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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High resolution real-time B-mode echotomography in the diagnosis of extracranial carotid lesions. Comparison with traditional angiography (1987)
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 84 (1987), S. 43-47 
    Details
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Echotomography ; traditional angiography ; atherosclerosis ; carotid lesions
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Sixty-three patients (115 carotid arteries) have been examined first by Dopplersonography, then by echotomography and finally by angiography using the Seldinger technique. The comparison between echotomography and angiography showed a sensitivity of 0.9, a specificity of 0.7 and a accuracy of 0.8. There have been 15 false positive results; in 14 of them the lesions were lower than 10% of lumen reduction and in one case there was a 10–45% stenosis. It seems that echotomography can better estimate lower degree lesions. It was difficult for echotomography to detect correctly the presence of an occlusion and to evaluate the surface aspect mainly in the presence of ulcerations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01456350
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    5HT2 receptors in cerebral cortex of migraineurs studied using PET and 18F-fluorosetoperone (1995)
    USA/Oxford, UK : American Association for the Study of Headache/Blackwell Science Ltd
    Cephalalgia 15 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-2982
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Since the brain 5HT2 receptors might be implicated in migraine pathogenesis, we have used positron emission tomography and 18F-fluorosetoperone, a 5HT2 specific radioligand, to investigate in vivo the cortical 5HT2 receptors in migraine subjects. Nine migraineurs who had either migraine with and without aura (n = 5) or only migraine without aura (n = 4) were studied between attacks. Twelve unmedicated healthy subjects of similar mean age were used as controls. Brain radioactivity was measured after 18F-setoperone IV injection for 90 min. A decrease of the regional specific distribution volumes (SDV) of the ligand was observed both in migraineurs and in controls. The age adjusted group means of SDV did not differ between patients and controls for the whole and for the right or left frontal, temporal, parietal and occipital cortex. These results suggest that cortical 5HT2 receptors may be unaltered between attacks in migraine sufferers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1468-2982.1995.015002104.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    In Vivo Imaging of Human Cerebral Acetylcholinesterase (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 67 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: We report here the first positron emission tomography (PET) images showing the in vivo regional distribution of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in human brain. The study was carried out in eight healthy human volunteers using as a tracer [11C]physostigmine ([11C]PHY), an inhibitor of AChE. After intravenous injection of [11C]PHY, radioactivity was rapidly taken up in brain tissue and reached maximal uptake within a few minutes, following a regional pattern mostly related to cerebral perfusion. After the peak, the cerebral radioactivity gradually decreased with a half-life varying from 20 to 35 min, depending on the brain structure. [11C]PHY retention was higher in regions rich in AChE, such as the striatum (half-life, 35 min), than in regions poor in AChE, such as the cerebral cortex (half-life, 20 min). At later times (25–35 min postinjection), the cerebral distribution of [11C]PHY was typical of AChE activity: putamen-caudate 〉 cerebellum 〉 brainstem 〉 thalamus 〉 cerebral cortex, with a striatal to cortex ratio of 2. These results suggest that PET studies with [11C]PHY can provide in vivo brain mapping of human AChE and are promising for the study of changes in AChE levels associated with neurodegenerative diseases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1471-4159.1996.67020876.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Marchiafava-Bignami disease with dementia: Severe cerebral metabolic depression revealed by PET (1994)
    Springer
    Journal of neural transmission 8 (1994), S. 131-137 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1463
    Keywords: Marchiafava-Bignami disease ; corpus callosum ; brain glucose utilization ; Positron Emission Tomography ; alcoholism
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The Cerebral Metabolic Rate of Glucose (CMRGlu) was measured with positron emission tomography and18F-FDG in a patient with Marchiafava-Bignami Disease (MBD)-related dementia. Despite MRI evidence of lesions essentially limited to the corpus callosum (CC), but consistent with the cognitive pattern of cortical dementia, the CMRGlu was markedly reduced in the frontal and temporo-parieto-occipital association cortices. Disruption of cortico-cortical networks crossing the CC presumably contributed to, but may not in and by itself explain, the severity of the clinicalmetabolic findings in this patient. An additional role could be played by microscopic white matter lesions and/or neocortical neuronal loss, which have been occasionnally observed in post-mortem studies of MBD patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02250924
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Remote metabolic effects of cerebrovascular lesions: magnetic resonance and positron tomography imaging (1987)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 29 (1987), S. 1-6 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Positron emission tomography ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Cerebrovascular disease
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Combined Positron Emission Tomography (PET) and Proton Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) study were performed in six patients with chronic supratentorial stroke to investigate whether remote hypometabolic regions revealed by PET showed any abnormality on MRI. Either regional oxygen consumption (n=4) or glucose utilization (n=2) were measured using PET and the 15O steady state 18FGD technique, respectively. Four patients, with deeply located brain lesions, showed a significant metabolic reduction in the overlying cerebral cortex. In the remaining two patients, affected by a large cortical infarct, there was a significant crossed cerebellar hypometabolism. The MRI weighted by the parameters spin density (ϱ), spin lattice (T1) and spin-spin (T2) relaxation times were obtained employing various sequences in the same subjects. In no patient did the MRI show any contrast modification in these hypometabolic remote regions, suggesting that subtle loss of tissue and/or biochemical change do not underlie the reduction in metabolic rate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00341027
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Intracranial arachnoid cysts in myotonic dystrophy (1991)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 33 (1991), S. 258-259 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Myotonic dystrophy ; Arachnoid cyst ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Clinically apparent brain dysfunction is common in myotonic dystrophy. In a sample of fourteen adult patients with the definite form of this disease, brain magnetic resonance imaging detected frequent white matter abnormalities and ventriculomegaly. In addition, two patients exhibited an intracranial arachnoid cyst, a condition of neurosurgical interest that could be related to the generalized dysmaturational process present in this disease. Patients with myotonic dystrophy deserve a careful screening for brain involvement. Further MRI studies should ascertain the actual prevalence of brain anomalies in myotonic dystrophy and define the role of this procedure in the workup of this disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00588231
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rapid measurement of regional cerebral blood flow in the baboon using15O-labelled water and dynamic positron emission tomography (1993)
    Springer
    Medical & biological engineering & computing 31 (1993), S. 495-502 
    Details
    ISSN: 1741-0444
    Keywords: Baboon ; Bolus injection ; CO2 reactivity ; 15O-labelled water ; Positron emission tomography ; Regional cerebral blood flow
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The sensitivity and reproducibility of rapid measurements of regional cerebral flow (rCBF) using a bolus injection of H2 15O and dynamic positron emission tomography (PET) were investigated in anaesthetised baboons. The cerebrovascular reactivity to changes in arterial pCO2 was used as an experimental support. PET data were acquired over 4 min following a single bolus intravenous injection of H2 15O, while arterial blood was withdrawn for continuous activity counting. Images were reconstructed with a dynamic sequence of 45×2s+15×10s, including a correction for decay. Regional values of CBF were derived from non-linear least-squares fits of the time activity curves using a four-parameter two-compartment model. The results obtained with a four-parameter fitting method were compared with those obtained with two other rapid estimation methods, first fitting two parameters only, CBF and partition coefficient (p), and secondly autoradiography (with p fixed at 0·95 ml brain ml blood−1). Twelve regions of interest were analysed. The values for the basal CBF obtained from 13 measurements in two baboons were close to published values obtained with other techniques. Reproducibility checks showed a mean variation of 9·7 per cent. The CBF measurements performed in hypercapnic conditions gave results similar to published data in other animal species, showing a 4·5±0·9 per cent increase in CBF per mm Hg paCO2. The results obtained with the three estimation techniques were closely correlated. The dynamic bolus H2 15O method appeared to be suitable for high blood flow measurements.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02441985
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