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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The formation of the chick ileal muscle layers as revealed by α-smooth muscle actin immunohistochemistry (2000)
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 201 (2000), S. 121-129 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Key words α-Smooth muscle actin ; Chronological changes ; Smooth musculature ; Chick ; Ileum ; Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  The genesis of intestinal smooth muscle layers was immunohistochemically investigated by use of an antibody to α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) in the developing chick ileum. Myoblast cells positive for α-SMA were already found in the presumptive circular muscle layer on E 8.5. On E 11.5 radially oriented muscle fibers were protruded from the outermost layer of the developing circular musculature and then formed a tuft-like aggregates. These radial muscle bundles were bent into an L-shape. The long distal extension of muscle bundles run parallel to the long axis of the ileal loop and developed into the longitudinal muscle layer. The obliquely oriented muscle fibers, locating at the intermuscular space of the muscularis propria, probably are to be considered a remnant of the short extension of radial muscle bundles. The muscularis mucosae was formed by the processes equivalent to the genesis of longitudinal muscle layer. On E 14.5 centripetally oriented muscle fibers emerged from the innermost layer of circular musculature. The long distal extension of centripetal fibers lay along the inner surface of developing circular musculature. On E 19.5 the longitudinal muscle layer of the muscularis mucosae was newly formed by separating from the circular musculature. The villous myoblast cells initially developed from the innermost layer of the muscularis mucosae on E 18.5, and were widely distributed in the lamina propria mucosae on E 20.5. Temporal and chronological pattern in expression of α-SMA was observed during the development of the chick intestinal smooth muscle. By E 14.5 the entire layer of the muscularis propria was intensely immunostained for α-SMA, but from E 15.5 onward the staining intensity gradually began to decrease from the outer half of the circular musculature. Finally, the immunoreactivity was localized in the inner layer of circular muscle and the longitudinal muscle layer. A possible functional role of this inner layer of circular muscle is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/PL00008232
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Distribution of neuropeptide Y-like immunoreactivity in the normoganglionic and aganglionic segments of human colon (1990)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 80 (1990), S. 469-474 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Neuropeptide Y ; Immunohistochemistry ; Hirschsprung's disease ; Aganglionosis ; Man
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The localisation and distribution of neuropeptide Y (NPY)-like immunoreactivity were studied by use of immunohistochemical methods in gut tissues from 19 patients with Hirschsprung's disease, including 4 cases of long segment aganglionosis. In the normoganglionic segment, immunoreactive cell bodies and nonvaricose processes were seen within both myenteric and submucous plexuses. A scarce supply of varicose fibres was found in the lamina propria mucosae, muscularis mucosae and longitudinal muscle layer. NPY fibres were more frequently encountered in the circular muscle layer, although with a weakly immunostaining intensity. In addition, blood vessels in the submucosal connective tissue were surrounded by a typical plexus of varicose, NPY-positive fibres. Immunoreactive endocrine cells could be detected in the colonic epithelium. In the aganglionic segment, numerous nerve fasciculi comprising a small to moderate number of NPY fibres with varicosities were observed throughout the entire layer of the colonic wall. A few varicose, NPY-positive fibres were also contained in the relatively large, hypertrophic nerve fasciculi located in the intermuscular zone and submucosal connective tissue. NPY-immunoreactive fasciculi were more densely distributed in the distal aganglionic segment than in the proximal aganglionic one. On the other hand, the distribution of NPY-positive fibres in long segment aganglionosis was quite different from that in short segment type; in cases of long segment type, no immunoreactive nerve fibres were detected within the circular muscle layer of the proximal aganglionic segment near the oligoganglionic segment and only a few fibres were observed within the hypertrophic nerve bundle of the intermuscular zone. The present results suggest that NPY-like immunoreactive nerves in the human colon have a dual origin of intrinsic and extrinsic elements. The origin and nature of extrinsic NPY nerve fibres in the human colon are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00294605
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis in an infant with obstructive jaundice (1990)
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 149 (1990), S. 765-767 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Xanthogranuloma ; Cholecystitis ; Jaundice ; Infants
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We describe a female infant with obstructive jaundice due to inflammatory stenosis of the choledochus. It was surrounded and narrowed by a xanthogranulomatous lesion, extending from xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis (XGC). The obstructive jaundice was released by a cholecysiectomy, resection of the choledochus, and hepaticojejunostomy. This is the first reported case of infantile XGC associated with obstructive jaundice.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01957275
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Expression of matrix metalloproteinases and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases during normal human pulmonary development (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Histopathology 47 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2559
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Aims : Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) are thought to be involved in lung development because they play an important role in the turnover of the extracellular matrix. Although limited data on MMP and TIMP expression are available from animal studies during prenatal pulmonary development, little is known about their expression during human fetal lung development. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of MMP-1, -2, -9, TIMP-1, -2 and -3 in human fetal lungs from 9 to 42 weeks of gestation.Methods and results : Forty-five normal human fetal lung samples were analysed by immunohistochemistry. MMP-1, -9, TIMP-1, -2 and -3, but not MMP-2, were expressed in the epithelium at all gestational ages. The endothelium of all vessels and the arterial smooth muscle cells expressed MMP-1, -2, -9, TIMP-2 and -3, but not TIMP-1, at all developmental stages.Conclusion : The extensive distribution of MMPs and TIMPs throughout all stages of human lung development suggests that they play a significant role in the remodelling that occurs in the interstitium and epithelial basement membrane during lung development and in pulmonary vascular development. These data will serve as a base line for comparison with neonatal lung pathology, including pulmonary hypertension.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2559.2005.02228.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Prenatal ultrasonograms showing a reduced amniotic cavity in a patient with (1996)
    Springer
    Pediatric surgery international 11 (1996), S. 406-407 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-9813
    Keywords: Intrauterine compression ; Genitourinary anomalies ; Clubfoot ; Anorectal anomalies
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Multiple genitourinary, anorectal, and limb anomalies are described in association with the presence of intrauterine compression in a male newborn. Bilateral hydronephrosis, and imperforate anus with a rectourethral fistula, a posterior urethral valve, a left undescended testis, a bifid scrotum, a short prepuce, and flexible clubfeet were all noted in one of twin boys. Furthermore, a strikingly smal amniotic cavity was demonstrated at 7 weeks' gestation by ultrasonograms and pressure pits on the ankles were also seen after birth, features suggestive of intrauterine spatial compression. It is postulated that the early intrauterine compression inhibited the normal development of the fetus, causing the multiple anomalies. The conditions observed in this case are considered compatible with the concepts previously proposed by Stephens et al.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00497829
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Expression of Clara cell 10-kDa protein (CC10) in congenital diaphragmatic hernia (1998)
    Springer
    Pediatric surgery international 14 (1998), S. 36-39 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-9813
    Keywords: Key words Congenital diaphragmatic hernia  ; Clara cell  ;  Hypoplastic lung  ;  Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Clara cell 10 kDa protein (CC10) has been thought to be fairly specific to Clara cells and a major secretory protein that is both synthesized and released from Clara cells. In the present study, morphometric analyses of the immunohistochemical expression of CC10 were carried out on the bronchioles of human neonates with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) and then compared with morphometric analyses from a gestationally and postnatally age-matched control group in order to clarify the immaturity of Clara cells in CDH lungs. No difference was found in CC10 expression between the affected side and the unaffected side of the lungs in the CDH group. However, compared with the lungs of the control group, the CDH group showed a significant decrease in CC10 expression, namely, the ratio of CC10-positive cells per bronchiole, per unit perimeter of bronchiole, and per unit bronchiolar surface area. These results suggest that in the lungs of CDH cases, a possible delay in either functional maturation or the development of CC10 synthesis by the bronchioles may exist, and this retardation of functional maturation of the airway is also considered to play a role in the postnatal respiratory insufficiency observed in CDH patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003830050430
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Helicobacter pylori infection in postoperative patients with biliary atresia A benign colonization? (1999)
    Springer
    Pediatric surgery international 15 (1999), S. 210-213 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-9813
    Keywords: Key wordsHelicobacter pylori ; Biliary atresia ; Esophageal varices ; Portal hypertension ; Peptic ulcer disease
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection in postoperative patients with biliary atresia (BA) was investigated in relation to esophageal varices, portal-hypertensive gastropathy (PHG), and peptic ulcer disease (PUD) in 25 Japanese patients (10 boys and 15 girls) aged from 16 months to 20 years. Gastric biopsy specimens obtained during endoscopy were used for both the rapid urease test and modified Giemsa staining. The patients were classified into three groups according to liver function: 15 in group A (total bilirubin [TB] 〈 1.0 mg/dl), 7 in group B (1.0 ≤ TB 〈 2.0 mg/dl), and 3 in group C (TB ≥ 2.0 mg/dl). Esophageal varices were found in 19 patients (60% of group A and all patients in groups B and C) and PHG in 3 group B patients. However, no gastric or duodenal ulcers were found in any case. Only 2 patients (8%) had H. pylori colonization of the gastric mucosa. Both, however, belonged to group A, and the degree of chronic neutrophilic infiltration of the mucosal layer was as mild as that of the other patients. The prevalence of H. pylori infection and PUD in postoperative patients with BA was quite low, and a pathological relationship with the severity of liver disease could not be determined in these patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003830050557
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The significance of cytological examination on reperfusion in rat small intestinal transplantation (1995)
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 427 (1995), S. 71-76 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Small intestinal transplantation ; Graft viability ; Cytology ; Preservation ; Crypt cell
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We examined the cytology of the exudate in preserved intestinal grafts on reperfusion and compared it with the histological findings in rat small intestinal transplantation. The jejunal graft was harvested from the Lewis rat and was preserved in University of Wisconsin solution for 6, 12, 24 and 48 h at 4 °C (n=6, in each group) and was then syngeneically transplanted. On reperfusion, the exudate was collected and studied cytologically. Full thickness biopsies were performed at the end of the preservation and at 30 min after reperfusion for histological examination. Histological examination after reperfusion showed that the crypt layer was preserved until 24 h. However, it was destroyed by 48 h preservation. The cytological findings correlated with the depth of tissue injury shown histologically. The degeneration of villus epithelial cells, the decrease in the content of mucin in both the goblet cells as well as villus cells, and the appearance of crypt cells are all considered to be signs of poor graft viability. Cytological examination is therefore recommended as an effective, non-invasive and real-time method for evaluating graft viability just after reperfusion in small intestinal transplantation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00203740
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Postoperative MRI evaluation of anorectal malformations with clinical correlation (1993)
    Springer
    Pediatric radiology 23 (1993), S. 583-586 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1998
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Sixteen postoperative patients with anorectal malformation were evaluated by MRI, and the results compared with the clinical assessment. Patients were classified into three groups — good (group 1,n=10), fair (group 2,n=3) and poor (group 3,n=3) — on the basis of Kelly's clinical score of incontinence. The degree of development of the puborectalis and external sphincter muscles and the levator hammock was evaluated on MRI in comparison with patients without anorectal disease. The proportions of fair or poor development of the muscles were 37% in group 1,22% in group 2 and 67% in group 3. Although fair or poor development of the muscles was seen more frequently in group 3, there was no statistically significant difference between groups. However, poorly developed muscles were seen only in patients with fair or poor clinical scores. The difference in the anorectal angle measured on sagittal MRI images between patients in group 1 and groups 2 or 3 was significant. Our study indicates that MRI evaluation based solely on muscle development can be misleading, and measurement of the anorectal angle should be included in the MRI evaluation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02014969
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