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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Statistical noise due to tunneling in superconducting tunnel junction detectors (1994)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 64 (1994), S. 3169-3171 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We discuss the statistical noise associated with tunneling which is intrinsic to superconducting tunnel junctions. We deduce a simple expression for the noise in the general case where the tunneling probabilities may be dissimilar. The statistical tunneling noise exceeds the Fano-factor limited statistical noise of the quasiparticle creation for most cases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.111328
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Propagation of non-thermal phonons induced by α-particle bombardment in BaF2 (1999)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 85 (1999), S. 1302-1310 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We have measured the time dependence of the flux of non-thermal phonons generated by α particles in a BaF2 single crystal of mass 1 g using a Series Array of Superconducting Tunnel Junctions. Taking advantage of the almost perfect elastic symmetry of BaF2, we approximate the equations of quasidiffusive propagation to give a simple diffusion equation characterized by an effective diffusion coefficient D=KL8/9, where K is a material constant and L the distance between the phonon source and the point of detection. We use this model to perform pulse-shape analysis on our data and show that agreement is excellent, and highly preferred over a ballistic pulse shape. The distributions of values of K determined for different lengths L are found to overlap strongly, in support of the law D=KL8/9. We suggest that pulse-shape analysis may provide an alternative to time-difference measurements to achieve position sensitivity in a phonon-mediated detector based on a BaF2 absorber. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.369261
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of hotspot formation on quasiparticle yields in superconducting aluminium films (1993)
    Springer
    Journal of low temperature physics 93 (1993), S. 555-560 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7357
    Keywords: 74.40.+K ; 29.40.Ym
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Existing models show that any hotspot created in an Al film following a particle interaction is rapidly diluted. Quasiparticles and phonons decouple at high energies so that on short time-scales quasiparticle diffusion determines the energy transport. Few quasiparticles have energies near the energy gap and there is little gap suppression. We have measured the initial quasiparticle yields in very thin Al films and find somewhat surprisingly that this yield is reduced. It appears that a short time-scale quasiparticle loss mechanism, probably associated with localised over-injection, exists as quasiparticles scatter to low energies within the phonon hotspot.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00693475
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Study of non-equilibrium signals in superconducting single crystal niobium (1993)
    Springer
    Journal of low temperature physics 93 (1993), S. 611-616 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7357
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract We are developing a low temperature detector for dark matter based on single crystal superconducting Nb. This work requires a detailed knowledge of the behaviour of phonons and quasiparticles in Nb which arise from particle interactions. We discuss the use of superconducting tunnel junctions (STJs) and series connected arrays of superconducting tunnel junctions (SASTJs) to detect the high energy phonon flux arising from laser and particle interactions. The signal shapes and their variation with temperature for Al-Ox-Al and Sn-Ox-Sn junctions are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00693484
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Modelling the thermalisation of non-equilibrium phonon distributions in bulk single crystals (1993)
    Springer
    Journal of low temperature physics 93 (1993), S. 683-689 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7357
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Differentiation between types of particle interactions in single crystals may be achieved by detecting variation in the frequency distribution of phonons produced. Homogeneous superconducting tunnel junctions of a range of materials can be used to probe phonon distributions above different energy thresholds. The apparent decay times of high energy phonons (and consequently the time evolution of non-equilibrium signals) become significantly altered by the existence of the thermal phonon background. We have developed a model of the behaviour of phonon distributions and studied the way in which initially non-equilibrium distributions (superimposed on thermal distributions) thermalise. Good agreement has been observed between our model and the results obtained with superconducting tunnel junctions observing the phonon flux from laser excitations on Nb single crystals.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00693496
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Superconducting tunnel junctions and quasiparticle trapping (1993)
    Springer
    Journal of low temperature physics 93 (1993), S. 521-532 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7357
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The interaction of a nuclear particle or X-ray with a superconductor leads to the breaking of Cooper pairs and the creation of excess phonons and quasiparticles. The basic physics and the use of superconducting tunnel junctions as detectors of excess quasiparticles are reviewed. For superconducting absorbers of appreciable mass intrinsic limitations require the use of the phenomenon of quasiparticle trapping. The relaxation phonons released in the trapping process can also be detected and they can lead to amplification via further pair breaking. Superconducting tunnel junctions can also detect phonons produced by particle interactions in a substrate absorber. The use of series-connected arrays of junctions to achieve high sensitivity and good energy resolution is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00693471
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