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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-2323
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Parmi 1,220 japonais atteints de cancer de l'estomac qui ont subi une résection dans le Département de Chirurgie II de l'hÔpital Universitaire Kyushu, Fukuoka, Japan de 1965 à 1980, 432 (35.4%) présentaient des lésions avancées qu'il s'agisse de dissémination péritonéale, de métastases hépatiques, d'une extension ganglionnaire importante intéressant les groupes tertiaires (hépatoduodénal, rétro-pancréatique, et mésentérique) ou quaternaires (coliques moyens et paraaortiques) ou encore l'invasion directe d'organes voisins. Le taux de survie totale à 5 ans de ces 432 malades a été de 10.2%. Ce taux a été de 16.3% en présence d'un seul des facteurs et 2.8% ou moins en présence de plus de 2 facteurs (p〈0.01). Le taux de survie à 5 ans fut respectivement de 26.1% et de 21.8% selon qu'existait un envahissement ganglionnaire tertiaire ou l'invasion isolée d'un organe voisin. Les techniques radicales: lymphadénectomie élargie et résection combinée des organes envahis sont suivies d'un allongement du temps de survie. Les taux de survie à 5 ans furent inférieurs à 10% chez les malades atteints d'autres facteurs isolés ou supérieurs à deux. Il apparaÎt ainsi que dans le cancer de l'estomac deux sous-groupes, dont le temps de survie est différent, sont à distinguer: les malades potentiellement curables et les malades incurables. Il est donc nécessaire de mettre au point des méthodes thérapeutiques efficaces en fonction des 2 groupes individualisés.
    Abstract: Resumen Entre 1,220 pacientes japoneses con carcinoma gástrico sometidos a resección en el Departamento de Cirugía II, Hospital de la Universidad de Kyushu, Fukuoka, Japan entre 1965 y 1980, hubo 432 (35.4%) con carcinoma avanzado, entendiéndose como tal una lesión con hallazgos tales como diseminación peritoneal, metástasis hepáticas, extensión ganglionar amplia hasta los ganglios terciarios (hepatoduodenales, retropancreáticos, y mesentéricos) o cuaternarios (cólicos medios y paraaórticos), o invasión directa de órganos adyacentes. La tasa global de supervivencia a 5 años en estos 432 pacientes fue 10.2%. La tasa de supervivencia a 5 a~nos en pacientes con uno solo de tales hallazgos fue 16.3%, que es significativamente mayor que la de 2.8% o menos en pacientes con más de 2 de tales hallazgos (p〈0.01). Los pacientes con invasión ganglionar terciaria o con invasión directa de órganos solamente, sobrevivieron a una tasa de 26.1% y 21.8%, respectivamente, en el seguimiento a 5 años. Procedimientos radicales tales como la linfadenectomía amplia y la resección combinada de los órganos afectados resultó en prolongación del periodo de supervivencia. Las tasas de supervivencia a 5 años fueron menores de 10% en pacientes con otros hallazgos en combinaciones Únicas o de más de 2. Parece haber 2 subgrupos en quienes las tasas de supervivencia difieren: los pacientes potencialmente curables y los no curables. Regimenes terapéuticos correspondientes a los 2 grupos deben ser considerados.
    Notes: Abstract Among 1,220 Japanese patients with gastric carcinoma who had undergone resection in the Department of Surgery II, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan from 1965 to 1980, there were 432 (35.4%) with far advanced carcinoma, designated as a lesion with factors such as peritoneal dissemination, hepatic metastasis, widespread nodal involvement extending to tertiary (hepatoduodenal, retropancreatic, and mesenteric) or quaternary (middle colic and paraaortic) nodes, or direct invasion to adjacent organs. The overall 5-year survival rate in these 432 patients was 10.2%. The 5-year survival rate in patients with a single factor was 16.3%, being significantly higher than the 2.8% or less in cases with more than 2 factors ( p〈0.01). Patients with tertiary nodal involvement or directly invaded organs alone survived at a rate of 26.1% and 21.8% in the 5-year follow-up, respectively. Radical procedures such as extensive lymphadenectomy and combined resection of the invaded organs further lengthened the survival time. The 5-year survival rates were less than 10% in patients with other factors, singly or more than 2 factors in combination. There appear to be 2 subgroups in whom the rates of survival differ: potentially curable and noncurable patients. More intensive therapeutic regimens corresponding to both groups need to be considered.
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1436-2813
    Keywords: interleukin-2 receptor ; colorectal cancer
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The preoperative levels of serum-soluble receptor for interleukin-2 (IL-2R) were determined by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in 38 patients undergoing surgery for colorectal cancer and 98 healthy controls. The levels of serum-soluble IL-2R in the patients with colorectal cancer were significantly higher than those in the normal controls (P〈0.05). Markedly elevated levels of serum-soluble IL-2R were recognized in patients with stage IV cancer, those with Dukes' stage D cancer, and those with liver metastasis. Moreover, the prognosis of patients with low levels of IL-2R (〈531 U/ml) was significantly better than that of those with high levels (P〈0.05). These findings demonstrate that an elevated concentration of soluble IL-2R might be a useful indicator of liver metastasis and poor prognosis in patients with colorectal carcinoma.
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1436-2813
    Keywords: gastric cancer ; peritoneal metastasis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We report herein the rare case of a patient who survived for 5 years and 10 months after commencing treatment for gastric cancer with simultaneous disseminated peritoneal metastasis. A 45-year-old man was diagnosed as having advanced gastric cancer following the discovery of numerous nodules in the peritoneal cavity at laparotomy. The patient was treated by palliative gastrectomy and continuous hyperthermic peritoneal perfusion (CHPP) immediately after surgery on November 11, 1987. Postoperatively, he underwent radiofrequency (RF) hyperthermia with intraperitoneal cisplatin a total of seven times. He continued on a combination of uracil and tegafur (UFT) administered orally with a protein-bound β-d-glucan extracted from the mycelia ofCariolus versicolor(PSK). Long-term survival was achieved following the initial palliative gastrectomy despite simultaneous disseminated peritoneal metastasis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1436-3305
    Keywords: Key words Mucosal gastric cancer ; Micrometastasis ; Cytokeratin ; Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background. Endoscopic mucosal resection is frequently used in the treatment of mucosal gastric cancer. Micrometastasis in the lymph nodes of mucosal gastric cancer remains unclear. Methods. We examined 2526 lymph nodes from 84 patients with mucosal gastric cancer. Two consecutive sections were prepared, for simultaneous staining with hematoxylin and eosin and immunostaining with CAM 5.2 monoclonal antibody against cytokeratin (CK), respectively. A clinicopathological comparison was made between patients with and without lymph node involvement. Results. Lymph node involvement was detected in 45 of 2526 (1.8%) lymph nodes. The incidence of nodal involvement was significantly increased, from 1.2% (1/84 patients) with hematoxylin and eosin staining, to 19% (16/84 patients) with CK immunostaining. Although no significant difference was found, micrometastasis to lymph nodes was more frequently detected in tumors larger than 1.0 cm (15/72 patients, 21%) than in those less than or equal to 1.0 cm (1/12 patients; 8%, P = 0.307). However, discrete CK-positive cancer cells or clusters of CK-positive cancer cells were detected only in tumors larger than 2 cm. Conclusion. Because mucosal gastric cancer of more than 1.0 cm in superficial diameter may indicate a risk of micrometastasis to lymph nodes, endoscopic mucosal resection is not recommended for these patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1436-2813
    Keywords: Key Words: interleukin-2 receptor ; colorectal cancer
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: P 〈 0.05). Markedly elevated levels of serum-soluble IL-2R were recognized in patients with stage IV cancer, those with Dukes' stage D cancer, and those with liver metastasis. Moreover, the prognosis of patients with low levels of IL-2R (〈531 U/ml) was significantly better than that of those with high levels (P 〈 0.05). These findings demonstrate that an elevated concentration of soluble IL-2R might be a useful indicator of liver metastasis and poor prognosis in patients with colorectal carcinoma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1435-2451
    Keywords: Key words Vascular endothelial growth factor ; Angiogenesis ; Proliferative activity ; Gastric cancer
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background/aims: Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is one of the most important factors for angiogenesis in various malignant tumors. However, the clinicopathological and biological significance of the expression of VEGF in gastric cancer remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the relationship between the expression of VEGF and the clinicopathological and biological status of advanced gastric cancer, all of the same stage. Patients/methods: The expression of VEGF was immunohistochemically examined using the polyclonal antibody A-20 in tumors from 97 patients with invasion of the serosa but no lymph-node metastasis (t3, n0, stage II). The results were compared with clinicopathological and biological status (microvessel density and proliferative activity) of tumors. Results: Expression of VEGF was detected in 27 of 97 tumors (28%). The mean microvessel density (MVD) of 27 VEGF-positive tumors (458/mm2) was higher than that of 70 VEGF-negative tumors (331/mm2, P=0.0001). However, the proliferative activity expressed as the Ki-67 labeling index (LI; percentage of immunostained cancer cells) of 27 VEGF-positive tumors (13.8%) was significantly lower than that of 70 VEGF-negative tumors (26.7%, P=0.0002). In 48 tumors with low proliferative activity of cancer cells (Ki-67 LI≤18%), 20 (42%) tumors expressed VEGF, and these tumors had a high MVD (4461/mm2). In the 93 surviving patients, the 5-year survival rate of the 25 patients with VEGF-positive tumors (64%) was not different from that of the 68 patients with VEGF-negative tumors (73%, P=0.4296). Conclusion: Advanced gastric carcinoma with low proliferative activity may produce VEGF and may have high angiogenic potential in order for the tumor itself to grow. However, the prognosis of patients with such tumors was not unfavorable.
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1436-2813
    Keywords: early gastric carcinoma ; extra-perigastric lymph node metastasis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract An early gastric carcinoma, measuring 1.7×0.6 cm, had already metastasized to the extra-perigastric lymph node in a 71 year old symptom-free man. Radiographic and endoscopic studies showed a small depressed lesion on the lesser curvature of the antrum and histology of the biopsied specimen revealed a well differentiated adenocarcinoma. Under the diagnosis of IIc type intramucosal carcinoma, partial gastrectomy and wide lymph node dissection was performed. Pathologic study of the resected specimen showed that the cancer cells had invaded the submucosa at an area via a lymphatic vessel and that only lymph node along the common hepatic artery was involved.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1436-2813
    Keywords: surgery ; colorectal cancer ; age
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Between 1972 and 1986, 668 patients without familial polyposis coli underwent surgery for colorectal cancer at the National Kyushu Cancer Center. Among these, there were 85 patients aged 75 years and older, and 39 patients aged 39 years and younger. The older patients tended to have a higher frequency of less advanced disease (stage I–III) and the progression of cancer in the older patients appeared to be relatively mild. The operative mortality rate of the older patients was as low as 1.2 per cent, which was almost identical to that of the younger adults (0 per cent), being 16.7 per cent for emergency operations, whereas it was 0 per cent for elective operations. The five-year survival curve of the older patients with curative resections was significantly better than that of those with noncurative resections. There was no significant difference in the cancer-related five-year survival curves between the older and younger patients with curative resections. Surgery for colorectal cancer in elderly patients should therefore not be restricted on the basis of chronological age alone.
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1436-2813
    Keywords: carcinoembryonic antigen ; gastric cancer ; recurrence
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In an attempt to assess the usefulness of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) for predicting the progression of gastric cancer, CEA productivity was evaluated according to serum CEA levels, at the time of recurrence or relapse. In cases of a recurrence, abnormal CEA levels were observed in 14 of 17 (82.4 per cent) with differentiated carcinoma and in 9 of 21 (42.9 per cent) with undifferentiated carcinoma. Preoperative abnormal CEA levels were observed in only 6 of 41 patients (14.6 per cent). A median lead time of manifestation of recurrence was 5 months. In those with relapse, 9 of 11 (81.8 per cent) patients with differentiated carcinoma and 13 of 18 (72.2 per cent) with an undifferentiated carcinoma had abnormal CEA levels. Preoperative abnormal CEA levels were observed in 24 of these 89 patients (27.0 per cent). Postoperative monitoring of CEA seems to be useful for early recognition of gastric cancer progression, irrespective of the preoperative CEA levels.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1436-2813
    Keywords: gastric cancer ; peritoneal metastasis ; lymph node dissection ; postoperative survival
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract For patients with gastric cancer and either P, or P2 peritoneal metastasis, no definite consistent policy with respect to the extent of lymph node dissection has yet been established. In palliatively gastrectomized patients, we analyzed the relationship between the extent of lymphadenectomy and postoperative survival. In patients with P1, an R2 or R3 lymphadenectomy was associated with a significantly improved postoperative survival as compared to an Rl dissection, while this, however, was not the case in patients with P2. As this study was not intended to be a prospective randomized study, a definite conclusion should be avoided. However, our findings suggest that in patients with PI, surgery should not be confined to a resection of the primary lesion, but should also include an R2 or R3 lymphadenectomy.
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