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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of the American Chemical Society 117 (1995), S. 6639-6639 
    ISSN: 1520-5126
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of the American Chemical Society 83 (1961), S. 331-334 
    ISSN: 1520-5126
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of the American Chemical Society 83 (1961), S. 4175-4177 
    ISSN: 1520-5126
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Atherosclerosis ; borderline diabetes ; impaired glucose tolerance ; non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus ; B-mode ; ultrasound ; carotid artery ; coronary heart disease ; ECG
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Atherosclerotic changes have not been demonstrated directly in asymptomatic hyperglycaemic non-diabetic subjects, although high mortality due to coronary heart disease has been reported. We measured arterial wall thickness non-invasively, in order to directly demonstrate atherosclerosis of the carotid arteries of hyperglycaemic non-diabetic subjects and to evaluate its risk factors. The thicknesses of the intimal plus medial complex (IMT) of the carotid arteries of 112 asymptomatic hyperglycaemic non-diabetic subjects (aged 22–81, 95 males and 17 females) were compared with those of 55 healthy male subjects and 211 non-insulin-dependent NIDDM male diabetic patients. The subjects were subgrouped into impaired glucose-tolerant (IGT) subjects who had a 2-h glycaemic level of more than 7.8 mmol/l, and non-IGT subjects whose 2-h glycaemic levels were within 6.7–7.7 mmol/l. Non-IGT and IGT subjects showed significantly greater IMTs than age-matched healthy males and showed no significant differences compared to age-matched NIDDM patients. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that the risk factors for IMT of non-IGT and IGT subjects were age and systolic blood pressure. According to data on the accumulation of atherogenic risks (hypertension, dyslipidaemia, and smoking), IMT increased linearly in non-IGT and IGT subjects. However, non-IGT and IGT subjects without hyperlipidaemia, hypertension, or smoking risk still had significantly greater IMT than age-matched normal males (1.019±0.063 vs 0.770±0.111 mm, p〈0.05). Prevalence of ECG-indicated coronary heart disease was significantly higher in hyperglycaemic non-diabetic subjects and NIDDM with increased carotid arterial wall thickness (IMT ≥1.1 mm) than in those without increased thickness (IMT〈1.1 mm). Asymptomatic hyperglycaemic non-diabetic subjects have increased thickness of their carotid arteries compared to age-matched male NIDDM patients. As one of several independent risk factors, mild hyperglycaemia advances atherosclerosis, which leads to coronary heart disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Key words Atherosclerosis ; borderline diabetes ; impaired glucose tolerance ; non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus ; B-mode ; ultrasound ; carotid artery ; coronary heart disease ; ECG.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Atherosclerotic changes have not been demonstrated directly in asymptomatic hyperglycaemic non-diabetic subjects, although high mortality due to coronary heart disease has been reported. We measured arterial wall thickness non-invasively, in order to directly demonstrate atherosclerosis of the carotid arteries of hyperglycaemic non-diabetic subjects and to evaluate its risk factors. The thicknesses of the intimal plus medial complex (IMT) of the carotid arteries of 112 asymptomatic hyperglycaemic non-diabetic subjects (aged 22–81, 95 males and 17 females) were compared with those of 55 healthy male subjects and 211 non-insulin-dependent NIDDM male diabetic patients. The subjects were subgrouped into impaired glucose-tolerant (IGT) subjects who had a 2-h glycaemic level of more than 7.8 mmol/l, and non-IGT subjects whose 2-h glycaemic levels were within 6.7–7.7 mmol/l. Non-IGT and IGT subjects showed significantly greater IMTs than age-matched healthy males and showed no significant differences compared to age-matched NIDDM patients. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that the risk factors for IMT of non-IGT and IGT subjects were age and systolic blood pressure. According to data on the accumulation of atherogenic risks (hypertension, dyslipidaemia, and smoking), IMT increased linearly in non-IGT and IGT subjects. However, non-IGT and IGT subjects without hyperlipidaemia, hypertension, or smoking risk still had significantly greater IMT than age- matched normal males (1.019 ± 0.063 vs 0.770 ± 0.111 mm, p 〈 0.05). Prevalence of ECG-indicated coronary heart disease was significantly higher in hyperglycaemic non-diabetic subjects and NIDDM with increased carotid arterial wall thickness (IMT ≥ 1.1 mm) than in those without increased thickness (IMT 〈 1.1 mm). Asymptomatic hyperglycaemic non-diabetic subjects have increased thickness of their carotid arteries compared to age-matched male NIDDM patients. As one of several independent risk factors, mild hyperglycaemia advances atherosclerosis, which leads to coronary heart disease. [Diabetologia (1995) 38: 585–591]
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Accreditation and quality assurance 2 (1997), S. 110-110 
    ISSN: 1432-0517
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Accreditation and quality assurance 2 (1997), S. 130-136 
    ISSN: 1432-0517
    Keywords: Key words Reference material ; Standard gas ; Standard solution ; Traceability ; Measurement Law
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract  Analytical instruments used for measurements of air and water pollution are calibrated by using reference materials such as standard gases and standard solutions. In Japan, since the middle of the 1970s, those reference materials which are traceable to the national standards maintained at national research institutes have been supplied to users by reference material producers. In order to establish the primary standards and to secure the traceability from the working standards to the national ones, various analytical methods such as coulometric, titrimetric and gravimetric analyses for purity determination and highly sensitive atomic spectrometry for trace analysis have been developed as the primary methods and reference methods. The Japanese Measurement Law, revised in 1992, has introduced a new traceability system in which a public organization, a "designated calibration body", can also prepare and maintain the national standards under the advice and instruction of national research institutes. The designated calibration body can provide calibration services to reference material producers (accredited calibration bodies) by using the national standards. The reference materials supplied in conformity with the traceability system include standard gases, pH standard solutions, metal standard solutions and non-metal ion standard solutions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Neuropeptide Y ; Immunohistochemistry ; Hirschsprung's disease ; Aganglionosis ; Man
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The localisation and distribution of neuropeptide Y (NPY)-like immunoreactivity were studied by use of immunohistochemical methods in gut tissues from 19 patients with Hirschsprung's disease, including 4 cases of long segment aganglionosis. In the normoganglionic segment, immunoreactive cell bodies and nonvaricose processes were seen within both myenteric and submucous plexuses. A scarce supply of varicose fibres was found in the lamina propria mucosae, muscularis mucosae and longitudinal muscle layer. NPY fibres were more frequently encountered in the circular muscle layer, although with a weakly immunostaining intensity. In addition, blood vessels in the submucosal connective tissue were surrounded by a typical plexus of varicose, NPY-positive fibres. Immunoreactive endocrine cells could be detected in the colonic epithelium. In the aganglionic segment, numerous nerve fasciculi comprising a small to moderate number of NPY fibres with varicosities were observed throughout the entire layer of the colonic wall. A few varicose, NPY-positive fibres were also contained in the relatively large, hypertrophic nerve fasciculi located in the intermuscular zone and submucosal connective tissue. NPY-immunoreactive fasciculi were more densely distributed in the distal aganglionic segment than in the proximal aganglionic one. On the other hand, the distribution of NPY-positive fibres in long segment aganglionosis was quite different from that in short segment type; in cases of long segment type, no immunoreactive nerve fibres were detected within the circular muscle layer of the proximal aganglionic segment near the oligoganglionic segment and only a few fibres were observed within the hypertrophic nerve bundle of the intermuscular zone. The present results suggest that NPY-like immunoreactive nerves in the human colon have a dual origin of intrinsic and extrinsic elements. The origin and nature of extrinsic NPY nerve fibres in the human colon are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 81.15 ; 82.80 ; 42.62
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Laser-ionization Time-Of-Flight (TOF) mass-spectrometric studies have been carried out on the 532 nm and 1064 nm laser ablation products from a nitrogen-rich polymer. The polymer used had an elemental composition of C6.0N8.9H3.4 and consisted of C=N, C-N, and N-H chemical bonds. The TOF mass spectra observed were composed of various peaks (≤150 amu) depending on the ablation laser wavelength. The primary peaks were assigned to C+, CN+, CHnN+ 2 (n=1−3) and C2H2N+ 3 for 532 nm ablation, and C+, C+ 3, HCN+, HCCN+, CH2NH+, HNCN+, H3NCN+, and C4H4N+ 7 for 1064 nm ablation. The flight velocity distributions with peak velocities ranging from ≈8.6×103 cm/s to ≈3.8×104 cm/s were measured for these products. The distinct velocity distributions observed between small and large products indicate the presence of two origins in the fragment ejection process from the polymer for both 532 nm and 1064 nm ablation. Furthermore, we suggest an importance of the translational energy of the fragments for the product generation in the laser plume.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 51 (1983), S. 45-56 
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Red nucleus ; Sprouting ; Brain lesion ; Specificity ; Kitten
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary We have examined the formation of new synapses that occurs in the kitten red nucleus (RN) following lesions of the cerebral cortex or cerebellum. In normal 2–3 month old kittens, stimulation of the cerebral cortex or cerebral peduncle (CP) produces slow-rising monosynaptic EPSPs in ipsilateral RN cells; while fast-rising EPSPs are produced by stimulating the contralateral nucleus interpositus (IP) of the cerebellum. In these normal animals stimulation of the contralateral cerebral cortex, or CP, or the ipsilateral IP never produces detectable postsynaptic potentials. In contrast, in kittens with chronic lesions of the ipsilateral sensorimotor cortex performed less than 2 months after birth, it was found that (1) stimulation of the contralateral sensorimotor cortex or CP produced slow-rising EPSPs. (2) Upon stimulation of the contralateral IP a slow-rising component appeared superimposed on the fast-rising IP-EPSPs. (3) In some cells, stimulation of the ipsilateral IP produced slow-rising EPSPs. These results indicate that new synapses were formed on the dendrites of RN cells by neurons from the contralateral CP, contralateral IP and ipsilateral IP. The majority of denervated RN neurons were found to receive new synapses from only one of these three inputs, those from the contralateral cerebral cortex being most prominent. The conduction velocities of corticorubral fibers responsible for the EPSPs recorded in these lesioned animals are similar to those of slow conducting pyramidal tract fibers. Sometimes IPSPs were also produced by a train of CP stimuli. The IPSPs are probably mediated by fast conducting pyramidal tract fibers because their threshold is lower than that of the EPSPs. These findings suggest that newly formed crossed corticorubral projections have organizational specificity with respect to excitatory vs. inhibitory connections which is similar to that of normal ipsilateral corticorubral projections. Somatotopical organization was found in the newly-formed corticorubral excitatory projections. The forelimb cortical area was found to project to contralateral RN neurons innervating the forelimb spinal segments, while the hindlimb cortical area was found to project to RN neurons innervating the lumbar segments. However, after chronic ablation of the forelimb area of the contralateral sensorimotor cortex, in addition to the ipsilateral cerebral cortex, a new connection was formed from the hindlimb area of the contralateral cerebral cortex to the RN neurons innervating the spinal forelimb segments. This indicates that the specificity of the topographical organization is subject to reorganization. In chronically hemicerebellectomized kittens, ipsilateral IP stimulation produced fast-rising monosynaptic EPSPs in some cases. Thus, it was concluded that new synapses were formed on the somatic or proximal dendritic portion of RN cells from the ipsilateral IP after ablation of the contralateral IP.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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