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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-055X
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Intraartikuläres Morphin ; postoperative Analgesie ; Kniegelenksarthroskopie ; Key words Intraarticular morphine ; Knee arthroscopy ; Patient-controlled analgesia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract Previous studies investigating the peripheral action of locally instilled morphine after arthroscopic knee surgery found evidence for an analgesic effect. Follow-up studies have lead to conflicting results.We used patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) to test the analgesic potency of intraarticular morphine. Methods. Patients undergoing arthroscopic knee surgery under general anaesthesia received, after written informed consent and in double-blind and randomised manner, 1 mg morphine diluted in 10 ml saline either intraarticularly or intravenously at the end of the surgical procedure. A control injection of 10 ml saline was given at the other site. The pain intensity on a visual analogue scale (VAS) and the cumulative morphine consumption were recorded at 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8 and 24 h after the end of general anaesthesia. Statistics: Wilcoxon rank sum test with P〈0.05. Results. A total of 59 patients were included in the study; 29 received morphine intraarticularly (verum group), 30 intravenously (control group). There was no difference in gender, age, duration of arthroscopy or anaesthesia. There were more than 60% diagnostic arthroscopies in both groups; other types of surgery were comparable, with the exception of cruciate band repair procedures only in the control group. We found no difference in morphine consumption or pain intensity between the two groups throughout the study period. Median overall consumption of morphine after 24 h was 14 mg in the verum group and 15 mg in the control group, with wide interindividual variation. Pain intensities were remarkably low. The peak pain intensity of both groups was found at 1 h postoperatively, with median 16/100 on the VAS in both groups. Blinding was robust. Conclusion. We found no reduction in postoperative morphine supplementation after 1 mg morphine intraarticularly compared to 1 mg intravenously given at the end of knee arthroscopies. There were also no differences in pain intensities on a VAS. We conclude that titration of postoperative pain with a morphine-filled PCA pump was unable to show a difference in analgesic potency between intraarticular and intravenous morphine.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung In Vorstudien wurde über eine gute analgetische Wirksamkeit von intraartikulär verabreichtem Morphin nach Kniegelenksarthroskopien berichtet. Es war hierin ein Beleg für eine periphere opiatvermittelte Antinozizeption beim Menschen gesehen worden. Wir versuchten, diesen Befund über eine postoperative Nachtitration mit morphingefüllter patientenkontrollierter Analgesiepumpe nachzuvollziehen. Patienten, die sich in Intubationsnarkose arthroskopischen Kniegelenkseingriffen unterzogen, erhielten zum Eingriffsende doppelblind randomisiert eine Dosis von 1 mg Morphinhydrochlorid in 10 ml 0,9% NaCl-Lösung in das Kniegelenk (Verumgruppe) oder intravenös (Kontrollgruppe) appliziert. Postoperativ wurde über eine morphingefüllte PCA-Pumpe der Opiatverbrauch sowie zu vorgegebenen Meßzeitpunkten die subjektive Schmerzstärke auf der visuellen Analogskala (VAS) erhoben. Bei insgesamt 59 Patienten wurde die Studie durchgeführt, 29 in der Verum-, 30 in der Kontrollgruppe. Die beiden Gruppen wurden bezüglich Alter, Geschlecht, Eingriffsdauer sowie Eingriffsart als vergleichbar angesehen. Es konnte kein signifikanter Unterschied im Morphinverbrauch zu den Meßzeitpunkten bis maximal 24 h nach Narkoseende und kein signifikanter Unterschied in den Schmerzstärkeangaben auf der VAS gefunden werden. Sowohl Morphinverbrauch wie auch VAS-Angaben blieben bemerkenswert gering. Anhand einer Nachtitration mit Morphin über PCA-Pumpe konnte eine bessere analgetische Wirksamkeit von Morphin im Kniegelenk nach Arthroskopie im Vergleich zu einer intravenösen Applikation nicht belegt werden.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of legal medicine 109 (1996), S. 213-215 
    ISSN: 1437-1596
    Keywords: Fentanyl ; Sufentanil ; GC/MS/MS ; Hair analysis ; Drug abuse
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Law
    Notes: Abstract Fentanyl and sufentanil are potent narcotic analgesics used only in hospitals as anaesthetic agents. The dependence potential of fentanyl is known. As they are given in doses at the microgram level and their elimination half-life is in the order of a few hours, detection in body fluids is possible only for a short time after administration. Radioimmunological methods are the only ones capable of detecting fentanyl in hair, as normal GC/MS methods for hair analysis are not sensitive enough to detect the drugs after doses in the order of micrograms. We therefore chose GC/MS/MS to analyse fentanyl and sufentanil in two cases where the drugs were given under controlled conditions over several days. The concentration was in the order of less than 100 pg/mg hair.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 473 (1929), S. 126-136 
    ISSN: 0075-4617
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 56 (1923), S. 252-259 
    ISSN: 0365-9631
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 56 (1923), S. 1588-1591 
    ISSN: 0365-9631
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 56 (1923), S. 1583-1588 
    ISSN: 0365-9631
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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