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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pharmacokinetics of temocapril hydrochloride, a novel angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, in renal insufficiency (1992)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 43 (1992), S. 657-659 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Temocapril, Renal insufficiency ; angiotensin-I converting enzyme inhibitor, pharmacokinetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The pharmacokinetics of temocapril hydrochloride, a novel prodrug-type angiotensin-I converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, has been studied in patients with mild (Group II) to severe (Group III) renal insufficiency in comparison with subjects with normal renal function (Group I). The pharmacokinetic parameters of the active diacid metabolite, including Cmax, AUC and half-life (t1/2), showed only slight changes between the three groups: AUC (0–∞) was significantly larger in Group III than Group I, and t1/2 tended to be prolonged in Group III, but the change was not significant. The urinary recovery of the diacid was significantly decreased in Group III. (Group I, 28.1 %, Group II, 21.6 %, Group III, 12.8 %). Compared with other ACE inhibitors, which are mainly excreted through the kidney, the plasma concentration of the active diacid metabolite was hardly influenced by renal function. It was speculated that lowering of the dose of temocapril might be recommended only in patients with severe renal insufficiency.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02284968
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Measurement of above-ground plant biomass, forage availability and grazing impact by combining satellite image processing and field survey in a dry area of north-eastern Syria (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Grass and forage science 60 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Field survey and satellite image processing methods were used to estimate the total available forage over an area of 95 034 ha in north-eastern Syria, and to assess grazing impact on the area. The above-ground plant biomass was measured by a quadrat method at three sites in each of eight vegetation classes. Available forage was measured by excluding woody parts of shrubs from the whole aerial plant parts. The total above-ground plant biomass and available forage were estimated by extrapolating the measured point data to the whole target area using classified vegetation data by satellite image processing. Grazing impact was assessed by calculating the differences between the total available forage at the end of growing season and the end of dry season. The values for the estimated total available forage (s.e. of mean) in the area were 55 628 000 (12 920 000) kg DM and 30 007 000 (2 437 000) kg DM at the end of growing season and dry season respectively. Although the area of the cereal fields covered only 0·315 of the area, about 0·69 and 0·82 of the available forage existed in the harvested cereal fields at the ends of growing season and dry season respectively. The integration of cereal fields and rangeland is a normal land use system for livestock management in the area. The higher cover of herbaceous vegetation types showed higher grazing impacts which reduced the total available forage at the end of the growing season by 0·817 (0·199) at the end of the dry season. Although these dense herbaceous vegetation types could possibly produce more available forage, they would incur more intensive grazing impact. On the contrary, lighter grazing impact would occur with a higher cover of shrub vegetation types. The importance of maintaining plant cover over the rangeland area to protect the land against soil erosion is stressed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.2005.00448.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Regiospecific α-hexafluoroisopropylidenation of ketones using hexafluoroacetone
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Journal of Fluorine Chemistry 22 (1983), S. 1-19 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-1139
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0022-1139(00)81485-2
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Periodic bile cultures and irrigation of the external jejunostomy for cholangitis in biliary atresia (1996)
    Springer
    Pediatric surgery international 11 (1996), S. 234-236 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-9813
    Keywords: Biliary atresia ; Bile cultures ; Cholangitis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We retrospectively investigated the use of periodic bile cultures and irrigation of the external jejunostomy for prevention or treatment of postoperative cholangitis in 11 infants who had undergone the Suruga II modification with external jejunostomy for biliary atresia. Periodic cultures obtained from bile in the external jejunostomy were done weekly in all patients. Staphylococci were first cultured 1 week after operation, followed by intestinal flora such as enterococci, Pseudomonas, Klebsiella, or Enterobacter. Most of the cultures revealed two or more microorganisms. Susceptibility testing indicated the effective antibiotics for the treatment of each case of cholangitis. Therefore, periodic bile cultures and irrigation of the external jejunostomy provide important information for prevention or treatment of postoperative cholangitis, especially in the early postoperative period.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00178425
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