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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Strength of Terfenol-D (1989)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 65 (1989), S. 3712-3713 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The strength of the magnetostrictive material, Terfenol-D, Tb0.27Dy0.73Fe2.0, has been evaluated by measuring the modulus of rupture as a function of the Fe stoichiometry of the compound. It is shown that the strength improves markedly as the Fe concentration decreases from the stoichiometric value of 2.0 in the compound. The increased strength results from the increasing volume fraction of the rare-earth metal phase produced in the Terfenol-D matrix by the solidification process at lower Fe concentrations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.342599
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Magnetic properties of porous iron compacts (1987)
    Springer
    Journal of nondestructive evaluation 6 (1987), S. 119-127 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4862
    Keywords: Magnetization ; hysteresis ; Barkhausen effect ; magnetoacoustic emission ; porosity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract Magnetic hysteresis measurements, magnetoacoustic emission, and the Barkhausen effect have been used to investigate the magnetic properties of six porous iron compacts with porosities in the range 0.3–6.2% and pore sizes in the range 1.6–13.2 µm. Coercivity and maximum permeability varied with pore size, showing respectively a maximum and a minimum for pore areas in the range 50–100 (µm)2, corresponding to pore diameters 8–11 µm. Significant correlations were found between several of the magnetic parameters including a fundamental relationship between coercivity, initial permeability, and maximum differential permeability. There were also indications of a correlation between magnetic properties and the initial molding pressure, although these were not conclusive. However, none of the magnetic properties was found to vary in a progressive manner with percentage porosity, although it is conceivable that if all other variables, such as pore size and grain size, remained constant, that changes in magnetic properties with porosity could be detected from magnetic measurements.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00568007
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Strengthening in deformation-processed Cu-20% Fe composites (1991)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 26 (1991), S. 163-171 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Three Cu-20% Fe composites with different iron powder sizes were fabricated using powder metallurgy processes. The strengths of these composites after extensive deformation processing by rod swaging and wire drawing were shown to be anomalously higher than those predicted by rule of mixtures equations. However, the strengths obey a Hall-Petch type relationship with the iron filament spacings. The strengths of the Cu-20% Fe composites after equivalent deformation processing increased with decreasing initial iron powder size. Comparison of a Cu-20% Fe composite with a similar Cu-20% Nb composite showed that Cu-20% Fe was stronger after an identical degree of deformation processing. This increase in strength of a Cu-20% Fe composite over that of a Cu-20% Nb composite correlated with the greater shear modulus of iron compared to niobium using a barrier model for hardening.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00576047
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of hydrogen on the mechanical properties of a deformation processed Cu-20% Nb composite (1991)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 26 (1991), S. 2000-2006 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The influence of H on the mechanical properties of a deformation processed Cu-20% Nb composite was analysed and compared with the results on similarly processed pure Cu and pure Nb. In this composite the matrix phase (Cu) is relatively resistant to H while the filamentary phase (Nb) is highly susceptible to H embrittlement. The results show that H, in an amount equivalent to that which causes embrittlement of pure Nb, causes no significant deleterious influence on the mechanical properties of Cu-20% Nb. Apparently the ductile Cu matrix creates a favourable stress state for the hydrogenated Nb filaments so that they are constrained from fracturing and continue to deform in a ductile manner.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00549158
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of temperature on the strength and conductivity of a deformation processed Cu-20%Fe composite (1992)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 27 (1992), S. 2005-2011 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The high temperature (22–600 °C) properties were evaluated for a Cu-20%Fe composite deformation processed from a powder metallurgy compact. The ultimate tensile strengths decreased with increasing temperature but were appreciably better than those of similarly processed Cu at temperatures up to 450 °C. At 600 °C, the strength of Cu-20%Fe was only slightly better than that of Cu as a result of the pronounced coarsening of the Fe filaments. However, at temperatures of 300 and 450 °C, the strength of Cu-20%Fe is about seven and six times greater, respectively, than that of Cu, as compared to about a two fold advantage at room temperature. Therefore, Cu-20%Fe composites made by deformation processing of powder metallurgy compacts have mechanical properties much superior to those of similarly processed Cu at room temperature and at temperatures up to 450 °C. The pronounced decrease in electrical conductivity of deformation processed Cu-20%Fe as compared to Cu is attributed to the appreciable dissolution of Fe into the Cu matrix which occurred during the fabrication of the starting compacts where temperatures up to 675 °C were used. While the powder metallurgy compacts used for the starting material for deformation processing in this study did not lead to a high conductivity composite, the powder metallurgy approach should still be a viable one if processing temperatures can be reduced further to prevent the dissolution of Fe into the Cu matrix.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01117911
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Processing to optimize the strength of heavily drawn Cu-Nb alloys (1989)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 24 (1989), S. 1015-1020 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Heavily drawn Cu-Nb alloys display quite high ultimate tensile strengths. A modification to the consumable arc-casting technique used to prepare these alloys is shown to decrease the as-cast niobium dendrite diameter,t 0, and also increase strength. Evaluation of strength, niobium filament spacing and thickness data show that strength varies with as-cast niobium dendrite size as somewhere betweent o −0.36 tot o −0.50 . Splat-cooling techniques demonstrate that minimum niobium dendrite sizes as small as 0.22μm are possible. These sizes are over a factor of 10 smaller than has been achieved by consumable arc casting, and it is therefore suggested that processing rapidly solidified powders of Cu-Nb alloys should have significant advantages for preparing high-strength heavily drawn Cu-Nb alloys.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01148792
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of hydrogen on the low-temperature mechanical properties of V-5 at % Ti alloys (1992)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 27 (1992), S. 2848-2856 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The effects of grain size and hydrogen in solid solution or as hydrides on the strength and ductility of V-5 at % Ti was studied over the temperature range 15–448 K. Comparison of the strength and ductility characteristics of hydrogenated alloys where hydrides were not observed down to 78 K (1.8 and 1.9 at % H alloys) or where hydrides were observed to form near 230 K (3.8 and 3.9 at % H alloys) indicated that the presence of hydride precipitates had no apparent influence on the strength or ductility characteristics. It appears that the main consequence of hydride precipitation is that hydrogen is removed from solid solution making strengthening less effective than expected based on the total hydrogen content. Decreasing grain size from 31 μm to 8 μm had no apparent effect on ductility in the nonhydrogenated alloys (〈 0.05 at % H) but it did increase the strength over most of the temperature range and especially at 15 K. In the hydrogenated alloys this decrease in grain size lowered the transition temperature about 10 K and it appreciably increased the degree of ductility return at 78 K and below. The ductility return below 78 K peaked near 50 K before decreasing below 30 K with the improvement in ductility being greatest in the alloys with the lower hydrogen contents.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01154091
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparison of strengthening in wire-drawn or rolled Cu-20% Nb with a dislocation accumulation model (1993)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 28 (1993), S. 4623-4629 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Strengthening after large deformations by wire-drawing or rolling of Cu, Nb and Cu-20% Nb was compared with the predictions of a proposed modified substructural strengthening model for ductile two-phase alloys. The comparisons indicate that the more extensive and refined model of Funkenbusch and Courtney offers no improvement over the original model of Ashby in predicting the strengthening with increased deformation processing or the dislocation densities necessary to produce the observed strengthening in Cu-20% Nb. Both models can predict the strengthening behaviour of Cu-20% Nb. However, neither model is in accord with the observations that the dislocation density in the Cu matrix is essentially independent of the degree of deformation processing, and that the magnitudes of the dislocation density are much the same in the Cu in Cu-20% Nb and pure Cu identically deformation-processed. In addition, there is no experimental support for the Funkenbusch and Courtney model prediction of an order of magnitude greater dislocation density in the Nb filaments than in the Cu matrix in Cu-20% Nb. It appears that a mechanism that does not require an accumulation of dislocations for strengthening, such as the difficulty in propagating dislocations between closely spaced barriers, is more likely to be responsible for strengthening in Cu-Nb-type deformation-processed composites.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00414250
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Use of the rotating-electrode process in the fabrication of Cu-Nb composites (1988)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 7 (1988), S. 532-534 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4811
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01730718
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Deformation processing of bonded Cu-15% Nb sheets (1991)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 10 (1991), S. 371-373 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4811
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00728035
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