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  • 1
    ISSN: 1435-2451
    Keywords: Nitroblue-tetrazolium test ; Nylon column dye test ; Function of granulocytes ; Postoperative infections
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die klinische Anwendung eines einfachen Nitroblau-Tetrazolium (NBT)-Tests zur Überprüfung der „Killing-Funktion” von Granulocyten bei Patienten mit unterschiedlichen operativen Eingriffen wird beschrieben. Bereits präoperativ beobachtete Abweichungen der NBT-Reduktionskapazität von Granulocyten gegenüber zugrundegelegten Normwerten korrelieren dabei mit dem Auftreten postoperativ infektiöser Komplikationen. Den Befunden zufolge könnte diesem NBT-Test als „grobem Indikator” der Granulocytenfunktion eine Prädiktabilität für Risikopatienten zukommen.
    Notes: Summary The clinical application of a simple quantitative NBT-test to investigate the „killing function” of granulocytes in surgical patients with various underlying diseases is described. In this test preoperative patients showing a decreased NBT-reduction in their leucocytes always developed infectious complications after surgery. Taken together, these results indicate that the NBT-test could be used as a „simple indicator” of the granulocyte function in respect to the predictability for patients with high risk of infection.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1435-2451
    Keywords: Key words Head and neck neoplasms ; Enteral resection ; Jejunal autotransplantation ; Reconstruction of the oropharyngeal cavity ; Schlüsselwörter Mundhöhlenkarzinom ; Dünndarmresektion ; Jejunum Autotransplantation ; Rekonstruktion der Mundhöhle
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die Rekonstruktion im Mundhöhlen-, Pharynx- und im kranialen Ösophagusbereich nach ausgedehnten, radikalen Tumorresektionen stellt eine interdisziplinäre Herausforderung dar. Eine vielfach favorisierte Technik ist die rekonstruktive Jejunumautotransplantation, bei welcher der Abdominalchirurg mit der Gewinnung des Autotransplantats beauftragt ist. Die Notwendigkeit des zusätzlichen Abdominaleingriffs macht die vorgestellte Analyse der perioperativen Komplikationen bei der Jejunumentnahme notwendig. Zusätzlich wurden 35 von 66 noch lebenden Patienten mit einem Nachuntersuchungsintervall von durchschnittlich 21 (2–63) Monaten bezüglich abdominaler Spätkomplikationen evaluiert. Bei 90 wegen eines Malignoms der Mundhöhle oder des Oropharynx operierten Patienten war die perioperative Letalität 7,8% (7/90), in keinem Fall auf Basis einer entnahmeassoziierten abdominalen Komplikation. Eine abdominale Revision erfolgte wegen subkutaner Bauchdeckendehiszenz. Aus nicht mit der Dünndarmentnahme in direktem Zusammenhang stehender Ursache mußten 4 Patienten relaparotomiert werden (2 noch während des Krankenhausaufenthalts, 2 Patienten nach erfolgter Entlassung). Bei 5 Patienten wurden konservativ behandelbare minimale Komplikationen festgestellt. Die Nachuntersuchung zeigte außer in 6 Fällen mit kleinen Narbenhernien keine Spätkomplikationen auf. Insgesamt ist festzuhalten, daß trotz des zumeist erhöhten perioperativen Risikos dieses Patientenguts die Komplikationsrate des zusätzlichen Abdominaleingriffs zur Gewinnung des optimalen Rekonstruktionsgewebes gering und vertretbar erscheint.
    Notes: Abstract Reconstruction after radical tumor resection in the oropharyngeal region still represents an interdisciplinary challenge. Autotransplantation of the jejunum is a popular procedure, in which the abdominal surgeon's main task is that of harvesting enteral tissue. To evaluate this technique, a careful analysis of accompanying perioperative abdominal complications was performed. Additionally, we reexamined 35 of 66 patients still living after a follow-up period of 21 (range 2–63) months on average. The perioperative mortality of 90 patients treated for oropharyngeal malignancy using the described procedure was 7.8%. None of the perioperative deaths was caused by an abdominal complication associated with enteral resection. One abdominal reoperation was performed because of abdominal wall dehiscence. For reasons not related to enteral resection, four further patients had to be relaparotomized, two of them during their hospital stay and two after leaving hospital. In five cases we observed minor complications which could be treated nonsurgically. In the follow-up reexamination we detected no abdominal late-onset complication except small incisional hernias in six cases. Finally, we concluded that despite an elevated overall operative risk in this population, complications owing to jejunal resection were comparably low. The data regarding the rate of complications classify jejunal resection as a safe procedure for reconstructive purposes in patients suffering from oropharyngeal malignancy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular histology 24 (1992), S. 869-877 
    ISSN: 1573-6865
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The localization of CD15 (synonyms: stage-specific embryonic antigen-1 (SSEA-1), 3(α)-fucosyl-N-acetyl-lactosamine or FAL), which is implicated in neuronal differentiation, in the developing dorsal rat spinal cord was studied by immunocytochemistry. A embryonal day 9 (E9), SSEA-1 was detected in the neural ectoderm and, at E11, in cells near the ventricle of the matrix layer. This localization indicated that SSEA-1 is present in proliferating premigratory cells of the rat spinal cord. Between E12 and E16, cells of the alar plate expressed SSEA-1. Expression of the antigen was restricted to neuroblasts that will form the dorsal horn. SSEA-1, therefore, can be used at this stage as a marker for a subdivision of the matrix layer. At E14, the dorsal root entrance zone showed SSEA-1. This indicated that SSEA-1 is associated with ingrowing primary afferents. From E16 on, SSEA-1 was present in the dorsal raphe, which suggested a function for SSEA-1 in the guidance of developing fibres. After E17, the antigen was also found within the dorsal mantle layer. SSEA-1 was first present in Rexed's laminae II, IV and V. Later on in development the antigen was detected only in Rexed's laminae II (substantia gelatinosa). These distribution patterns indicated that SSEA-1 is present on migratory and/or postmigratory cells. In addition, SSEA-1 is associated with small-diameter dorsal root fibres, the C fibres and A(∂) fibres, that terminate within the substantia gelatinosa. After birth SSEA-1 was present throughout the dorsal horn, probably as a result of the myelination of the fibres.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Monatsschrift Kinderheilkunde 145 (1997), S. 938-944 
    ISSN: 1433-0474
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Die prompte Diagnose der Kindertuberkulose ist wahrscheinlich eines der schwierigsten klinischen Probleme für den Pädiater [6, 16], kann aber für eine gute Prognose entscheidend sein [5, 7, 14]. Wo Kindertuberkulose eher selten ist, können fehlender Verdacht, zu geringe klinische Erfahrung und unklare Richtlinien zur Verzögerung des Behandlungsbeginns führen. Eine verpaßte oder verzögerte Diagnose kann zu unnötigem Leiden oder im Extremfall zum Tod des Patienten führen. Das ist besonders schwerwiegend, weil eine hochwirksame und sichere Behandlung zur Verfügung steht. Die in Deutschland in der Zeit zwischen 1985 und 1994 übliche diagnostische Routine und die Haupterscheinungsformen der Kindertuberkulose bilden zusammen mit aktuellen Empfehlungen und eigenen Erfahrungen aus Heidelberg und Berlin die Grundlage für umfassende Leitlinien zur klinischen Aufarbeitung bei Tuberkuloseverdacht [1, 2, 4, 8–13, 18, 19]. Sie zeigen, welche diagnostischen Schritte je nach Aufnahmegrund durchlaufen werden müssen, um ohne Verzögerungen und Umwege zu einer zuverlässigen Diagnose zu kommen. Die von uns entwickelte Struktur der Flußdiagramme erscheint, bei den jetzt vorhandenen Möglichkeiten, optimal für die Bedingungen eines entwickelten Landes mit niedriger Tuberkuloseprävalenz. Die Flußdiagramme sind gedacht als eine im klinischen Alltag verwendbare Hilfe für ein effektives diagnostisches Vorgehen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of plastic surgery 21 (1998), S. 273-276 
    ISSN: 1435-0130
    Keywords: Key words Free flap ; Antithrombotic therapy ; End-to-end anastomosis ; End-to-side anastomosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  The aim of this study was to compare the influence of two different types of antithrombogenic medication and the technique of anastomosis on flap survival in free tissue transfer. In 81 patients, the postoperative medication was dextran and heparin (Group 1), in 123 patients heparin only (Group 2). After dextran and heparin medication arterial thrombosis occurred in six patients (7.4%), after heparin therapy only in eight patients (6.5%, p=0.79). In 154 patients an arterial end-to-end anastomosis, and in 50 patients an end-to-side anastomosis was performed. Arterial occlusion occurred in 8.9% after end-to-end anastomosis and in no case after end-toside anastomosis (p〈0.02). Total flap necrosis occurred in 11 patients (5%), a partial flap necrosis occurred in three patients (2%). The results suggest that it is only the surgical method of anastomosis which has an influence on the survival rate of free flaps, the postoperative medication has no effect.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of plastic surgery 21 (1998), S. 166-170 
    ISSN: 1435-0130
    Keywords: Key words Mucosa ; Prelamination ; Axial pattern flaps ; Head and neck reconstruction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Until now the microvascular fasciocutaneous radial forearm flap has been one of several methods favoured for reconstruction of intraoral soft tissue defects after radical resection of squamous cell carcinoma. Mucosal reconstruction and lining has been performed by a skin island, this is epidermis and cannot produce mucus. In order to provide mucosal properties and allow mucus production, a distal radial forarm flap has been successfully prelaminated with buccal mucosa in five patients. By this method thin, pliable and resistant flaps have been produced. Due to mucosal spreading, the mucosa lined area was 30–50% larger than the originally inserted mucosal grafts. Preservation of skin and subcutaneous tisssue lowered donor site morbidity. This technique has also been performed in axial pattern flaps; two osteofasciomucosal fibulae and three myomucosal pectoralis major flaps.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1435-0130
    Keywords: Key words Jejunal autotransplantation ; Head and neck carcinoma ; Complications ; Surgery
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  The study was performed to evaluate abdominal complications related to jejunal segment resection for reconstruction after radical oropharyngeal tumor resection. Perioperative complications of 104 patients (median age, 53.7 years; 23 female; 81 male) who underwent surgery for oropharyngeal malignancy after radiochemotherapy and the long-term morbidity of 35 patients after a median follow-up period of 21 months are analyzed. The perioperative mortality was 8.7% (9/104); none of the perioperative deaths was caused by an abdominal complication associated with the jejunal resection. In three cases, repeat laparotomy was performed within 30 days of jejunal autotransplantation: in two of them the reason was not directly associated with bowel resection and one patient had an abdominal wall dehiscence. In six cases there were minor abdominal complications which could be treated nonsurgically. There was no anastomotic leakage, bowel obstruction or postoperative bleeding. In the follow-up re-examination, no late onset abdominal complications were noted except small incisional hernias in six of the 35 patients; only one required a hernia repair. Despite a potentially increased operative risk in these patients, the complication rate after bowel resection for jejunal autotransplantation was low. This is a safe procedure in patients with oropharyngeal carcinoma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1435-0130
    Keywords: Key words Mucosal prelamination ; Radial forearm flap ; Donor site morbidity ; Head and neck reconstruction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  In order to reconstruct intraoral lining defects after radical tumor resection, mucosal prelamination of the fascia of the distal radial forearm flap was performed in ten patients. By this method a physiologic reconstruction with mucus-producing tissue could be achieved. Preservation of skin and subcutaneous tissue enabled primary closure of the donor site. The exposed median nerve and flexor tendons could be covered by well-vascularized tissue with, hopefully, less donor site morbidity. To investigate this, eight prelamination patients were compared to five patients in whom conventional fasciocutaneous distal radial forearm flaps were harvested. Follow-up was 6–25 months (mean 12.8 months). All patients with prelaminated forearm flaps revealed excellent functional and cosmetic results. Restricted hand function and a poor cosmetic result were found in 40% of the fasciocutaneous flap patients. Subjective cold intolerance could be objectified using thermography, but could not be confirmed, using rheography and photoplethysmography.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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