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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-1173
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Tryptase ; Anaphylaxie ; Tissue-Remodeling ; Hauterkrankungen ; Key words Tryptase ; Anaphylaxis ; Tissue remodeling ; Skin disorders
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The serin protease tryptase (ECNr. 3.4.21.59), which is almost exclusively expressed in mast cells, is released by mast cell degranulation in an enzymatically active form together with other mediators, e.g. histamine, into the extracellular space and the circulation. The capability of the enzyme to directly stimulate several cell types as well as to cleave polypeptide hormones and to activate pro-enzymes suggests a role for tryptase in inflammatory and tissue-remodeling processes. Therefore, in the skin, a role of tryptase is suggested not only in mastocytosis and immediate type hypersensitivity reactions, but also in other inflammatory diseases, degenerative or neoplastic conditions as well as in wound healing, where an accumulation and/or activation of mast cells is found. Extracellular tryptase may be superior to histamine as a parameter for the onset and course of immediate type reactions and as an indicator for the activation of mast cells in other conditions. Its absence during histamine-liberating reactions may suggest basophil activation. In addition, tryptase has been shown to be a sensitive and specific marker for the localization of mast cells in tissues.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Die nahezu ausschließlich in Mastzellen exprimierte Serinprotease Tryptase (EC Nr. 3.4.21.59) wird in enzymatisch aktiver Form, gemeinsam mit anderen Mediatoren wie Histamin, während der Mastzelldegranulation in den Extrazellulärraum und die Zirkulation freigesetzt. Aufgrund der Fähigkeit, andere Zellen zu stimulieren, Polypeptid-Hormone zu spalten und Pro-Enzyme zu aktivieren, wird dem Enzym eine Funktion bei Entzündungs- und „Tissue-remodeling”-Vorgängen, d.h. Auf- und Umbau von Gewebe, zugeschrieben. Deswegen könnte Tryptase in der Haut außer bei Mastozytosen und Soforttypreaktionen auch bei weiteren entzündlichen, tumorartigen oder degenerativen Erkrankungen sowie Wundheilungsvorgängen eine Rolle spielen, bei denen Mastzellen akkumulieren und/oder aktiviert werden. Als Marker und Verlaufsparameter von Soforttypreaktionen sowie als Indikator einer Mastzellaktivierung bei anderen Erkrankungen ist extrazelluläre Tryptase offensichtlich empfindlicher und spezifischer als Histamin. Ihre Abwesenheit bei histamin-liberierenden Reaktionen legt eine mögliche Aktivierung von Basophilen nahe. Darüberhinaus ist Tryptase ein sensitiver und spezifischer Marker zur Lokalisation von Mastzellen im Gewebe.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1468-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Objectives To investigate the therapeutic efficacy of acitretin + PUVA compared to placebo + PUVA in terms of improvement assessed by the Psoriasis Severity Index (PSI) and total UVA dosage.Design Double-blind, randomized, parallel, multicenter study over 8 weeks.Indication Generalized chronic plaque or exanthematic type of psoriasis severe enough to require PUVA treatment.Targets Decrease of PSI at the end of the study; response defined as improvement of PSI≥ 75% with respect to baseline, total UVA dosage applied and UVA dosage applied up to response.Statistical methods PSI changes (baseline up to end of treatment) in the two groups were compared at the 5% significance level using the Kolmogoroff-Smirnoff test (2-tailed). In addition, descriptive statistics for comparison of response rates (Chi2 test) and total UVA dosage as well as UVA dosage applied up to response (life-table analysis by Kaplan-Meier) were performed.Results Patients Forty patients (36 males. 4 females) in the placebo + PUVA and 43 patients (32 males, 11 females) in the placebo + PUVA group were investigated for efficacy. Twenty-three patients of the acitretin + PUVA group and 25 patients of the placebo + PUVA group ceased treatment prematurely. PSI The median PSI decrease was 24 (89%) score points in the acitretin + PUVA group and 21 (83%) in the placebo + PUVA group (P 〉 0.05, Kolmogoroff-Smirnoff test). The response rate was 34 out of 40 (85%; 95% CI 70-94%) in the acitretin + PUVA group and 26 out of 43 (60%; 95% CI 44–75%) in the placebo + PUVA group (P= 0.013. Chi2 test: descriptive). Complete remission The clinical outcome as assessed by the investigator was complete remission in 28 patients of the acitretin + PUVA group and 19 patients of the placebo + PUVA group. Premature discontinuation of treatment due to complete remission was possible in 16 patients of the acitretin + PUVA group and 11 patients of the placebo + PUVA group. UVA dosage The total UVA dose applied was 77.6 J/cm2 (SEM = 9.2 J/cm2) in the acitretin + PUVA group and 73.0 I/cm2 (SEM = 7.2 J/cm2) in the placebo + PUVA group. The median UVA dose up to response was 52.0 J/cm2 in the acitretin + PUVA group and 74.5 J/cm2 in the placebo + PUVA group. Tolerability In both treatment groups, adverse events were frequent. Mucocutaneous adverse events, such as dry lips, mouth and nose and dryness and scaling of the skin, were the most common complaints in both groups, but more pronounced in the acitretin + PUVA group. Treatment of adverse events included mainly indifferent ointments, non-steroidal, anti-inflammatory drugs and anti-puritic agents and tranquilizers. Treatment had to be discontinued due to adverse events in three patients of each group. In the acitretin + PUVA group, the reasons were acral-bullous photodermatosis due to PUVA, increased liver enzymes and increased triglycerides, respectively. In the placebo + PUVA group, one patient developed sensori-neural loss of hearing, one stomach pain, nausea and colics of the upper abdomen and one increased triglycerides, cholesterol and liver enzymes.Conclusions Difference in improvement of the PSI was not statistically significant between the acitretin + PUVA and the placebo + PUVA groups. However, the response rates (75% PSI decrease) and complete remission as assessed by the investigator for acitretin + PUVA was superior to PUVA alone. The UVA-saving effect could not be confirmed although the UVA dose applied up to response was less in the acitretin + PUVA group. Overall, acitretin was found to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of PUVA in patients with severe psoriasis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Contact dermatitis 18 (1988), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1600-0536
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: A standard patch test series was tested for 7 years (1977–1983) in a total of 11,962 patients. The annual frequency of positive reactions to the compounds tested was assessed for the total and for males and females separately. During the observation period, there were significant increases in positive reactions in the total group from 6.2% to 12.7% for nickel sulphate. from 5,3% lo 7.0% fur balsam of Peru and from 3.8% to 6.5% for potassium dichromate, reflecting significant changes in both sexes. The frequency of positive reactions to wool alcohols, formaldehyde, neomycin sulphate, paraben mix and gentamycin sulphate significantly increased, while that of positive reactions to clioquinol, mercuric chloride arid turpentine peroxide significantly decreased in cither males or females, sometimes leading to significantly changes in the total group.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Copenhagen : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Contact dermatitis 45 (2001), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1600-0536
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Contact dermatitis 38 (1998), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1600-0536
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Photodynamic laser therapy, using topical δxs-aminolevul-inic acid (d-ALA), is a method of treating superficial cancers and precancers (1–5). In this form, the chemical is usually well tolerated (2), which has also been shown in animals (6).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Contact dermatitis 14 (1986), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1600-0536
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Contact dermatitis 10 (1984), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1600-0536
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1600-0536
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Causes of allergic contact reactions of the eye region include topical medicaments, contact lens solutions, eye cosmetics and contaminated towels, pillows or fingers (1–3). Lesions may also arise from airborne or systemic contact, as well as photocontact dermatitis (4, 5). Ophthalmic drugs contain a wide range of potential allergens (6, 7).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Contact dermatitis 13 (1985), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1600-0536
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Contact dermatitis 36 (1997), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1600-0536
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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