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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Industrial & engineering chemistry 59 (1967), S. 18-28 
    ISSN: 1520-5045
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1600-0501
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: We present an investigation of the physico-chemical surface properties of commercially pure titanium coverslips which were submitted to various treatments designed to optimize their topography in view of application in oral implantology. The surface microroughness, chemical composition and water wettability were analyzed on titanium coverslips prepared by mechanical polishing, acid attack in HCl/HZSOI, after mechanical polishing or sandblasting, and titanium plasma-spray. The chemical composition has been measured by Auger electron spectroscopy. The treatments have no major influence on the surface chemical composition and all the samples display a composition approaching that of TiOZ with minor amounts of carbon. sulfur, silicon and calcium as impurities. The roughness has been measured by scanning force microscopy on an area of 20 μm x 20 μm on each sample. Polished titanium is smooth (peak-to-valley roughness 81 nm). whereas the acid-attacked surfaces exhibit a micro-roughness in the pm range (2100 nm for polished and acid attacked; 3600 nm for sandblasted and acid attacked) which is quite reproducible over large areas of the sample. The acid attacked samples present a subsurface layer which contains hydrogen below the native passivating oxide layer. Water wettability measurement shows that all surfaces are hydrophobic with a slightly higher contact angle for the acid attacked surfaces. The different treatments analyzed in this study essentially influence the surface roughness by preserving the chemical composition and the wettability properties of titanium native oxide surface layer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Indoor air 15 (2005), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1600-0668
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of applied electrochemistry 4 (1974), S. 163-167 
    ISSN: 1572-8838
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract Polarization curves were obtained for a range of Cr-Fe alloys, containing up to 29% chromium, in sodium chloride solutions with pH between 2 and 12. Selected surfaces were taken for examination on a scanning electron microscope. The results indicate a nearly linear relation between an ‘apparent breakdown potential’ and chromium content up to about 20% chromium whilst the same potential is independent of pH in the pH range 2–10. There is a sharp increase in this potential as the chromium content exceeds 20% and when pH is 12. The results are discussed in terms of the pitting of the passive films and the transpassive phenomenon. Evidence is adduced that the films present under conditions of electropolishing are porous and that the pitting is not necessarily associated with features in the metal surface.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 42 (1991), S. 637-642 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: The long-term corrosion rate of passive iron in anaerobic alcaline solutionsGas generation is an important issue in safety assessments of low and intermediate level radioactive repositories. In this connection the hydrogen production from corrosion of passive iron in saturated calcium hydroxide, in dilute alkali hydroxide and cement porewater solutions has been determined. The measurements were performed manometrically using fusion sealed glass cells, the measurement periods being between 275 and 560 days.In 0.1 M and 0.04 M alkali hydroxide solutions the initial hydrogen generation rate was 12 mmol/m2yr corresponding to a linear corrosion rate of 64 nm/yr. The reaction rate decreases with time. The smallest value obtained after 330 days is 0.3 mmol/m2yr corresponding to 1.5 nm/yr.The influence on iron of the saturated calcium hydroxide solution and the calcic porewater solutions differs from that of the alkali hydroxide solutions. At pH 12.5 the hydrogen generation rate remains practically constant up to breaking off the experiment, the value being about 1 mmol/m2yr corresponding to 5 nm/yr.
    Notes: Im Zusammenhang mit der Gasentwicklung in einem Endlager für schwach- und mittelradioaktive Abfälle ist die Wasserstoffentwicklung am passiven Eisen in verdünnten Alkalihydroxidlösungen, in gesättigter Calciumhydroxidlösung und in synthetischen Zementporenwässern bestimmt worden. Die Messung erfolgte manometrisch in zugeschmolzenen Glaszellen; die Meßzeiten lagen zwischen 275 und 560 Tagen.In 0,1 und 0,04 M Alkalihydroxidlösungen beträgt die anfängliche Wasserstoffbildungsrate 12 mmol/m2a (entsprechend einem Materialabtrag von 64 nm/a). Korrosionsgeschwindigkeiten in diesem Bereich wurden von anderen Autoren auch elektrochemisch gemessen. Die Reaktionsgeschwindigkeit nimmt mit der Zeit ab. Der kleinste gemessene Wert liegt nach 330 Tagen bei 0,3 mmol/m2a (1,5 nm/a).Gesättigte Calciumhydroxidlösung und die calciumhaltigen Zementporenwässer unterscheiden sich in ihrer Einwirkung auf das Eisen von den Alkalihydroxidlösungen. Bei pH 12,5 ist die Wasserstoffbildungsrate mit etwa 1 mmol/m2a (5 nm/a) bis zum Versuchsabbruch praktisch konstant.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 15 (1981), S. 867-878 
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: Mechanisms of corrosion at the areas of contact between screw heads and plate holes were investigated using electrochemical potential recording techniques. Static crevice corrosion was studied with plates and screws in isotonic and hypertonic saline solutions (0.9 to 7.2% NaCl). Fretting corrosion was studied in vitro with plates screwed to tubular bone analogs which were subjected to cyclic axial loads, and was studied in vivo with plates screwed on the tibia of sheep. Static tests showed that crevice corrosion does not occur in isotonic saline for periods up to one year, but can occur in hypertonic saline solutions. Dynamic loading tests demonstrated immediate potential changes which were related to the magnitude of the applied load, indicating fretting corrosion due to motion between screw head and plate, both in vitro and in vivo. A mechanism for screw-plate relative motion is proposed. It is hypothesized that corrosion seen in clinically retrieved implants due to fretting corrosion which predisposes the contact area to crevice corrosion attack.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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