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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Valid parameters for investigation of the pupillary light reflex in normal and diabetic subjects shown by factor analysis and partial correlation (1994)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 37 (1994), S. 414-419 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Pupillary autonomic function ; pupillary parameters ; factor analysis ; pupillary unrest
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Pupillary test data of 103 normal and 119 diabetic subjects (47 IDDM, 72 NIDDM) were evaluated by factor analysis. From a total of nine pupillary parameters three factors were extracted in the analysis. Factor 1 represents maximal pupillary area, contraction velocity at 1 s, dilation velocity at 6 s and minimal pupillary area — static and simple dynamic parameters; factor 2 amplitude of pupillary unrest, area under the detrended curve of pupillary unrest and period of pupillary unrest — parameters of pupillary unrest; factor 3 fusion frequency of pupillary response following flicker stimuli and latency time of pupillary light reflex — second order dynamic parameters. Factor analysis was then applied to investigate diabetic patients with a high percentage of autonomic neuropathic participants (about 39 % had pupillary and about 35 % had cardio-respiratory function disorders), which revealed the same three factors as those identified in normal subjects. Furthermore, an age-related database of parameters of pupillary unrest is given. It demonstrates that normal subjects and diabetic patients did not differ in the period of pupillary unrest (normal vs diabetic (mean±SEM): 1550±29 vs 1536±27 ms; 2p〉0.5). The difference in amplitude (47.8±2.8 vs 41.0±2.6 % percentile; 2p=0.071) and area under the detrended curve of pupillary unrest (47.9±2.8 vs 40.8±2.6 % percentile, 2p=0.062) seems to show a trend but was not significant. In conclusion, factor analysis revealed three different pupillary test factors. From the comparison of normal and diabetic subjects factor 1 which accounts for the highest percentage of variance (≅43 %) and factor 3(≅12 %) appear to be useful for investigating the pupillary light reflex. Factor 2 is not useful because of the insignificant differences between the normal and diabetic group. From factor analysis and partial correlation we believe that pupillary autonomic function in diabetic patients can be best assessed by using only two parameters, maximal pupillary area and latency time.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00408480
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Valid parameters for investigation of the pupillary light reflex in normal and diabetic subjects shown by factor analysis and partial correlation (1994)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 37 (1994), S. 414-419 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Key words Pupillary autonomic function, pupillary parameters, factor analysis, pupillary unrest.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Pupillary test data of 103 normal and 119 diabetic subjects (47 IDDM, 72 NIDDM) were evaluated by factor analysis. From a total of nine pupillary parameters three factors were extracted in the analysis. Factor 1 represents maximal pupillary area, contraction velocity at 1 s, dilation velocity at 6 s and minimal pupillary area – static and simple dynamic parameters; factor 2 amplitude of pupillary unrest, area under the detrended curve of pupillary unrest and period of pupillary unrest – parameters of pupillary unrest; factor 3 fusion frequency of pupillary response following flicker stimuli and latency time of pupillary light reflex – second order dynamic parameters. Factor analysis was then applied to investigate diabetic patients with a high percentage of autonomic neuropathic participants (about 39 % had pupillary and about 35 % had cardiorespiratory function disorders), which revealed the same three factors as those identified in normal subjects. Furthermore, an age-related database of parameters of pupillary unrest is given. It demonstrates that normal subjects and diabetic patients did not differ in the period of pupillary unrest (normal vs diabetic (mean ± SEM): 1550±29 vs 1536±27 ms; 2p〉0.5). The difference in amplitude (47.8±2.8 vs 41.0±2.6 % percentile; 2p =0.071) and area under the detrended curve of pupillary unrest (47.9±2.8 vs 40.8±2.6 % percentile, 2p =0.062) seems to show a trend but was not significant. In conclusion, factor analysis revealed three different pupillary test factors. From the comparison of normal and diabetic subjects factor 1 which accounts for the highest percentage of variance (≅ 43 %) and factor 3 (≅12 %) appear to be useful for investigating the pupillary light reflex. Factor 2 is not useful because of the insignificant differences between the normal and diabetic group. From factor analysis and partial correlation we believe that pupillary autonomic function in diabetic patients can be best assessed by using only two parameters, maximal pupillary area and latency time. [Diabetologia (1994) 37: 414–419]
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00408480
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Healing response to non-surgical periodontal therapy in patients with diabetes mellitus: clinical, microbiological, and immunologic results (1998)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of clinical periodontology 25 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-051X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. The aim of the present study was to monitor clinical, microbiological, medical, and immunological effects of non-surgical periodontal therapy in diabetics Lind healthy controls. 20 IDDM (insulin dependent. n= l) or NIDDM (non-insulin dependent. n= 13) diabetic patients (median duration 11.5 years, range of HbA1C: 4.4–10.6%) with moderate to advanced periodontal disease and 20 matched healthy control patients, were subjected to supragingival pretreatment and subsequent subgingival therapy Periodontal examinations (API. PBI, BOP. PPD, PAL), microbiological examinations (culture), medical routine examinations, and immunological examinations (oxidative burst response of PMNs to TNF-α and FMLP) were performed at baseline, 2 weeks after supragingival, and 4 months after subgingival therapy. 4 months after completion of non-surgical therapy, the following compared to baseline significant (p≤0.05) changes (Δ) of clinical parameters (median) were found in diabetic patients versus control patients: JAPI (30.4% versus 36.3%), ΔPBI (22.9% versus 24.2%), ΔBOP (39.5% versus 46.9%). The median % per patient of pockets with PPD≥4 mm decreased from 41.9% to 28.3% in diabetics, and from 41.6% to 31.8% in controls. Microbiologically. similar reductions of periopathogenic bacteria were found in diabetics and controls. Neither periodontal data nor the oxidative burst response of PMNs showed any significant difference (p 〉0.05) between diabetics and control patients. In this study, periodontal therapy had no significant influence on medical data of diabetics. In conclusion, this study indicates that metabolically well-controlled diabetics might respond to non-surgical periodontal therapy as well as healthy control patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-051X.1998.tb02417.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Splenic haematopoiesis in patients with cirrhosis of the liver (1987)
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 411 (1987), S. 179-183 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Cirrhosis of the liver ; Extramedullary haematopoiesis ; Spleen
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Hitherto it has generally been assumed that splenic haematopoiesis in adult humans occurs very infrequently and is predominantly associated with haematological disorders. In the present study of patients with cirrhosis of the liver, a marked splenic haematopoiesis was a constant finding. Moreover, low-level splenic erythro- and granulopoiesis was highly prevalent even in haematologically normal controls, while splenic thrombopoiesis was conspicuously absent in both groups. We suggest that splenic haematopoiesis results from entrapment and proliferation of circulating haematopoietic precursor cells in the splenic red pulp. This would account for the presence of splenic haematopoiesis in normal controls as well as in patients with cirrhosis of the liver. In the latter, stimulation of bone marrow haematopoiesis and increased splenic pooling of haematopoietic precursor cells may contribute to the marked increase of splenic haematopoiesis observed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00712742
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Human atrial natriuretic peptide in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus: is it related to the development of diabetic nephropathy? (1993)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 71 (1993), S. 604-609 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Human atrial natriuretic peptide ; Diabetic nephropathy ; Urinary albumin excretion ; Hypertension ; Metabolic control
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary There is controversy as to whether increased plasma levels of human atrial natriuretic peptide (hANP) in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus may contribute to the development of diabetic nephropathy. Therefore, we decided to conduct two studies to examine the relationship of hANP levels to urinary albumin excretion and blood pressure. In a cross-sectional study, 83 randomly selected type 1 diabetic patients were investigated. 19 of the patients had increased urinary albumin excretion. 45 healthy volunteers served as controls. In a longitudinal study, 19 type 1 diabetic patients were examined for one year at monthly intervals. An increased risk of eventually developing diabetic nephropathy was identified in 7 out of these patients by repeatedly revealing increased urinary albumin excretion. On the average, hANP levels were increased in type 1 diabetic patients in comparison to controls (P 〈 0.001). In both studies, hANP levels were positively related (P 〈 0.05) to mean arterial blood pressure. There was no correlation between hANP levels and metabolic control. hANP levels lay within normal range irrespective of normal or elevated urinary albumin excretion provided that mean arterial blood pressure was normal. In the longitudinal study, increased urinary albumin and alpha-1-microglobulin excretion preceded the increase in both hANP levels and mean arterial blood pressure. Although hANP levels were evidently not related to the disease mechanisms of early diabetic nephropathy, it is tempting to speculate that hANP may contribute to the vicious circle connecting diabetic kidney disease to hypertension once that its levels are increased by elevated blood pressure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00184483
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