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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Degradation Depth Measurement of Polycarbonate Used by Castfilm Method (2006)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Key engineering materials Vol. 321-323 (Oct. 2006), p. 729-732 
    Details
    ISSN: 1013-9826
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: The effect of hydrolysis of polycarbonate on tensile behavior were investigated.[removed info]The specimens were exposed in a chamber at constant room temperature and water for 300 hours,and measurements were made on the variation of weight and tensile properties. In addition,the increase and decrease of the carbonate part was measured with an ultraviolet spectroscopy.The results are as follows: It was confirmed that it was effective to the examination of the influence ofthe diffusion of water with an overlay castfilm. It has been understood to the diffusion of water fromthe surface layer has diffused at the same time by about 6μm, and it has diffused graduallywhen it is deeper than 6μm. The change in the tensile behavior by the hydrolysiswas able to be confirmed by observing the carbonate part of the polycarbonate. It became clear,the break strain has decreased because the carbonate part is taken apart by the hydrolysis.Afterwards, the break strain steadies by constructing a bridge, and the yield stress increases
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/01/51/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FKEM.321-323.729.pdf
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mutations in the gyrA and parC genes associated with fluoroquinolone resistance in clinical isolates of Citrobacter freundii (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 154 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: We determined partial sequences of the gyrA and parC genes of Citrobacter freundii type strain, and then examined 38 C. freundii clinical strains isolated from patients with urinary tract infections for the association of alterations in GyrA and ParC with susceptibility to fluoroquinolones. Our results suggest that in C. freundii DNA gyrase may be a primary target of quinolones, that an amino acid change at Thr-83 or Asp-87 in GyrA is sufficient to decrease susceptibility to fluoroquinolones, and that accumulation of changes in GyrA with the simultaneous presence of an alteration at Ser-80 or Glu-84 in ParC may be associated with the development of high-level fluoroquinolone resistance in C. freundii clinical isolates.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1997.tb12675.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Retrospective study of 101 cases with incidental prostate cancer stages T1a and T1b (2005)
    Melbourne, Australia : Blackwell Science Pty
    International journal of urology 12 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1442-2042
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Purpose: The purpose of this retrospective study was to clarify the character of incidental prostate cancer, stages T1a and T1b.Methods: We analysed 101 cases of incidental prostate cancer. Incidental prostate cancer was diagnosed on the basis of normal digital rectal examination findings, a serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level of less than 4.0 ng/mL, and no abnormal computed tomography or ultrasonography findings. All patients were treated at Gifu University Hospital or an affiliated hospital during the period January 1992 through December 2001.Results: There were 64 stage T1a cancers and 37 stage T1b cancers. The mean age of patients was 71.3 years (range 51–87 years). The mean serum PSA level was 1.63 ng/mL (range 0.2–4.0 ng/mL). Thirty-five stage T1a patients (56.5%) and thirty-two stage T1b patients (86.5%) underwent some type of treatment. Total prostatectomy was performed in eight stage T1a cases and fifteen stage T1b cases. Pathological diagnoses were as follows: pTx (n = 1), pT0 (n = 5) and pT2 (n = 2) for stage T1a cancers, and pT0 (n = 6), pT2 (n = 8) and pT3 (n = 1) for stage T1b cancers. Only one stage T1b cancer recurred.Conclusion: The outcome of patients with incidental prostate cancer was satisfactory; disease recurred in only one case of stage T1b cancer and there were no cases of PSA failure, although the pathological diagnosis in nine of the fifteen stage T1b cases (60.0%) treated with total prostatectomy was pT2 or pT3. Careful monitoring was indicated for stage T1a cancer, and some treatment was necessary for stage T1b cancer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1442-2042.2005.01205.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Calculation of stability constants of hydrogen-bonded complexes from proton magnetic resonance data. Interactions of phenol with dimethylacetamide and various ketones. Solvent effect (1967)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    The @journal of physical chemistry 〈Washington, DC〉 71 (1967), S. 3954-3959 
    Details
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/j100871a034
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Development of a rapid assay for screening point mutations associated with quinolone resistance in the Pseudomonas aeruginosa parC gene (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of infection and chemotherapy 6 (2000), S. 26-29 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-7780
    Keywords: Key wordsPseudomonas aeruginosa ; parC mutations ; Fluoroquinolone resistance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract To detect quinolone resistance-associated mutations within the Ser-80 and Glu-84 codons of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa parC gene, we developed a rapid and simple assay based on polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of the region of the parC gene containing the mutation sites and digestion of the PCR products with a restriction enzyme. The mutations generating alterations at Ser-80 and Glu-84 were detected as restriction fragment length polymorphisms of the PCR products digested with HinfI. Among 22 clinical isolates tested by this assay, mutations at the Ser-80 and Glu-84 codons were detected in all 10 isolates in which the presence of the mutations had been confirmed previously by DNA sequencing. This rapid and simple assay could be a useful screening device for genetic alterations associated with resistance to quinolones in the P. aeruginosa parC gene.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s101560050045
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Drug Exsorption from Blood into the Gastrointestinal Tract (1998)
    Springer
    Pharmaceutical research 15 (1998), S. 371-376 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-904X
    Keywords: intestinal secretion ; exsorption ; active transport ; P-glycoprotein ; intestinal lumen
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Drugs are exsorbed from the blood across the gastrointestinal membranes by passive or active processes. In the case of a passive transport mechanism, the exsorption of drugs depends on the concentration gradients between the serosal and mucosal sides. The extent of secretion (exsorption) is determined by numerous factors such as extent of binding to serum proteins, distribution volume, lipophilicity, pKa and molecular size of drugs, and the blood flow rate in the gut. Specific transport systems such as P-glycoprotein (P-gp), organic cation and organic anion transporters are found to be involved in active intestinal secretion of drugs. Intestinal secretory transport systems reduce the extent of drug absorption sometimes resulting in low oral bioavailability. It is, therefore, important to know whether poor drug absorption is due to the involvement of specialized secretory transport systems. Modulation of intestinal secretory transport can be a means to enhance absorption of drugs with low oral bioavailability if exsorption of drugs is based on active secretion pathways that are open for control from the "outside.”
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1011959828103
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Determination of R(+)- and S(–)-Lansoprazole Using Chiral Stationary-Phase Liquid Chromatography and Their Enantioselective Pharmacokinetics in Humans (1996)
    Springer
    Pharmaceutical research 13 (1996), S. 611-615 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-904X
    Keywords: lansoprazole ; chiral separation ; enantiomer ; metabolic ratio
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Purpose. Stereoselective and sensitive methods employing chiral stationary phase columns for HPLC determination of enantiomers of lansoprazole in the human serum were developed and pharmacokinetic behaviors of the enantiomers were evaluated in seven subjects. Methods. Five chiral stationary phase columns: Chiralcel OD (cellulose tris(3,5-dimethyl-phenylcarbamate)), OF (cellulose tris(4-chloro-phenylcarbamate)), OG (cellulose tris(4-methylphenylcarbamate)) and OJ (cellulose tris(4-methylbenzoate)), and Chiralpak AS (amylose tris ((S)-1 -phenylethylcarbamate)) were investigated. Results. Chiralcel OD and Chiralpak AS columns gave a good resolution of R(+)- and S(–)-enantiomers from racemic lansoprazole, but Chiralcel OF, OG, and OJ did not. The mean Cmax and the AUC values of R(+)-enantiomer were 3–5 times greater than those of S(–)-enantiomer following oral administration of 30 mg of racemic lansoprazole. The CLtot values of R(+)-enantiomer were significantly smaller than those of S(–)-enantiomer. Binding of R(+)-enantiomer to human serum proteins was significantly greater than that of S(–)-enantiomer. The mean metabolic ratio (metabolites/parent compound) in human liver microsomes of S(–)-enantiomer was significantly greater than that of R(+)-enantiomer. Conclusions. The stereoselective pharmacokinetics of lansoprazole enantiomers is likely due to its Stereoselective protein binding and/ or metabolism.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1016062508580
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Glucagon in the metabolic and nutritional management after total pancreatectomy —A case report— (1989)
    Springer
    Surgery today 19 (1989), S. 586-592 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-2813
    Keywords: total pancreatectomy ; glucagon ; blood glucose control ; metabolic management ; glucagon aerosol
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The effects of exogenous glucagon on a totally pancreatectomized patient were evaluated in both the acute postoperative and convalescent periods. In the acute postoperative phase, glucagon stabilized the blood glucose level and allowed the administration of an adequate amount of energy, while during the convalescent period, it proved useful in promoting the metabolism of lipids and amino acids and maintaining liver function. Moreover, we developed a glucagon aerosol which enabled frequent administration without causing major discomfort to the patient and raised the blood glucagon to satisfactory level.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02471668
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evaluation of the penetration depth of transdermally applied 3% GA MHPh 2Na-10% lidocaine gel in man (1993)
    Springer
    Journal of anesthesia 7 (1993), S. 21-26 
    Details
    ISSN: 1438-8359
    Keywords: Dermal patch anesthesia ; Lidocaine gel ; Sudomotion ; Vasomotion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In order to estimate the penetration depth of transdermal 3% GA MHPh 2Na-10% lidocaine gel mixture, the following physiological functions of the skin were examined before and after a 60 min occulusive application of the gel in 16 adult volunteers. Thermal sweat expulsins ceased completely on the gel-treated ventral surface of one forearm in all the firs 5 subjects, though it continued on the untreated contrast area of the other forearm. Sympathetic skin response (SSR) was also no longer induced on the gel-treated middle finger in 1 of another 3 subjects and was severely depressed in the other 2 subjects, while the SSR on the untreated index finger appeared constantly. Vasomotion of the skin circulation on another 3 subjects, remained unaffected on both the gel-treated and the untreated fingers. Extraction of a leg-hair in the treated area did not induce pain sensation in all the last 5 subjects. In addition to the transcellular main roots, some of the transcutaneously applied gel seems to penetrate deeply into the skin through the appendageal roots such as the eccrine sweat glands and the pilosebaceous glands. (Kano T, Nakamura M, Hashiguchi A, et al.: Evaluation of the penetration depth of transdermally applied 3% GA MHPh 2Na-10% lidocaine gel in man. J Anesth 7: 21–26, 1993)
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s0054030070021
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Direct chromatographic separation of 2-arylpropionic acid enantiomers using tris(3,5-dimethylphenylcarbamate)s of cellulose and amylose as chiral stationary phases (1989)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chirality 1 (1989), S. 239-242 
    Details
    ISSN: 0899-0042
    Keywords: optical resolution ; HPLC ; chromatography ; antiinflammatory drug ; ibuprofen ; ketoprofen ; flurbiprofen ; tiaprofenic acid ; Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Direct optical resolution of antiinflammatory drugs such as ibuprofen, ketoprofen, flurbiprofen, and tiaprofenic acid were attempted by high-performance liquid chromatography using tris(3,5-dimethylphenylcarbamate)s of cellulose and amylose as chiral stationary phases. Although ibuprofen was not sufficiently resolved, the other three 2-arylpropionic acids were completely resolved by amylose tris(3,5-dimethylphenylcarbamate). Ibuprofen was resolved as anilide derivative.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chir.530010310
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