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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The formation of the chick ileal muscle layers as revealed by α-smooth muscle actin immunohistochemistry (2000)
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 201 (2000), S. 121-129 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Key words α-Smooth muscle actin ; Chronological changes ; Smooth musculature ; Chick ; Ileum ; Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  The genesis of intestinal smooth muscle layers was immunohistochemically investigated by use of an antibody to α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) in the developing chick ileum. Myoblast cells positive for α-SMA were already found in the presumptive circular muscle layer on E 8.5. On E 11.5 radially oriented muscle fibers were protruded from the outermost layer of the developing circular musculature and then formed a tuft-like aggregates. These radial muscle bundles were bent into an L-shape. The long distal extension of muscle bundles run parallel to the long axis of the ileal loop and developed into the longitudinal muscle layer. The obliquely oriented muscle fibers, locating at the intermuscular space of the muscularis propria, probably are to be considered a remnant of the short extension of radial muscle bundles. The muscularis mucosae was formed by the processes equivalent to the genesis of longitudinal muscle layer. On E 14.5 centripetally oriented muscle fibers emerged from the innermost layer of circular musculature. The long distal extension of centripetal fibers lay along the inner surface of developing circular musculature. On E 19.5 the longitudinal muscle layer of the muscularis mucosae was newly formed by separating from the circular musculature. The villous myoblast cells initially developed from the innermost layer of the muscularis mucosae on E 18.5, and were widely distributed in the lamina propria mucosae on E 20.5. Temporal and chronological pattern in expression of α-SMA was observed during the development of the chick intestinal smooth muscle. By E 14.5 the entire layer of the muscularis propria was intensely immunostained for α-SMA, but from E 15.5 onward the staining intensity gradually began to decrease from the outer half of the circular musculature. Finally, the immunoreactivity was localized in the inner layer of circular muscle and the longitudinal muscle layer. A possible functional role of this inner layer of circular muscle is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/PL00008232
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An immunohistochemical study of serotoninergic nerves in the colon and rectum of children with Hirschsprung's disease (1985)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 68 (1985), S. 306-310 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Serotonin ; Immunohistochemistry ; Hirschsprung's disease
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Serotonin (5-HT)-like immunoreactive nerve fibers were investigated in gut tissue obtained from seven Japanese children with Hirschsprung's disease. In the control untreated tissues, 5-HT-like immunoreactive fibers were observed neither in the normoganglionic nor in the aganglionic regions. After pargyline treatment, 5-HT-positive neuropils were consistently detected in association with the myenteric plexus in the normoganglionic segment, while in the aganglionic segment immunoreactive fibers could not be demonstrated through the entire layer of the bowel tissue. The occurence of 5-HT-like immunoreactive neuropils by pargyline treatment strongly suggests that the infant bowel is innervated with serotoninergic elements. After treatment with 5-hydroxy-l-tryptophan (5-HTP), the immunoreactive neuropils were localized in the myenteric and submucous plexuses of the normoganglionic segment. On the other hand, another type of 5-HT-positive fibers was characteristically demonstrated in aganglionic segments following the drug treatment; moderate numbers of 5-HT-like immunoreactive fibers appeared in the intermuscular zone and within the circular and longitudinal muscle layers. Several 5-HT-positive fibers were present in the hypertrophic nerve bundles seen in a diseased bowel. A possible origin of this type of 5-HT-positive nerve fibers was discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00690833
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An immunohistochemical study of glial fibrillary acidic (GFA) protein and S-100 protein in the colon affected by Hirschsprung's disease (1988)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 76 (1988), S. 159-165 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Glial fibrillary acidic (GFA) protein ; S-100 protein ; Immunohistochemistry ; Hirschsprung's disease
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The supportive cells of the enteric nervous system were examined in gut tissues from 15 patients with Hirschsprung's disease by means of immunohistochemistry, utilizing antisera to glial fibrillary acidic (GFA) protein and S-100 protein. In the normoganglionic segment, GFA protein immunoreactivity was predominantly found in association with the myenteric plexus and to a lesser extent in the submucous plexus. On the other hand, the extrinsic, hypertrophic nerve fasciculi were selectively immunostained with GFA protein antiserum throughout the entire length of the aganglionic intestinal walls from all children studied. The large fasciculi were numerous in the distal aganglionic segment and commonly appeared in the intermuscular zone and submucosal connective tissue. Both small-and mediumsized nerve fasciculi with GFA protein immunoreactivity were also encountered within the circular muscle layer of the proximal aganglionic segment. A subpopulation of supportive cells within the hypertrophic nerve fasciculi showed immunoreactivity for GFA protein, while all supportive elements of these fasciculi were stained for S-100 protein. The intrinsic nerve fibers within the circular muscle layer of normoganglionic segments were stained for S-100 protein, but not for GFA protein. The present study supports our previous findings that two types of supportive cells can be differentiated by immunohistochemistry in the enteric nervous system, utilizing antisera to GFA protein and S-100 protein. It is also concluded that the demonstration of GFA protein by immunohistochemical methods favors the diagnosis of aganglionic colons with Hirschsprung's disease, since GFA protein immunoreactivity is confined to the extrinsic, hypertrophic nerve fasciculi characteristic of aganglionic bowels.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00688099
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An immunohistochemical study of somatostatin-containing nerves in the aganglionic colon of human and rat (1989)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 78 (1989), S. 372-379 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Somatostatin ; Immunohistochemistry ; Aganglionosis ; Man ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The distribution of somatostatin-like immunoreactive (SOM-LI) nerves was elucidated immunohistochemically in the gut tissues from patients with Hirschsprung's disease and congenital aganglionosis rats. In the normoganglionic human colon, SOM-LI nerve cell bodies were found to a greater extent in the submucous plexus and to a lesser extent in the myenteric plexus. However, they were rarely observed in both the plexuses of the oligoganglionic segment. SOM-LI nerve fibres were widely distributed in the aganglionic bowel. The circular muscle layer of the distal aganglionic segment was densely innervated by SOM-LI nerve fibres which are probably derived from the extrinsic, hypertrophic nerve bundles. A decreased number of the intramuscular nerves fibres were seen in the proximal aganglionic segment. In the colon and rectum from adult and 21-day-old rats, SOM-LI cell bodies were numerous in both plexuses. On the other hand, enteric neurons were completely lacking from the colon and rectum of congenital aganglionosis rats of 21 days old. No neuronal elements staining for SOM were disclosed in these aganglionic segments of mutant rats. A possible origin and pathophysiological role of the extrinsic nerve fibres containing SOM in the diseased bowel are discussed. It is concluded that SOM-LI nerves in the human distal colon comprise both intrinsic and extrinsic elements, while SOM nerves in the rat colon and rectum are of only intrinsic origin.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00688173
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Distribution of neuropeptide Y-like immunoreactivity in the normoganglionic and aganglionic segments of human colon (1990)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 80 (1990), S. 469-474 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Neuropeptide Y ; Immunohistochemistry ; Hirschsprung's disease ; Aganglionosis ; Man
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The localisation and distribution of neuropeptide Y (NPY)-like immunoreactivity were studied by use of immunohistochemical methods in gut tissues from 19 patients with Hirschsprung's disease, including 4 cases of long segment aganglionosis. In the normoganglionic segment, immunoreactive cell bodies and nonvaricose processes were seen within both myenteric and submucous plexuses. A scarce supply of varicose fibres was found in the lamina propria mucosae, muscularis mucosae and longitudinal muscle layer. NPY fibres were more frequently encountered in the circular muscle layer, although with a weakly immunostaining intensity. In addition, blood vessels in the submucosal connective tissue were surrounded by a typical plexus of varicose, NPY-positive fibres. Immunoreactive endocrine cells could be detected in the colonic epithelium. In the aganglionic segment, numerous nerve fasciculi comprising a small to moderate number of NPY fibres with varicosities were observed throughout the entire layer of the colonic wall. A few varicose, NPY-positive fibres were also contained in the relatively large, hypertrophic nerve fasciculi located in the intermuscular zone and submucosal connective tissue. NPY-immunoreactive fasciculi were more densely distributed in the distal aganglionic segment than in the proximal aganglionic one. On the other hand, the distribution of NPY-positive fibres in long segment aganglionosis was quite different from that in short segment type; in cases of long segment type, no immunoreactive nerve fibres were detected within the circular muscle layer of the proximal aganglionic segment near the oligoganglionic segment and only a few fibres were observed within the hypertrophic nerve bundle of the intermuscular zone. The present results suggest that NPY-like immunoreactive nerves in the human colon have a dual origin of intrinsic and extrinsic elements. The origin and nature of extrinsic NPY nerve fibres in the human colon are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00294605
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis of RNA in Isolated Cells from Xenopus laevis Embryos (1967)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 213 (1967), S. 1027-1028 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Embryos of Xenopus laevis were obtained1 and kept at 18 0-20 C in the presence of penicillin and streptomycin. Glasses and media used were all sterilized and care was taken to avoid bacterial contamination. Jelly was re-moved by treatment with 2-5 per cent thioglycollate; dissociation and culture ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/2131027a0
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Histochemically demonstrable ATPase activity in the taste buds of the rat
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Experimental Cell Research 46 (1967), S. 607-608 
    Details
    ISSN: 0014-4827
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0014-4827(67)90388-6
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cytoarchitecture of monoamine-containing cells in the frog's gustatory epithelium (1977)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 33 (1977), S. 1223-1225 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary With the availability of 5,6-dihydroxytryptamine, the overall morphology and the characteristics distribution of monoamine-containing cells in the frog's gustatory epithelium came to be clearly elucidated by fluorescence histochemistry.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01922342
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An immunohistochemical study of serotonin-containing nerves in the colon of rats (1987)
    Springer
    Histochemistry and cell biology 86 (1987), S. 229-232 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-119X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The localization of the serotonin-like immunoreactive nerves of the rat colon was investigated by means of immunohistochemistry, utilizing an antibody against serotonin. In non-treated colons, serotonin-positive neuropils were consistently detected around the myenteric plexus. In pargyline-treated colons, serotonin-like fibres were demonstrated in association with either the small intramural blood vessels of the submucosa or the extramural nerve bundles. Treatment with 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) permitted the visualization of additional serotonin-immunoreactive fibres around the large extramural blood vessels. Immunoreactive nerve cell bodies were demonstrated in the myenteric plexus of colons treated with 5-HTP or colchicine. From these observations, it is suggested that the serotoninergic nerves of the rat colon comprise both intrinsic and extrinsic elements.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00490252
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The occurrence of the cell type containing a specific monoamine in the taste bud of the rabbit's foliate papilla (1975)
    Springer
    Histochemistry and cell biology 43 (1975), S. 237-240 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-119X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The fluorescence histochemical examination on biogenic amines of the rabbit's foliate papilla revealed that a specific monoamine exhibiting an yellow fluorescence was present in a certain cell type of taste buds. The fluorescence had the emission maximum at 520 mμ and faded rapidly under the influence of the UV-irradiation. The green fluorescence of adrenergic nerve had the emission maximum at 480 mμ and was fairly stable upon the UV-irradiation. The yellow fluorescence disappeared completely following reserpine treatment, while it was markedly enhanced by nialamide treatment. From the observations, it is suggested that certain taste bud cells of the foliate papilla contain a biogenic monoamine, probably 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00499704
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