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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of colorectal disease 11 (1996), S. 287-293 
    ISSN: 1432-1262
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé. But: La mortalité réelle, le coût et l'incapacité de travail en cas de traitement médical de la colite ulcéro-hémorragique sont rarement définis et encoure plus rarement comparés à des paramètres analogues associés au traitement chirurgical. Ceci nous a conduit à déterminer et comparer le traitement médical versus le traitement chirurgical chez des patients hospitalisés en raison d'une colite ulcéro-hémorragique. Matériel et méthodes: Les patients ont été comparés quant à l'âge, la durée et la sévérité de la maladie déterminée avec les indexes d'activité de Truelove et Witts, la colonoscopie, l'aspect histologique et le score APACHE. La morbidité, le coût et l'incapacité de travail déterminés chez 20 patients ayant requis au moins une hospitalisation, ont été comparés à ceux mesurés chez 20 patients traités par un procédé en trois temps opératoires. Les données démographiques, le nombre d'admissions hospitalières, la durée du séjour, le coût hospitalier total incluant le chirurgien consultant et l'anesthésiste, la morbidité de chaque traitement et l'incapacité de travail ont étéétablis. Des analyses statistiques ont été réalisées utilisant de test de Mann-Whitney ainsi que le test de Fisher. Le seuil de signification a été déterminéàP〈0.05. Résultats: L'âge moyen était de 53,6 ans dans le groupe traité de manière médicale et de 48,1% dans le group chirurgical (P = NS); la durée moyenne d'évolution de l'affection était de 10,5 et 9,5 ans (P = NS). La sévérité de la pancolite était présente dans les deux groupes. Le score d'APACHE calculéétait respectivement de 13 et 14 dans le groupe médical et le groupe chirurgical. Il n'y avait pas de différence significative entre le taux total d'admission hospitalière et le taux obtenu par séjour des patients dans chacun des deux groupes. Le taux moyen, en case de séjour hospitalier dans le groupe médical, s'établit à $ 28,477.– par patient alors que le taux en cas de traitement chirurgical à trois équipes est de $ 33,041.– en cas de proctocolectomie. La durée moyenne des séjours pré-hospitaliers avant l'intervention chirurgicale est de 5 mois dans le groupe chirurgical (P = NS). Les patients du groupe médical ont requis toutefois plus de transfusion (25%) en comparaison avec le groupe chirurgical (0%) (P〈0.01). Tous les patients du groupe chirurgical recevaient des stéroïdes manière permanente. Par ailleurs, alors que 65% des patients du groupe médical présentaient des complications à mettre en rapport avec la prise de stéroïdes, le taux de complications chirurgicales majeures est restéà 15% (P〈0.01). Conclusion: Le traitement médical est associéà un taux de complications significativement plus élevé que celui résultant de la seule chirurgie. En plus, une proctocolectomie avec restauration de la continuité a été réalisée sans coûts hospitaliers additionnels chez des patientes porteuses d'une colite ulcéreuse. La valeur d'un traitement médical prolongé dans ce groupe sélectionné de patients est discutable.
    Notes: Abstract. Aim: The true morbidity, cost and disability of medical therapy for ulcerative colitis are seldom delineated and are even less frequently compared to analogous parameters associated with surgical therapy. Therefore, we sought to assess and contrast medical versus surgical therapy for patients hospitalized due to severe ulcerative colitis. Materials and methods: Patients were matched for age, duration and severity of disease based upon Truelove and Witts' activity index, colonoscopic and histologic appearance and APACHE (Acute Psychological and Chronic Health Evaluation) II scores. Morbidity, cost and disability of 20 medically treated patients who required at least one hospital admission were compared to 20 patients treated by a three stage restorative proctocolectomy. Demographic data, number of hospital admissions, length of stay, total hospital charges including consultant's, surgeon's, and anesthesiologist's fees, morbidity of each approach and disability were assessed. Statistical analysis was performed using Mann-Whitney and Fisher exact tests. Significance was considered as P〈0.05. Results: The mean age was 53.6 years in the medical group and 48.1 years in the surgical group (P = NS) and the average duration of disease was 10.5 years and 9.5 years, respectively (P = NS). The same severity of pancolitis was noted in both groups; APACHE scores of 13 and 14 in the medical and surgical groups, respectively, were noted. The total number of hospital admissions and total combined length of stay per patient in each group were not significant. Total mean hospital cost for the medical group was $ 28,477.00 per patient versus $ 33,041.00 for the three stage restorative proctocolectomy (P = NS). The mean duration of disability in the medical group was 6.4 months per patient versus 5.0 months in the surgical group (P = NS). However, patients in the medical group required more transfusions (25%) than did those in the surgical group (0%) (P〈0.05) and significant weight loss was more common in the medical group (45%) compared to the surgical group (5%) (P〈0.01). All patients in the surgical group were permanently weaned from steroids. Furthermore, while 65% of patients in the medical group had significant steroid-related complications, the major surgical complication rate was only 15% (P〈0.01). Conclusion: Medical treatment was associated with a significantly higher overall morbidity than surgical therapy. Additionally, a three stage restorative proctocolectomy was performed at no additional hospital cost or subsequent disability in patients with severe ulcerative colitis. The value of prolonged medical therapy in this select group of patients is questionable.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of colorectal disease 14 (1999), S. 172-176 
    ISSN: 1432-1262
    Keywords: Key words Colonoscopy ; Octogenarian ; Surveillance ; Colorectal carcinoma
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Studies on the use of colonoscopy in the octogenarian are few. Therefore this study evaluated the results and cost-effectiveness of colonoscopy in octogenarians. A total of 403 patients 80 years of age or older who underwent colonoscopy from May 1994 to May 1996 were reviewed (median 84, range 80–95). Parameters evaluated were indications for colonoscopy, significant endoscopic findings (biopsy-confirmed adenocarcinoma and adenomatous polyps ≥1 cm), complications, colonoscopy completion rate, and mean charge per procedure. Postpolypectomy bleeding occurred in one patient. The cecal intubation rate was 94%. The calculated cost per procedure was U.S. $2,342. Indications for colonoscopy/number of cancers detected include: change in bowel habits, 78/2; blood/hemoccult positive, 69/8; abdominal pain, 12/0; constipation, 9/0; diarrhea, 8/0; surveillance for history of polyps, 159/3; surveillance for history of cancer, 51/1; cancer or polyp on sigmoidoscopy, 42/4. The cancer detection rate in patients with bleeding was 11.5%, compared with 1.9% for all other symptoms. Colonoscopy can be safely performed in the octogenarian population. Our data suggest that more stringent selection criteria for colonoscopy in the octogenarian could result in significant cost savings.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-1262
    Keywords: Keywords Fecal incontinence ; Constipation ; MRI ; Ultrasound
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  This study assessed the value of common surface coil mag-netic resonance imaging (MRI) in patients with evacuatory disorders including fecal incontinence and constipation. These findings were then compared with those from other standard physiological examinations and/or surgical findings. From July 1996 to June 1997, 14 consecutive patients underwent surface coil MRI for evaluation of either fecal incontinence (n=5) or constipation (n=9). In patients with incontinence we compared the findings from endoanal ultrasound (EAUS), anal MRI, and surgery regarding morphopathological findings of the internal and external anal sphincter components. In constipated patients the findings of videoprography and dynamic pelvic MRI were compared regarding the presence of rectocele, rectoanal intussusception, and sigmoidocele as well as the measurements of anorectal angle and perineal descent. The five incontinent patients were all women, with a median age of 67 years (range 43–77). EAUS revealed an anterior sphincter defect in two patients, a posterior defect in one, and normal anal sphincter images in two. Surgical findings confirmed an anterior external anal sphincter scar in two patients, an internal anal sphincter defect in one, and an anatomically normal anal sphincter in two. In one patient, although anal MRI showed posterior external anal sphincter defect, EAUS and surgery revealed normal external anal sphincter appearance. The accuracy rate between EAUS and anal MRI was only 20%, that between surgery and anal MRI 40%, and that between surgery and EAUS 80%. Thus EAUS was more accurate than anal MRI in incontinent patients. The nine constipated patients were all women, with a mean age of 59 years (range 40–78). Videoproctography revealed an anterior rectocele in six patients, rectoanal intussusception in three, and sigmoidocele in five; no abnormalities were identified in two patients. On dynamic pelvic MRI anterior rectocele was seen in three patients and sigmoidocele in two, and five studies were interpreted as normal. One of the patients underwent sigmoidectomy for sigmoidocele, and five patients were treated by biofeedback. Thus the accuracy rate of dynamic pelvic MRI against videoproctography was 60% for anterior rectocele, 40% for sigmoidocele, and zero for rectoanal intussusception. In conclusion, neither MRI for the evaluation of patients with fecal incontinence nor for the evaluation of patients with constipation added any significant information that would warrant its continued use in these patient groups. Perhaps the more widespread availability of an endoanal coil will alter this conclusion; however, at the present time we cannot routinely endorse the expense, time, or inconvenience of these MRI investigations in patients with these diagnoses. Larger prospective comparative studies are required prior to endorsing the technique.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of colorectal disease 9 (1994), S. 134-137 
    ISSN: 1432-1262
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Des données préliminaires avaient suggéré que la chirurgie colique et rectale laparoscopique pouvait réduire la durée d'hospitalisation. Ces affirmations étaient attribuées à une réduction de la durée de l'iléus post-opératoire. La définition de l'iléus est variable et dans tous les cas subjective. Dans cette étude, l'iléus a été défini comme l'intervalle entre l'opération et le premier passage de gaz ou de selles sans nausées, vomissements ou distension abdominale. Cette étude prospective a été entreprise pour comparer la durée de l'iléus et de l'hospitalisation après chirurgie assistée par laparoscopie (LAC) et laparotomie standard (SC) pour réaliser une proctocolectomie avec réanastomose iléo-anale avec une poche iléale (IPAA). Vingt-deux patients ont subi une chirurgie assistée par laparoscopie et 20 une laparotomie: l'âge, le sexe et l'affection sous-jacente étaient comparables. Seize patients ont subi une chirurgie assistée par laparoscopie et 15 une laparotomie conventionnelle pour recto-colite ulcéro-hémorragique alors que 6 ont subi une chirurgie assistée par laparoscopie et 5 une laparotomie pour polypose. L'intervalle jusqu'à résolution de l'iléus post-opératoire était de 4,2 jours (4–11) dans le groupe opéré sous laparoscopie et 3,3 jours (2–5) dans le groupe ayant subi une laparotomie. La durée d'hospitalisation était similaire dans les deux groupes: 8,7 jours (7–13) lors de chirurgie assistée par laparoscopie et 8,9 jours (6–18) après laparotomie. Ni la durée de l'iléus ni la durée d'hospitalisation n'ont été réduites par l'introduction de la laparoscopie. La confection d'une anastomose iléoanale avec poche assistée par la laparoscopie n'entraîne auçun des avantages théoriques que l'on attribue à la laparoscopie.
    Notes: Abstract Previous data have suggested that laparoscopic colon and rectal surgery may shorten the length of hospitalization. These claims have been attributed to a reduction of the length of ileus. The definition of “ileus” is variable and in all cases is subjective. In this study it was defined as the length of time until the patient passed flatus or stool without nausea, vomiting or abdominal distention. This prospective study was undertaken to compare the duration of ileus and of hospitalization after laparoscopic-assisted (LAC) and standard laparotomy (SC). After restorative proctocolectomy with an ileal-pouch anal anastomosis (IPAA) in both sets of patients. Twenty-two patients underwent LAC and 20 age, sex, and diagnosis-matched controls underwent SC. Mucosal ulcerative colitis (MUC) was the diagnosis in 16 LAC and in 15 SC patients while polyposis was the diagnosis in 6 LAC and in 5 SC patients. The mean time to resolution of postoperative ileus was 4.2 (4–11) days in the LAC group and 3.3 (2–5) days in the SC group. Hospital discharge was similar in each group occurring at a mean of 8.7 (7–13) days after LAC and 8.9 (6–18) days after SC. Neither the length of time for ileus resolution nor the length of hospitalization were reduced in the LAC group. Laparoscopic-assisted IPAA conferred none of the theoretical advantages associated with other laparoscopic procedures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of colorectal disease 15 (2000), S. 96-99 
    ISSN: 1432-1262
    Keywords: Keywords Radiation proctitis ; Rectum ; Carcinoma ; Bleeding ; Formalin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Formalin installation has been safely and effectively used to treat refractory bleeding caused by radiation proctitis. This study evaluated the results of such treatment in terms of outcome and complications. All four patients who underwent formalin irrigation for transfusion-dependent radiation proctitis over a 15-month period were evaluated retrospectively. The procedure was performed under sedation in the operating room, with patients in the prone jack-knife position. A solution of 4% formalin was introduced in aliquots of 50 ml kept in contact with the mucosa for 30 s and then cleared away using saline irrigation; five to six aliquots were used in each session. In a fifth patient formalin-soaked gauze pads were applied directly to the injured mucosa. At a mean follow-up of 18 months (range 6–26) two patients had repeat episodes of bleeding, one underwent successful repeat irrigation, and the other refused further treatment. One patient suffered from severe anococcygeal pain and worsening of incontinence after the procedure. The pain was treated with lidocaine ointment and sitz baths with partial success. Another patient developed severe formalin-induced colitis 5 days after the procedure, which required intravenous antibiotics and hydration. Formalin installation may be effective in controlling refractory bleeding due to radiation induced proctitis. The procedure, however, is not risk free and may induce major complications such as acute colitis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Surgical endoscopy and other interventional techniques 11 (1997), S. 385 -386 
    ISSN: 1432-2218
    Keywords: Key words: Coloanal anastomosis — Anastomotic stricture
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. We present an unconventional approach to the management of a severe stricture with complete luminal obliteration after a coloanal anastomosis which was protected with a diverting loop ileostomy. The colonoscope was inserted in an antegrade fashion into the defunctionalized limb of the loop ileostomy and advanced to the level of the stricture. Under colonoscopic vision, a Kelly clamp was carefully introduced transanally through the stricture into the proximal lumen. The strictured anastomosis was then dilated with calibrated Hegar dilators. Periodic dilatations followed by closure of the ileostomy completed the management. The technique obviated the need for a more extensive surgical procedure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Surgical endoscopy and other interventional techniques 10 (1996), S. 1022-1024 
    ISSN: 1432-2218
    Keywords: Key words: Fleet's Phospho-Soda — Colonoscopy prep — Serum electrolyte abnormalities
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. The authors report three cases of adverse reactions to commonly used lavage solutions generally believed harmless.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Surgical endoscopy and other interventional techniques 12 (1998), S. 1410-1414 
    ISSN: 1432-2218
    Keywords: Key words: Colonoscopy — Polypectomy — Complications — Surgical education — Endoscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background: Little recent data exist relative to the efficacy or postprocedural complications of surgeons performing diagnostic or therapeutic colonoscopy. Therefore, the aim of this study was to retrospectively assess the outcome of colonoscopy performed by surgeons. Methods: The charts of 2,069 patients who underwent colonoscopy between January 1992 and April 1995 by one of four surgeons at one of two centers were reviewed. Parameters included demographics, indications, procedures and findings, pathology, major complications, length of procedures and dosage of medication. Results: 2,069 colonoscopies were performed for the following indications: 877 polyp surveillance, 509 cancer surveillance, 287 rectal bleeding, 282 family history of colon cancer, 127 change in bowel habits, 112 polyps found by flexible sigmoidoscope or barium enema, 92 inflammatory bowel disease, 48 preoperation, and 58 other indications. Some patients had more than one indication. The cecum could not be intubated in 73 cases (3.5%) due to narrowing and stricture [33] redundancy [18], poor preparation [14], and other miscellaneous conditions [8]. The average procedure time in the 1,023 cases in which it was measured was 34.7 min. Average sedation doses were 2.1 mg of midazolam and 75.2 mg of meperedine in these same cases. The 2,069 colonoscopies included 1,878 biopsies, 353 polypectomies, and 139 other procedures. Some patients had multiple therapeutic interventions. Findings included 2,107 polyps, the pathology of which included 907 tubular; 62 tubulovillous and 41 villous adenomas, 325 hyperplastic polyps, and 68 carcinomas. There were five major complications after polypectomies (0.2%) including two cases of bleeding and three perforations. The two patients with bleeding were admitted to hospital, one for observation for 2 days and the other for colonoscopy, coagulation, and transfusion of 3 units of blood. Of the three patients with perforation, one underwent hospitalization for intravenous antibiotics and the other two for surgery (0.01%). Surgery included one resection with primary closure of the sigmoid perforation and one colostomy. Conclusions: This study confirms the observation that colonoscopy performed by surgeons is safe and rapid whether performed as a therapeutic or as a diagnostic procedure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Surgical endoscopy and other interventional techniques 8 (1994), S. 1352-1353 
    ISSN: 1432-2218
    Keywords: Laparoscopy ; Colectomy ; Colonoscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract One of the technical difficulties during laparoscopic and laparoscopic-assisted resection of the right, transverse, and left colon is the mobilization of the splenic and hepatic flexures. We present a simple technique of colonoscopic traction of the splenic or hepatic flexure. This technique enables good exposure and facilitates dissection while laparoscopic mobilization of these segments of the colon is performed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Surgical endoscopy and other interventional techniques 11 (1997), S. 264 -267 
    ISSN: 1432-2218
    Keywords: Key words: Laparoscopy — Diverticular disease — Hinchey system
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background: Resection of diverticular disease may be quite challenging; the acute inflammatory process, thick sigmoid mesentery, and any associated fistula or abscess can make this procedure technically demanding. The aim of this study was to compare the results between laparoscopic and laparotomy-type resections stratified by disease severity and thereby predict outcome and possibly a subset of patients who may benefit from a laparoscopic approach. Methods: From August 1991 to December 1995, all patients with diverticular disease were classified according to a modified Hinchey classification system. The laparoscopic group included 18 patients who underwent a laparoscopic assisted colectomy, one with a loop ileostomy. The identical procedures were performed in 18 patients by laparotomy. The mean age of the two groups were 62.8 and 67.1 years, respectively (p= NS). Results: Seven of 18 patients in whom laparoscopy was attempted (38.9%) had conversion to laparotomy. Six of seven (85.7%) conversions were directly related to the intense inflammatory process. Laparoscopic treated patients with Hinchey IIa or IIb disease had a morbidity rate of 33.3% and a conversion rate of 50% while all patients with Hinchey I disease were successfully completed without morbidity or conversions to laparotomy. However, after the first four cases, the intraoperative morbidity and postoperative morbidity rates were zero and 14.3% and after ten cases they were zero and zero, respectively. Furthermore, the median length of hospitalization for Hinchey I patients after laparoscopy was 5.0 days vs 7 days after laparotomy (p 〈 0.05). In Hinchey IIa and IIb patients, the median length of hospitalization was almost 50% shorter with a laparoscopic approach (6 days vs 10 days, p 〈 0.05). Conclusion: In conclusion, laparoscopic resection of diverticulitis can be performed without additional morbidity particularly in Hinchey I patients and with a reduced length of hospitalization in patients with class I or II disease. Patients with class I disease, and after initial experience even those with class II disease, can benefit from the reduced morbidity and length of hospitalization associated with laparoscopic treatment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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