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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lancefield group C Streptococcus dysgalactiae infection responsible for fish mortalities in Japan (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of fish diseases 27 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2761
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: A Lancefield serological group C Streptococcus sp. was isolated from cultured amberjack, Seriola dumerili Risso, and yellowtail, Seriola quinqueradiata Temminck and Schlegel, immunized with Lactococcus garvieae commercial vaccines in Japan. The isolated bacteria were Gram-positive cocci, auto-aggregating in saline, morphologically long chains in growth medium, catalase negative and α-haemolytic on blood agar. An almost complete gene sequence of the 16S rDNA of two isolates was determined and compared with that of bacterial strains in the database. The isolates were identified as Streptococcus dysgalactiae based on the results of the 16S rDNA sequence, the bacteriological properties and the Lancefield serological grouping. Oligonucleotide primers specifically designed for the 16S–23S rDNA intergenic spacer region of S. dysgalactiae amplified a gene from all the fish isolates, as well as the type strains α-haemolytic S. dysgalactiae subsp. dysgalactiae ATCC430738 and β-haemolytic S. dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis ATCC35666, but not those of S. equi ATCC33398, Lactococcus garvieae ATCC43921 and L. garvieae KG9408. The severe necrotic lesions of the caudal peduncle seen in experimentally infected fish were similar to those seen in naturally infected fish.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2761.2004.00591.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of hypoxia on mitochondrial function and energy status in CCl4-induced cirrhotic rat liver (1989)
    Springer
    Research in experimental medicine 189 (1989), S. 153-161 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-8580
    Keywords: Rat ; Liver cirrhosis ; Hypoxia ; Redox state ; Mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylative activity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The influence of hypoxia on hepatic mitochondrial function and energy status was studied in normal and carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced cirrhotic rats. Under hypoxemia of 50 mm Hg-PaO2, hepatic energy status was suppressed both in normal and cirrhotic rats. After the reversal of hypoxia, it was completely restored in normal rats concomitant with a rapid elevation of hepatic mitochondrial redox state (overshoot phenomenon) and increase in the mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylative activity. By contrast, in cirrhotic rats, such an enhancement of mitochondrial function was not observed. It was clarified that cirrhotic liver mitochondria have little capacity to respond to the hypoxic stress. A lower resistance to hypoxic episode in cirrhotics might be attributable to the absence of mitochondrial enhancement which is a compensatory mechanism for the deranged energy metabolism of the liver.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01852163
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis of the ability of arterial ketone body ratio to predict graft outcome after liver transplantation — its sensitivity and specificity (1992)
    Springer
    Transplant international 5 (1992), S. 23-26 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2277
    Keywords: Liver transplantation ; graft prognosis test — Prognosis ; liver transplantation ; ketone body ratio — Arterial ketone body ratio ; prognosis liver graft
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract To evaluate the ability of arterial ketone body ratio (AKBR; acetoacetate/3-hydroxybutyrate) to predict graft prognosis after liver transplantation, the diagnostic value as a predictive index was compared between AKBR and conventional liver function tests using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. The ROC curves were determined for AKBR, GOT, GPT, total bilirubin, serum lactate level, and prothrombin time, all of which were measured on the 1st and 2nd postoperative days in 88 cases of liver transplantation. Comparisons of the areas under the ROC curves between AKBR and other tests revealed the significant superiority of AKBR to other tests in predicting graft death within 1 month after transplantation. The present study suggests that AKBR can be used as an accurate index to predict graft prognosis after liver transplantation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00337185
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evaluation of temporary portal vein arterialization: the minimum arterialized blood flow for maintaining liver viability (1990)
    Springer
    Transplant international 3 (1990), S. 162-166 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2277
    Keywords: Portal vein arterialization ; Arterial ketone body ratio ; Hepatic energy metabolism
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The effect of temporary portal vein arterialization (PVA) on hepatic energy metabolism was investigated by changes in the arterial blood ketone body ratio (KBR) and hepatic energy charge (EC) level in 17 dogs. The KBR decreased markedly after clamping the hepatic hilar vessels combining mesocaval shunt and remained at a low level throughout hepatic ischemia. After PVA, the KBR was rapidly restored and maintained at sufficient levels. EC at 60 min after arterialization also recovered to the preclamping level. By reducing the arterial shunt flow, the critical point of arterialized blood flow for maintaining the KBR at high levels was assessed to be about 10% of the total hepatic blood flow (THBF). These findings demonstrate that temporary PVA is an effective method for maintaining the functional capacity of the liver, and that the minimum arterialized blood flow needed to preserve liver viability is only about 10% of the total hepatic blood flow.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00355464
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Four stages of mitochondrial deterioration in hemorrhagic shock (1981)
    Springer
    Research in experimental medicine 179 (1981), S. 23-33 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-8580
    Keywords: Hemorrhagic shock ; Energy metabolism ; Mitochondria
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary It is of great importance to define the manner in which cells are damaged and how intracellular derangement becomes irreversible during shock. When supply of both oxygen and substrates to cells is limited during shock, cellular energy metabolism of vital organs is severely depressed. In this experiment, the relationship was clarified between the reversibility of shock and the cellular energy status, from the viewpoint of hepatic energy charge, mitochondrial redox state, ATP synthesis of isolated mitochondria, and fragility of mitochondrial membrane in rat livers. The derangement of energy metabolism passed through a series of four stages during hemorrhagic shock. At Stage I (initial stage), the cellular energy level decreased greatly due to marked energy consumption, without any organic damages in the mitochondria. Stage II (cell distress stage) showed that cellular energy imbalance occurred due to the depressed mitochondrial activity in vivo, although it was reversible when the blood supply was restored. Stage III (transitional stage) was the phase at which mitochondrial fragility increased severely. At Stage IV (terminal stage), mitochondria were markedly damaged organically and cellular energy metabolism was not remedied by any intensive therapies, which inevitably meant the death of vital organs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01852122
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