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  • 1
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Inflammation research 47 (1998), S. 64-65 
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-055X
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Flüssigkeitsfiltrationskapazität ; Narkoseeinleitung ; Epiduralanästhesie ; Gefäßchirurgie ; Volumensubstitution ; Key words Microvascular permeability ; Vascular surgery ; Induction of anaesthesia ; Epidural anaesthesia ; Volume replacement
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract Patients undergoing major vascular surgery frequently require a substantial intraoperative fluid replacement to assure hemodynamic stability, which is in excess of the expected fluid requirements due to starving, blood and insensible losses. This leads to a positive fluid balance which can not be readily explained. Method: We have used venous congestion plethysmography (VCP) a non-invasive method for measurement of microvascular parameters in limbs to investigate the changes in microvascular permeability (FFK) and the balance of Starling forces of patients undergoing surgery for unilateral femoral artery reconstruction (FEM) under epidural anaesthesia or abdominal aortic aneurysm repair (AAA) under general anaesthesia. The control group consisted of patients scheduled for inguinal hernia repair or hand surgery under general anaesthesia. All patients were measured 24 hours pre-operatively, immediately after the induction of anaesthesia or completion of epidural anaesthesia and on the 1st. 5th and 10th postoperative day. The perioperative patient management followed a standard protocol and all patients with vascular disease were invasively monitored using indwelling arterial lines and central venous catheters. Continuous infusion of Ringers lactate and 6% Dextran 60 was sustained during the induction period. Each patient gave informed consent. Results: Preoperatively we found no significant difference in the mean FFK- values of controls (4.1±0.4, ml. min−1 100 ml tissue−1 mmHg−1×10−3=FFKU), the AAA (3.6±0.3 FFKU) and FEM (4.2±0.3 FFKU). After induction of anaesthesia the mean FFK value in the controls fell to 3.5±0.5 FFKU (p=0.07), whereas in the AAA patients we observed a significant increase to 4.7±0.2 FFKU (p〈 0.005) and after epidural anaesthesia in FEM to 5.5±0.4 FFKU (p〈0.001) respectively. Those post anaesthetic FFK values where significantly higher in FEM and AAA than in the controls (p〈0.02). In AAA we found a significant positive correlation between the increase in FFK and the intraoperative fluid balance (r2=0.69, p〈0.01). No such correlation was found in controls and FEM. The postoperative values of FFK where unchanged in the control group, whereas a further increase was seen in both patient groups with vascular disease, with a maximum in AAA on the 1st postoperative day (to 5.4±0.4 FFKU mean both legs) and the 5th postoperative day in FEM (to 7.3±1.7 non-ischemic leg, 7.1±1.2 ischemic leg FFKU). In both groups normal FFK values where found on the 10th day after the operation. Conclusion: The data presented suggests an increase in extravascular fluid loss in patients undergoing vascular surgery, which becomes evident after the induction of general anaesthesia or completion of epidural anaesthesia. The positive correlation with the intraoperative fluid requirements may partially explain the often reported large intraoperative fluid requirements of patients undergoing AAA repair. The fact that the maximum change in fluid filtration capacity is found postoperatively may be explained by the additional effect of an ischemia/reperfusion injury in response to both the clamping an declamping of the artery and the increase in arterial blood flow to the limb due to the successful reconstruction of the blood vessel.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Patienten, die sich einer gefäßchirurgischen Operation unterziehen müssen, benötigen intraoperativ häufig weit mehr Flüssigkeit als durch präoperative Nüchternheit, intraoperative Flüssigkeitsverluste und Beatmung zu erwarten ist. Veränderungen der Starlingkräfte – insbesondere der Gefäßpermeabilität – spielen hier möglicherweise eine Rolle, ohne daß diese bisher näher untersucht wurden. Methode: Wir verwendeten die von uns entwickelte venöse Kompressionsplethysmographie (VKP), um perioperative Veränderungen der Flüssigkeitsfiltrationskapazität (FFK) (Maß der Gefäßpermeabilität) zu untersuchen. FFK wurde bei 3 Patientengruppen untersucht, nämlich 11 Patienten, die sich einer Resektion eines Bauchaortenaneurysmas in Allgemeinanästhesie unterziehen mußten (BAA), 8 Patienten, die eine einseitige Rekonstruktion der A. femoralis in Epiduralanästhesie erhielten (FEM) und eine Kontrollgruppe von 12 jungen gesunden Patienten, die eine Allgemeinanästhesie für die Operation einer Leistenhernie oder einen handchirurgischen Eingriff benötigten. Die Messungen erfolgten präoperativ, nach Narkoseeinleitung bzw. Vervollständigen der Epiduralanästhesie, am 1., 5. und 10. postoperativen Tag. Ergebnisse: Präoperativ bestand kein Unterschied in den FFK-Werten der Kontrollgruppe (4,1±0,4, ml min−1 100 ml Gewebe−1 mm/ Hg−1×10−3=FFKU), BAA (3,6±0,3 FFKU) und FEM (4,2±0,3 FFKU). Nach Narkoseeinleitung fiel die FFK in der Kontrollgruppe auf 3,5±0,5 FFKU (p=0,007), wohingegen sie sowohl bei den BAA-Patienten (4,7±0,2 FFKU, p〈0,005) als auch bei FEM (5,5+0,4 FFKU, p〈0,0001) anstieg. Bei BAA fanden wir eine positive Korrelation zwischen den Veränderungen der FFK und der intraoperativen Flüssigkeitssubstitution (r2=0,69, p〈0,01), die in der Kontrollgruppe und bei FEM nicht beobachtet wurde. Postoperativ wurden in der Kontrollgruppe keine signifikanten Veränderungen der FFK gemessen, wohingegen ein weiterer Anstieg bei beiden gefäßchirurgischen Patientengruppen nachzuweisen war. Dieser erreichte bei den Patienten mit BAA am ersten postoperativen Tag sein Maximum mit (5,4±0,4 FFKU Mittelwert beider Beine) und bei Patienten mit FEM am fünften postoperativen Tag (7,3±1,7 FFKU nicht ischämisches Bein, 7,1±1,2 FFKU ischämisches Bein). Schlußfolgerungen: Die in dieser Untersuchung beobachtete Zunahme der Flüssigkeitsfiltrationskapazität nach Narkoseeinleitung bzw. Epiduralanästhesie bei gefäßchirurgischen Eingriffen erklärt möglicherweise die intraoperativ häufig positive Flüssigkeitsbilanz bei diesen Patienten. Die positive Korrelation der Veränderungen der FFK mit der intraoperativen Flüssigkeitsbilanz bei BAA-Operationen läßt vermuten, daß einige Patienten besonders gefährdet sind, ausgeprägtere intraoperative Flüssigkeitsverschiebung zu erleiden. Inwieweit die verwendeten Medikamente und intravenösen Flüssigkeitstherapien hier eine Rolle spielen, muß in weiteren Untersuchungen geklärt werden. Wir vermuten, daß die postoperative Zunahme der FFK auf einen Ischämie/Reperfusionsschaden, bedingt durch das intraoperativ notwendige Abklemmen der betroffenen Arterie und die plötzlich verbesserte Perfusion der vormals chronisch ischämischen Extremität, zurückzuführen ist.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Lung 82 (1933), S. 438-458 
    ISSN: 1432-1750
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Lung 98 (1942), S. 544-551 
    ISSN: 1432-1750
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Zusammenfassung An Hand von 3 ausführlicher beschriebenen Fällen versuchten wir, 1. den Einfluß von seelischen Erschütterungen auf den Verlauf einer Tuberkulose festzustellen und 2. den inneren Zusammenhang zwischen dem Konstitutionstyp und der Art der Verarbeitung von psychischen Traumen zu zeigen, woraus sich Richtlinien für die psychotherapeutische Beeinflussung des tuberkulös Erkrankten ergeben.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of toxicology 59 (1986), S. 61-63 
    ISSN: 1432-0738
    Keywords: Acute selenium poisoning ; Normal selenium values ; Analytical procedure ; Industrial accident
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Neutralizing selenic acid with caustic soda caused a hyperintensive exothermic reaction, with about 450 1 of the reaction mixture erupting in a factory hall. A 44-year-old industrial worker was fatally intoxicated, suffering from second-degree skin burns, necrosis of oral mucous membranes and hemorrhagic lung edema. He died 90 min later. Analysis of body fluids and tissue samples showed high selenium concentrations in blood serum, urine, stomach content and lungs. The analytical results are discussed in comparison with normal selenium levels of non-exposed groups.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford BSL : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 29 (1999), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background    Mast cell activation has been assumed to play a role in dermal neurogenic inflammation: C fibre-derived neuropeptides activating mast cells and releasing histamine, which in turn would activate C fibres. Objective    To test this hypothesis mast cell tryptase (MCT) was measured inside the axon reflex flare area. Axon reflexes were elicited by histamine or compound 48/80, a polyanionic mast cell-degranulating substance. The time course of plasma extravasation and release of histamine and MCT from dermal mast cells in neurogenic inflammation was measured in vivo by intradermal microdialysis in humans. Methods    Single hollow plasmapheresis fibres (pore cutoff size: 3000 kDa) were inserted intracutaneously at the volar forearm and perfused with Ringer’s solution (4 μL/min) with one microdialysis fibre located at the planned stimulation site and a second inside the axon reflex area. Neurogenic inflammation was induced by intraprobe delivery of either histamine or the mast cell-degranulating agent compound 48/80. Mediator release was measured at the stimulation sites and inside the arising axon reflex flare area. Results    Mast cell degranulation induced marked plasma protein extravasation (PPE 0.25 ± 0.04–1.31 ± 0.6 mg/mL; pre- and post-stimulation, mean ± sem, n = 7) and release of histamine (2.0 ± 0.9–38.7 ± 1.4 ng/mL) and MCT (9.84 ± 2.4–92.2 ± 21.6 ng/mL). Interestingly, in addition to increasing PPE (0.33 ± 0.11–1.85 ± 0.9 mg/mL), histamine also induced a slight but significant increase in MCT (11.3 ± 3.0–12.4 ± 2.3 ng/mL). No evidence for mast cell activation was observed inside the axon reflex areas, where PPE (0.34 ± 0.03–0.25 ± 0.02 mg/mL), histamine (1.64 ± 0.5–1.46 ± 0.4 ng/mL) and MCT concentration (11.6 ± 3.1–7.6 ± 1.7 ng/mL) gradually decreased. Conclusion    It is concluded that dermal neurogenic inflammation does not degranulate mast cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Optics Communications 102 (1993), S. 257-264 
    ISSN: 0030-4018
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Solid State Electronics 9 (1966), S. 83-84 
    ISSN: 0038-1101
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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