologisch die typischen Veränderungen einer intercapillären Glomerulosklerose Kimmelstiel-Wilson aufzeigte. Eine Glucosetoleranzstörung war bei dem Patienten mit Sicherheit ausgeschlossen. Es bestanden jedoch deutlich erhöhte Insulin-Konzentrationen. Dabei wird festgestellt, daß die für die Glomerulosklerose Kimmelstiel-Wilson als charakteristisch angesehenen Veränderungen auch ohne manifeste diabetische Stoffwechselstörung auftreten können. Es muß abgeklärt werden, ob dabei dem Insulin eine besondere Rolle zukommt oder ob es sich um unspezifische histologische Veränderungen handelt.
    Notes: Summary In a patient suffering of chronic glomerulonephritis with malignant hypertension, necropsy revealed histological changes considered to be typical for Kimmelstiel-Wilson's glomerulosclerosis. A disturbance of carbohydrate metabolism had been clearly excluded. However, the patient showed uremic hyperinsulinism. The findings suggest that histological changes regarded as typical for Kimmelstiel-Wilson's glomerulosclerosis may as well be found without any disturbances of carbohydrate metabolism. Experimental and clinical data suggest that insulin may be of special importance in the development of hyaline masses as seen in “diabetic glomerulosclerosis”.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 48 (1970), S. 1320-1322 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Renal loss of thyroid hormone in patients with nephrotic syndrome has been reported frequently in the literature. Most authors believe that the renal loss of thyroxin concomitant with proteinuria may not be of clinical significance. Our observations show, however, that constant renal loss of thyroxin associated with significant proteinuria may lead to severe secondary thyroid gland malfunction.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Ein renaler Verlust von Schilddrüsenhormon bei Patienten mit nephrotischem Syndrom wird in der Literatur schon lange beschrieben. und diskutiert. Allgemein herrscht die Meinung vor, daß dem mit einer Proteinurie verknüpften Thyroxinverlust keine klinische Bedeutung zukommt. Aus der nachstehend geschilderten klinischen Beobachtung geht jedoch hervor, daß eine signifikante Proteinurie durchaus über einen konstanten renalen Verlust von Schilddrüsenhormon zu schweren sekundären Schilddrüsenfunktionsstörungen führen kann.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Industrial & engineering chemistry 34 (1942), S. 521-526 
    ISSN: 1520-5045
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Industrial & engineering chemistry 41 (1949), S. 2782-2787 
    ISSN: 1520-5045
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 262 (1976), S. 502-504 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The experiments were done on microdissected islets of the mouse pancreas as described previously2. The islets were continuously perifused in a small Plexiglas chamber (volume 1 ml) with a KrebsHenseleit solution gassed with 95% O2 and 5% CO2. The temperature was kept constant at 37 C. The basal ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    International journal of food science & technology 14 (1979), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2621
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A method is proposed for recovering protein-rich flour suitable for human consumption from palm kernels. The method combines grinding, extraction, and screening. A mathematical model of the process, which is based on surface cleaning, is presented.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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