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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electrophoretic Analysis of Myelin Proteolipid Protein and Its Deacylated Form (1985)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 45 (1985), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: Myelin proteolipid protein is known to contain covalently bound fatty acid. To determine the contribution of the fatty acid to the multiple bands observed on sodium dodecyl sulfate–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, the electrophoretic parameters of the proteolipid protein were compared with those of the deacylated form. The relative mobility and proportion of each band, as well as the retardation coefficient and free electrophoretic mobility, were not altered by removal of the fatty acid moiety. Furthermore, the acylated and deacylated forms bound the same amounts of sodium dodecyl sulfate. These data demonstrate that the presence of covalently bound fatty acids does not account for the electrophoretic heterogeneity of the proteolipid.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.1985.tb05547.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF MYELIN AND OTHER SUBCELLULAR FRACTIONS ISOLATED FROM BOVINE WHITE MATTER (1966)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 13 (1966), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.1966.tb10296.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Cytoskeletal Components of the Myelin Fraction Are Affected by a Single Intracranial Injection of Apotransferrin in Young Rats (2000)
    Springer
    Neurochemical research 25 (2000), S. 669-676 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6903
    Keywords: Transferrin ; myelination ; myelin proteins ; cytoskeleton ; tubulin ; MAPs
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We have previously shown that in rat pups intracranially injected with a single dose of apotransferrin (aTf), there is an early oligodendroglial cell OLGc differentiation. The expression of the mRNAs of myelin basic proteins and of 2′,3′ cyclic nucleotide 3′-phosphodiesterase and the amount of the corresponding proteins, as well as myelin glycolipids and phospholipids, were significantly increased in these animals at 10 and 17 days of age. Microtubules and myelin basic proteins appear to be closely associated in OLGc and it has been shown that the mRNAs of myelin basic proteins are concentrated in the OLGc processes. The aim of this work was to clarify if the accelerated myelination produced by aTf could be linked to changes in certain cytoskeletal elements present in the myelin fraction such as tubulin, actin, and different microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs). A significant increase in the expression of the mRNA of tubulin and actin was observed in the brain of the aTf-treated animals. Several MAPs, particularly MAP 1B and stable tubule only peptide as well as actin and tubulin, were markedly increased in the Triton X-100 insoluble pellet obtained from the myelin fraction of these animals. The changes that we have previously described in the myelin of aTf intracranially injected rats, could be the consequence of its action on the cytoskeletal network of the OLGc. An enlargement of this structure would result in a more efficient and faster movement of the different components that are normally transported to the myelin by the cytoskeleton of this cell.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1007515221008
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Incorporation of [3H]thymidine into DNA and of [35S]sulfate into sulfatides of oligodendroglial cells during development: Effect of malnutrition (1985)
    Springer
    Neurochemical research 10 (1985), S. 89-98 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6903
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Incorporation of [3H]thymidine into DNA and of [35S]sulfate into sulfatides of oligodendroglial cells isolated from brain slices incubated with the radioactive precursor was studied in normal and malnourished rats at different ages. The pattern and the values of incorporation of [3H]thymidine into DNA were similar in both groups of animals. The maximum value of incorporation was observed at 7 days of age decreasing rapidly thereafter and leveling off between 18–21 days. In both groups of animals labeling of sulfatides attained a maximum at 18 days of age, showing similar values of incorporation up to that age. However, at 21 days of age; the values corresponding to malnourished rats were found to be 40% lower in comparison to controls. The results suggest that (a) proliferation of oligodendroglial cells stops at similar ages in normal and malnourished rats, (b) expression of sulfatide synthesis by oligodendroglial cells is similar in both groups of animals up to 18 days, and (c) the starved rats seem to be unable to maintain normal synthesis of these galactolipids throughout the entire period of active myelinogenesis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00964774
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Neonatal malnutrition in the rat affects the delivery of sulfatides from microsomes and their entry into myelin (1985)
    Springer
    Neurochemical research 10 (1985), S. 179-189 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6903
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Brain slices from 18 day old normal and malnourished rats were incubated in the presence of [35S]sulfate to explore its incorporation into sulfatides of a total brain homogenate and the appearance of labeled sulfatides in different subcellular fractions. While the incorporation of label into sulfatides of the total homogenate was similar in both groups of animals, in subcellular fractions separated on a linear sucrose density gradient, labeling of sulfatides in malnourished animals was relatively higher in the region corresponding to the microsomal fraction. Time course incorporation and pulse-chase experiments were carried out to explore the kinetics of labeling of microsomal and myelin sulfatides. In pulse-chase experiments, normal controls showed a decrease in the specific radioactivity of sulfatides in the microsomal fraction after the chase, which was not observed in malnourished animals, while the appearance of labeled sulfatides in the myelin fraction of the latter group of animals was found to be lower than in normals. These results suggest that in neonatal malnutrition there is a defect in the transport of de novo synthesized sulfatides towards myelin or/and a problem in the assembly of these lipids into the myelin membrane.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00964566
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Neonatal hypothyroidism and early undernutrition in the rat: Defective maturation of structural membrane components in the central nervous system (1981)
    Springer
    Neurochemical research 6 (1981), S. 979-991 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6903
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The action of neonatal hypothyroidism and early undernutrition on the lipid and protein composition, as well as, on the activity of 2′3′ cyclic nucleotide 3′ phosphohydrolase was studied in different subcellular fractions isolated from 20 day old hypothyroid and undernourished rats. Based on protein content, a marked decrease (70%) in the recovery of myelin was observed in both experimental conditions. The lipid composition of myelin in both groups was, however, different; while cholesterol, total phospholipids, and total galactolipids decreased in a similar fashion in the two situations; sulfatides and plasmalogens were much more affected in hypothyroid rats.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00965029
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Differential effect of colchicine upon the entry of proteins into myelin and myelin related membranes (1982)
    Springer
    Neurochemical research 7 (1982), S. 1415-1425 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6903
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Brain slices from 20 day old rats were incubated with radioactive aminoacids in the presence and absence of 500 μM colchicine and the appearance of labeled proteins in myelin and in a myelin-like fraction (SN4 fraction) was measured. In the presence of the inhibitor, the entry of proteolipid proteins was decreased to 55% in myelin and to 45% in SN4 fraction with reference to control values while the entry of basic proteins and other minor protein components was unaffected in both fractions. The synthesis of proteolipid proteins was not affected by the presence of colchicine; moreover, a slight accumulation of these proteins was observed in microsomes. The results suggest that the microtubular system is involved in the transport of proteolipid proteins from their site of synthesis to their site of deposition and that the various types of myelin proteins follow different transport routes to enter into this special type of membrane.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00966070
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Relationship Between the Ubiquitin-Dependent Pathway and Apoptosis in Different Cells of the Central Nervous System: Effect of Thyroid Hormones (2000)
    Springer
    Neurochemical research 25 (2000), S. 627-635 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6903
    Keywords: Granule cells ; oligodendrocytes ; thyroid hormones ; apoptosis ; ubiquitin ; proteasome
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We have recently shown that sustained neonatal hyperthyroidism in the rat activates apoptosis of oligodendroglial cells (OLGc) and that inhibition of the proteasome-ubiquitin (Ub) pathway by lactacystin produces increased apoptosis in cerebellar granule cells (CGC). In the present study we have analyzed the relationship between the activation of the Ub-dependent pathway, the expression of the Ub genes and programmed cell death in neurons of the rat cerebellum and cerebral cortex and in OLGc. This study was carried out in normal animals, in rats submitted to sustained neonatal hyperthyroidism and in cell cultures treated with an excess of thyroid hormones. In neurons of the cerebral cortex, thyroid hormone produces an increase of Ub-protein conjugates, an enhancement in the expression of the Ub genes and an increase in apoptosis, while the opposite results are obtained in CGC. These results indicate that in neurons, the changes in the cell death program produced by thyroid hormone run in parallel with those occurring in the Ub-dependent pathway. In OLGc, thyroid hormone increases apoptosis but does not produce changes in the Ub pathway. Preliminary studies indicate that in coincidence with what occurs in optic nerves, the sciatic nerves both in controls and in hyperthyroid animals are unable to form Ub-protein conjugates. These results indicate that in cells of the CNS such as neurons, in which the Ub-dependent pathway is actively expressed, it appears to be closely correlated with apoptosis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1007554902352
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Myelin Membranes Isolated from Rats Intracranially Injected with apoTransferrin Are More Susceptible to in Vitro Peroxidation (2000)
    Springer
    Neurochemical research 25 (2000), S. 87-93 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6903
    Keywords: Myelin ; myelin proteins ; apotransferrin ; iron ; peroxidation ; oxidative damage
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Purified myelin obtained from 17 day old rats intracranially injected with aTf at 3 days of age was submitted to in vitro peroxidation using Fe + ascorbic acid (FeA) or Cu + H2O2 (CuH), to investigate the susceptibility of this membrane to in vitro metal catalyzed peroxidation. There was an increase in thiobarbituric acid-reactive-substances (TBARS) (60%) and in protein-associated carbonyls (PAC) (20%) in the myelin from aTf injected rats in comparison to myelin from controls, indicating a higher susceptibility to peroxidation. Desferoxamine (DFX) injected simultaneously with aTf did not change the response of myelin to aTf. CNS myelin is highly vulnerable to oxidative stress, and its susceptibility to peroxidation increases in myelin isolated from aTf injected rats. This increased liability to peroxidation as well as the previously reported aTf-dependent increment in certain myelin proteins and lipids and in the expression of specific myelin mRNAS, does not appear to be due to an increased amount of iron bound to the injected aTf. The changes in composition that we have previously reported could result in an abnormal myelin, allowing the peroxidative system to act upon the membrane more easily than in normal circumstances.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1007543600609
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