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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Tissue culture ; Human peripheral neurons ; Myelin-associated glycoprotein ; Immunocytochemistry ; Morphology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Dorsal root ganglion cells, obtained from 8–10-week human foetuses, were isolated by enzymatic procedure and grown on poly-l-lysine-coated coverslips. Most of the cultured cells showed the ultrastructural and immunological features of normal peripheral neurons. By immunocytochemistry neurons reacted with IgM antibodies with specificity for myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG) from patients affected with IgM k gammopathy and peripheral neuropathy. The antigen was located on the plasmalemma of both perikarion and axon. We suggest that anti-MAG antibodies do not recognize neuronal MAG, but rather an epitope shared with different glycoproteins.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 540 (1988), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 540 (1988), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Congenital oculofacial diplegia ; Möbius syndrome ; Pyramidal tract hypoplasia ; Embryonic maldevelopment
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Es werden die klinisch-pathologischen Befunde angeführt, die bei einem jungen Patienten mit Diplegia-oculo-facialis-congenita-Parese der Pharynx- und Larynxmuskulatur, bei gleichzeitiger Tetraparese, beobachtet wurden. Zu den erwähnten Symptomen und Syndromen kommt ein komplexes pathologisches Bild von Mißbildungen hinzu wie: das Fehlen der Bulbi olfactorii, Anomalien des Hippocampus, Hypoplysis des Corpus callosum und des Cerebellum und eine hochgradige Hypoplasie der efferenten Cortexbahnen. Die Hypoplasie der efferenten Cortexbahnen und die dadurch bedingte Denervation der Hirnnervenkerne wird als die Ursache des Möbius-ähnlichen Syndroms angesehen.
    Notes: Summary The clinicopathological findings are reported in a child with congenital oculofacial diplegia, paresis of pharyngeal and laryngeal muscles, and concomitant tetraparesis. The constellation of signs and symptoms correlates with a complex picture of maldevelopment, including absence of olfactory bulbs, hippocampal abnormalities, hypoplasia of the corpus callosum and of the cerebellum, and severe hypoplysia of the descending pathways. We stress the role played by the hypoplasia of the descending fibres, with consequent denervation of the cranial nerve nuclei, in producing the Möbius-like picture.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1590-3478
    Keywords: Toxoplasma gondii ; congenital toxoplasmosis ; encephalitis ; electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Sommario Si descrive un caso di toxoplasmosi congenita. La bambina era deceduta all'età di 32 giorni dopo un decorso clinico caratterizzato da convulsioni, coma e disturbi respiratori. L'esame neuropatologico dimostrò numerose aree di rammollimento cerebrale e lo studio istologico evidenziò zone estese di necrosi infiammatorie ed aree circoscritte di infiammazione granulomatosa. Calcificazioni erano presenti nella corteccia cerebrale e nei gangli della base. Si osservarono sia cisti, contenenti un numero variabile di microorganismi, che toxoplasmi liberi nelle zone interessate dal processo patologico. L'esame al Microscopio Elettronico di materiale autoptico mostrò toxoplasmi in vari stadi di sviluppo. Il microorganismo è avvolto da una doppia membrana, la pellicola. La sua replicazione ha luogo all'interno di vacuoli nella cellula ospite, dopodiché i trofozoiti possono essere rilasciati oppure, qualora più replicazioni avvengano all'interno della stessa cellula, si ha la formazione di una cisti. La forma invasiva del toxoplasma, il tachizoita, si presenta fusiforme con la parte anteriore strutturalmente modificata per favorire la penetrazione nella cellula ospite. Si discutono le modalità di trasmissione e le sindromi cliniche conseguenti all'infezione congenita, sottolineando in particolare come anche lo studio su materiale autoptico possa contribuire alla conoscenza del ciclo vitale del parassita.
    Notes: Abstract A case of congenital toxoplasmosis is reported in which the patient died at 32 days following seizures, coma and respiratory disturbances. Neuropathological examination showed numerous foci of softening throughout the brain. Histological examination disclosed widespread areas of inflammatory necrosis. Circumscribed areas of granulomatous inflammation were also found. Cysts containing a variable number of microorganisms and toxoplasmas free in the damaged areas were frequently observed. Small calcifications were scattered in the cerebral cortex and basal ganglia. Electron microscopy of postmortem brain specimens demonstrated toxoplasmas at various stages of development. The microorganism is enveloped by a two-layered membrane, the pellicle. Replication occurs in a vacuole inside the host cell. Following replication the newly formed parasites, the trophozoites, are released. Several replications without release may also occur with consequent cyst formation. The motile form of the toxoplasma, the tachyzoite, is fusiform with truncated cone shape of the anterior ending which is the presenting surface modified for host cell penetration. The modality of transplacental transmission and the clinical syndromes associated with toxoplasma infection are discussed. EM even of post mortem material contributes to knowledge of the structure of the parasite and of its life cycles.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1590-3478
    Keywords: Alexander's disease ; Leucodystrophy ; EEG-ERG-VEP ; Evolution ; Infancy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Sommario Vengono riportati gli esami neurofisiologici, ripetuti nell'arco di sei anni, in due bambini con leucodistrofia di Alexander confermata istologicamente. Le alterazioni EEG erano già evidenziabili ad uno stadio precoce della malattia, con susseguente progressivo deterioramento in entrambi i casi. Gli studi ERG-VEP, eseguiti soltanto nel bambino più piccolo, furono sempre nei limiti della norma. I segni EEG durante il corso della malattia sono diversi da quelli osservati nella maggioranza delle note malattie neurometaboliche geneticamente determinate, così com nel gruppo delle cosiddette leucodistrofie nello stesso gruppo di età. Tuttavia i segni EEG-ERG-VEP non sono sufficentemente caratteristici da essere diagnostici.
    Notes: Abstract Repeated neurophysiological investigations over a six year period are reported in two children with histologically proven Alexander's leucodystrophy. The EEG alterations were already detectable at an early stage of the disease with subsequent progressive deterioration in both cases. There was no definite abnormality in the ERG-VEP studies which were only carried out in the younger patient. The EEG features in the course of the illness are different from those seen in most of the identified genetically determined neurometabolic diseases as well as in the group of so-called leucodystrophies of similar age groups. However, the EEG-ERG-VEP features are not sufficiently characteristic to be diagnostic.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Neurological sciences 1 (1979), S. 193-196 
    ISSN: 1590-3478
    Keywords: Water intoxication ; Fluphenazine ; Antidiuretic hormone
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Sommario Viene descritto il caso di una donna alcolista la quale presenta un episodio di coma associato ad intossicazione d'acqua. Tra i molteplici fattori che intervengono nello sviluppo di questa sindrome viene discusso il ruolo di una inappropriata secrezione di ormone antidiuretico.
    Notes: Abstract The present report describes a woman with a past history of alcoholism who coma associated with water intoxication (W.I.). Inappropriate secretion of ADH is discussed as one of multiple factors in the development of W.I.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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