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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Numerical Simulation of Turbulent Flows (1984)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics 16 (1984), S. 99-137 
    Details
    ISSN: 0066-4189
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.fl.16.010184.000531
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A dynamic subgrid-scale model for compressible turbulence and scalar transport (1991)
    New York, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Fluids 3 (1991), S. 2746-2757 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7666
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The dynamic subgrid-scale (SGS) model of Germano et al. [Phys. Fluids A 3, 1760 (1991)] is generalized for the large eddy simulation (LES) of compressible flows and transport of a scalar. The model was applied to the LES of decaying isotropic turbulence, and the results are in excellent agreement with experimental data and direct numerical simulations. The expression for the SGS turbulent Prandtl number was evaluated using direct numerical simulation (DNS) data in isotropic turbulence, homogeneous shear flow, and turbulent channel flow. The qualitative behavior of the model for turbulent Prandtl number and its dependence on molecular Prandtl number, direction of scalar gradient, and distance from the wall are in accordance with the total turbulent Prandtl number from the DNS data.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.858164
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Direct numerical simulation of a three-dimensional turbulent boundary layer (1990)
    New York, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Fluids 2 (1990), S. 1846-1853 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7666
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The effects of transverse strain on an initially two-dimensional turbulent boundary layer are studied in a direct numerical simulation of a planar channel flow with impulsively started transverse pressure gradient. Consistent with experiments in three-dimensional boundary layers, the simulation shows a decrease in the Reynolds shear stress with increasing transverse strain. Also, the directions of the Reynolds shear stress vector and the mean velocity gradient vector were found to differ. In addition, the simulation shows a drop in the turbulent kinetic energy. Terms in the Reynolds stress transport equations were computed. The balances indicate that the decrease in turbulent kinetic energy is a result of a decrease in turbulence production, along with an increase in turbulent dissipation. Intuitive reasoning and current turbulence models would predict an increase in kinetic energy along with increases in production and dissipation rates as a result of increased mean-flow strain rate. Later in the evolution of the flow, both turbulence production and dissipation increase.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.857658
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Karhunen–Loéve expansion of Burgers' model of turbulence (1988)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Fluids 31 (1988), S. 2573-2582 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7666
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Characteristics of the Karhunen–Loéve expansion of a strongly inhomogeneous random process possessing small viscous length scales and a large outer scale have been investigated in relation to the application of the expansion to turbulent flow fields. Monte Carlo simulations of a randomly forced Burgers' equation with zero velocity boundary conditions generate the random process numerically and the Karhunen–Loéve (KL) eigenfunctions and the eigenvalue spectra are computed for different Reynolds numbers. The eigenfunctions possess thin viscous boundary layers at the walls and are independent of Reynolds number in the core, where the random process is quasihomogeneous. The eigenfunctions and eigenvalues of the outer, large scale motions obey a principle of Reynolds number similarity. Eigenvalue spectra contain much of the energy in the first few modes, but they are as broad as ordinary trigonometric power spectra. The rate at which the expansion converges to within 90% of the total energy decreases with increasing Reynolds numbers and the expansion of the mean plus the fluctuation converges more rapidly than the expansion of the fluctuation alone.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.866535
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ejection mechanisms in the sublayer of a turbulent channel (1988)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Fluids 31 (1988), S. 1311-1313 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7666
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The structure of the vorticity field in the viscous wall layer of a turbulent channel is studied by examining the results of a fully resolved direct numerical simulation. It is shown that this region is dominated by intense three-dimensional shear layers in which the dominant vorticity component is spanwise. The advection and reproduction processes of these structures are examined and shown to be consistent with the classical generation mechanism for two-dimensional Tollmien–Schlichting waves. This process is fundamentally different from the usually accepted mechanism involving hairpin vortices.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.866721
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Large eddy simulation wall-modeling based on suboptimal control theory and linear stochastic estimation (2001)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Fluids 13 (2001), S. 2968-2984 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7666
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The cost of large eddy simulation (LES) in the near-wall region of attached turbulent boundary layers scales as the square of the friction Reynolds number, thus limiting LES to moderate Reynolds numbers. Wall stress boundary conditions are frequently used to alleviate this resolution requirement, but commonly used models are shown to perform poorly at high Reynolds numbers even in turbulent channel flow. Techniques from optimal control theory are used to find wall stresses that yield much better results in turbulent channel flow at high Reynolds numbers than existing models even on extremely coarse grids. In this approach, a suboptimal control strategy is used in which the objective is to force the outer LES towards a desired solution by using the wall stress boundary conditions as control. The suboptimal wall stresses are not necessarily physical, rather they are whatever is necessary to overcome the numerical and modeling errors present in the near-wall region to yield the correct mean velocity profile. Furthermore, the suboptimal control strategy generates reference data for comparing and deriving new wall models. Using linear stochastic estimation it is shown that the dynamically relevant part of the suboptimal wall stresses can be predicted from the local velocity field. A wall model derived from linear stochastic estimation yields good mean flow predictions in LES of turbulent channel flow on a 323 uniform grid for friction velocity Reynolds numbers from 640 to 20 000. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1389286
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Observed mechanisms for turbulence attenuation and enhancement in opposition-controlled wall-bounded flows (1998)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Fluids 10 (1998), S. 2421-2423 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7666
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Opposition control is a simple method used to attenuate near-wall turbulence and reduce drag in wall-bounded turbulent flows [H. Choi, P. Moin, and J. Kim, J. Fluid Mech. 262, 75 (1994)]. This method employs blowing and suction at the wall in opposition to the wall-normal fluid velocity a small distance from the wall. Results from direct numerical simulations of turbulent channel flow indicate that, when the control at the wall is based on detection of the wall-normal velocity in a plane sufficiently close to the wall, the opposition control strategy establishes a "virtual wall," i.e., a plane that has approximately no through flow, halfway between the detection plane and the wall. As a consequence, drag is reduced about 25%. When the detection plane is at a greater distance from the wall, a virtual wall is not established, and the blowing and suction increase the drag significantly. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.869759
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An improvement of fractional step methods for the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Journal of Computational Physics 92 (1991), S. 369-379 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9991
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Computer Science , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0021-9991(91)90215-7
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Direct simulations of turbulent flow using finite-difference schemes
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Journal of Computational Physics 91 (1990), S. 251 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9991
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Computer Science , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0021-9991(90)90024-U
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of the Computational Time Step on Numerical Solutions of Turbulent Flow
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Journal of Computational Physics 113 (1994), S. 1-4 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9991
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Computer Science , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jcph.1994.1112
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