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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Keywords Oxidative stress ; nephropathy ; transcription factor NF-kB ; thrombomodulin ; thioctic acid.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Increased oxidative stress and subsequent activation of the transcription factor NF-kB has been linked to the development of late diabetic complications. To determine whether oxidative stress dependent NF-kB activation is evident in patients with diabetic nephropathy we used an Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay based semiquantitative detection system which enabled us to determine NF-kB activation in ex vivo isolated peripheral blood mononuclear cells. We examined 33 patients with diabetes mellitus (Type I and Type II). Patients with diabetic nephropathy showed higher NF-kB binding activity in Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assays and stronger immunohistological staining for activated NF-kBp65 than patients without renal complications. NF-kB binding activity correlated with the degree of albuminuria (r = 0.316) and with thrombomodulin plasma concentrations (r = 0.33), indicative for albuminuria associated endothelial dysfunction. In a 3 day intervention study in which 600 mg of the antioxidant thioctic acid (α-lipoic acid) per day were given to nine patients with diabetic nephropathy oxidative stress in plasma samples was decreased by 48 % and NF-kB binding activity in ex vivo isolated peripheral blood mononuclear cells by 38 %.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1435-1285
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Intravaskulärer Ultraschall (IVUS) – perkutane transluminale koronare Angioplastie (PTCA) – Restenose ; Key words Intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) – percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) – restenosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Recent randomized clinical trials reported a reduction of restenosis using intracoronary stents and suggested that this restenosis reduction is a result of the higher immediate luminal gain in comparison to conventional percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA). The hypothesis of this sutdy is based on the assumption that IVUS guided PTCA leads to equivalent long term PTCA results as compared to PTCA and the additional placement of a stent. Thus, the purpose of this non-randomized single center study was to evaluate (1) the safety and efficacy and (2) the long term outcome of vessel size adapted PTCA in patients with native coronary lesions. From April 1995 to March 1996 the morphological dimensions of the target lesions were determined in 107 patients with 108 lesions by intravascular ultrasound prior to conventional balloon angioplasty. Quantitative parameters of the vascular dimensions were assessed on-line and the diameter of the balloon catheter was adapted to the external elastic membrane (EEM) at the lesion site minus 10%. Using this strategy, mean balloon diameter was 4.1±0.5 mm. Acute and one year clinical follow-up results were obtained in all 107 patients. Angiographic success was defined as a final percent diameter stenosis of 〈30%. The following criteria determined by postinterventional IVUS were also used to define a successful PTCA: luminal CSA gain of 〉30% with an angiographically patent flow (TIMI 3). Acute events occurred in two patients (one death and one successful acute surgical revascularisation). During one year follow-up, 11 patients had a clinical event including death, Q-wave MI, surgical revascularization, and repeat PTCA. In 83 patients (78%), control angiography was performed and revealed an angiographic restenosis rate of 21% using the NHLBI criterion of a diameter stenosis 〉50%. Conclusion: The use of balloon diameters following these measurements is safe in the acute setting with a low number of in hospital events and effective in reducing clinical events as well as angiographic restenosis rates during one year follow-up. These promising results warrant vertification in larger scale randomized trials.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Neuere klinische Studien zeigen, daß durch die intrakoronare Implantation eines Stents die Restenoserate gesenkt werden kann. Dieser Effekt wird als das Ergebnis eines höheren Lumengewinns durch die Stentimplantation im Vergleich zur perkutanen transluminalen koronaren Angioplastie (PTCA) verstanden. Unsere Studie basiert auf der Annahme, daß eine durch intravasalen Ultraschall (IVUS) gesteuerte und an den äußeren Gefäßdurchmessder angepaßte PTCA zu ähnlich guten Langzeitergebnissen führen kann wie die Implantation eines Stents. Ziel der vorliegenden Untersuchung war es zu prüfen, ob 1. eine IVUS-gesteuerte PTCA mit einem vertretbaren Risiko durchführbar ist und 2. die Rate der klinischen Ereignisse und der angiographischen Restenoserate reduziert werden kann. Von April '95 bis März '96 wurde bei 107 Patienten mit 108 nativen koronaren Läsionen eine präinterventionelle intravaskuläre Ultraschalluntersuchung zur Bestimmung der Gefäßdiameter durchgeführt. Aufgrund der On-line-Registrierung des äußeren Gefäßdiameters (maximale Distanz Adventitia/Adventitia) erfolgte die Wahl der Ballondilatationskatheter, deren mittlerer Ballondiameter bei 4,1±0,5 mm lag. Der Erfolg der Intervention wurde angiographisch und mittels intravaskulärem Ultraschall überprüft. Als erfolgreich wurde eine Intervention dann bewertet, wenn angiographisch eine Restenose von 〈30% vorlag und im intravaskulären Ultraschall eine Lumenerweiterung 〉30% ohne Reduktion des antegraden Flusses erreicht wurde. Im Rahmen der Intervention verstarb ein Patient nach dem erfolglosen Versuch einer operativen Revaskularisation, ein weiterer wurde erfolgreich operiert. Im Langzeitverlauf (12±5 Mon.) erlitten 11 Patienten ein kardiales Ereignis im Zielgefäß. Ein Kontrollangiogramm wurde bei 83 Patienten durchgeführt und zeigte eine Rezidivstenose (NHLBI Krit. 5 〉50%) in 17 Zielgefäßen (21%). Die ultraschallgesteuerte Ballonangioplastie von Koronarstenosen ist sicher und effektiv: Eine Restenoserate von 21% ist gering. Eine randomisierte Studie zur Bestätigung dieser Ergebnisse ist erforderlicb.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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