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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rifaximin systemic absorption in patients with ulcerative colitis (1998)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 54 (1998), S. 91-93 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Key words Ulcerative colitis ; Rifaximin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002280050426
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Treatment of distal colitis (1999)
    Springer
    Techniques in coloproctology 3 (1999), S. 175-177 
    Details
    ISSN: 1128-045X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s101510050039
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A double coil apparatus for Barkhausen noise measurements (2001)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 72 (2001), S. 2058-2061 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A pickup coil wound around the sample is the standard method for Barkhausen noise (BN) measurements. Here we describe an apparatus where two coils are used instead of one. The relative position of the coils can be changed and this allows the experimental investigation of spatial correlation effects in BN. The signals induced in the coils are very similar when the coils are placed nearby whereas a progressive decrease of their correlation is observed by moving the coils apart. We tested our system on a ribbon of amorphous Fe63B14Si8Ni15 100 mm long. For a distance between the coils of 40 mm the signal correlation is nearly vanished. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1353193
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Monitoring activity in ulcerative colitis (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science, Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 16 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The monitoring of patients with ulcerative colitis is easier than in patients with Crohn's disease for several reasons: the severity of symptoms and activity of inflammation tend to run parallel in ulcerative colitis when involvement of the large bowel is more extensive. The easy accessibility of the colonic mucosa by endoscopic and histologic examination provides further information concerning the degree of inflammation. In severe attacks, the patient must be admitted to hospital and monitored carefully. Clinical and laboratory parameters (such as daily stools, CRP, fever, haemoglobin, albumin, etc.) and plain abdominal X-ray are useful in monitoring the activity of the disease and to predict the outcome. In mild to moderate attacks, endoscopic and histologic evaluation are the best methods for choosing the appropriate treatment and for assessing response.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2036.16.s4.1.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Treatment of mild to moderate ulcerative colitis and pouchitis (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science, Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 16 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The meta-analyses of published trials have shown topical therapy with 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) to be the treatment of choice in active distal ulcerative colitis. Oral aminosalicylates are effective for both distal and extensive ulcerative colitis, but in distal colitis the rates of improvement and remission are usually lower than those reported for rectal 5-ASA therapy. An alternative to 5-ASA therapy is represented by the new steroids; budesonide and beclometasone dipropionate (BDP) enemas, the most extensively studied, have been shown to be as effective as conventional steroids but with a significantly lower inhibition of plasma cortisol. Patients who do not respond to 5-ASA or new steroids should be treated with oral steroids. Azathioprine or 6-mercaptopurine may be effective in patients who do not respond or cannot be weaned off steroids. Treatment of pouchitis is largely empirical and few controlled studies have been carried-out. Antibiotics are the treatment of choice and most patients make a good response to metronidazole or ciprofloxacin. Chronic refractory pouchitis may benefit from a prolonged course of a combination of antibiotics. Highly concentrated probiotics (VSL#3) are effective both for the prevention of pouchitis onset and the prevention of relapses.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2036.16.s4.3.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The management of refractory Crohn's disease (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science, Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 16 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Refractoriness to conventional therapy is a common and intriguing problem in Crohn's disease patients. At the present time there is no agreement on its definition and several mechanisms are involved in its determination. Immunosuppressors, such as azathioprine (AZA), 6-mercaptopurine (6MP) and methotrexate (MTX) are effective drugs for controlling the inflammatory process and avoid chronic glucocorticosteroid treatment and its related related side-effects. Recently, the introduction of tumour necrosis factor antibodies (infliximab) has dramatically changed the natural history of Crohn's disease and its therapeutic approach. Several studies have determined the efficacy, mechanisms and safety of infliximab. However, this molecular approach has also left several questions unanswered about the mechanisms of refractoriness, possible concomitant treatments and long-term safety and efficacy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2036.16.s4.6.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparison of mesalazine suppositories in proctitis and distal proctosigmoiditis (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 11 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Mesalazine suppositories at 500 mg b.d. are a safe and effective treatment for patients with ulcerative proctitis or distal proctosigmoiditis. Recently a mesalazine 1 g suppository (Pentasa) has been developed.〈section xml:id="abs1-2"〉〈title type="main"〉Methods:Fifty patients with active ulcerative colitis extending not beyond 20 cm from the anus on sigmoidoscopy, participated in a randomized single-blind study comparing the efficacy, tolerance and acceptance of the new Pentasa mesalazine 1 g suppository, given once daily versus Claversal mesalazine 500 mg suppository b.d.〈section xml:id="abs1-3"〉〈title type="main"〉Results:After 2 weeks, clinical remission was observed in 16 of 25 (64%) in the Pentasa group and in 7 of 25 (28%) in the Claversal 500 mg b.d. treated group; sigmoidoscopic remission occurred in 13 of 25 (52%) in the Pentasa group and in six of 25 (24%) in the Claversal group (P 〈 0.01). After 4 weeks, clinical and sigmoidoscopic remission were observed, respectively, in 84 and 76% of patients treated with Pentasa suppositories, and in 80 and 72% of patients treated with Claversal suppositories 500 mg b.d. (P= N.S.). The patients' evaluation for tolerability and practicality showed that the Pentasa suppository was significantly superior to the Claversal suppository.〈section xml:id="abs1-4"〉〈title type="main"〉Conclusions:Pentasa 1 g suppository once daily induces a quicker clinical and sigmoidoscopic remission, and was better tolerated, than the Claversal 500 mg suppository b.d., and it may represent an advance for the topical treatment of distal proctosigmoiditis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2036.1997.00259.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Long-term efficacy of bismuth carbomer enemas in patients with treatment-resistant chronic pouchitis (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 11 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background: Mucosal inflammation of the ileal pouch (pouchitis) is the major long-term complication after ileal pouch-anal anastomosis for ulcerative colitis. Broad-spectrum antibiotics are the mainstay of treatment, however, 15% of patients with pouchitis have a chronic, treatment-resistant disease. Aim: To determine the safety and efficacy of bismuth carbomer enemas in achieving and maintaining remission in treatment-resistant chronic pouchitis. Methods: Twelve patients with treatment-resistant chronic pouchitis were treated nightly for 45 days with enemas containing elemental bismuth complexed with carbomer. Diagnosis of pouchitis and response to treatment were evaluated with the Pouchitis Disease Activity Index (PDAI), which includes clinical, sigmoidoscopic and histological criteria. Serum bismuth concentrations were determined by atomic absorption. Results: Ten of 12 patients (83%) went into remission, with a significant decrease of mean total PDAI score from 12 (range 9–15) to 6 (4–15) (P 〈 0.002), and were continued on bismuth carbomer enemas administered every third night for 12 months. Patients were monitored clinically, sigmoidoscopically and histologically every 2 months for evidence of recurrence (increase ≥ 2 in the clinical symptom portion of the PDAI). Six of 10 patients (60%) were able to maintain remission throughout the 12-month trial; 4/10 had an exacerbation, two of which occurred soon after discontinuing daily treatment. Serum bismuth levels were negligible in all patients and no side-effects were registered. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that bismuth carbomer enemas are safe and effective in achieving and maintaining remission in patients with treatment-resistant chronic pouchitis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2036.1997.00217.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Systemic availability of 5-aminosalicylic acid: comparison of delayed release and an azo-bond preparation (1996)
    Oxford BSL : Blackwell Science
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 10 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Aim: To determine the systemic uptake of 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) and acetyl-5-ASA (Ac-5-ASA) at steady state during treatment with either an azo-bond preparation, olsalazine, or a delayed-release mesalazine. Methods: In an open cross-over trial with randomized sequence, 15 patients with ulcerative colitis in remission were given 7-day courses of olsalazine (Dipentum 1.0 g daily) and of mesalazine (Asacol 1.6 g daily). Plasma and urine were collected on days 6 and 7 of each course and concentrations of 5-ASA and Ac-5-ASA were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Results: Mean steady-state plasma concentrations of 5-ASA and Ac-5-ASA were significantly higher after treatment with mesalazine than with olsalazine (P〈 0.0001). Total urinary excretion of 5-ASA and Ac-5-ASA as a percentage of the given dose was significantly higher on mesalazine than on olsalazine (P〈0.01).Only two patients experienced, during the first 3 days of treatment with olsalazine, transient watery diarrhoea which resolved spontaneously. No unexpected or major changes in haematology or biochemistry were detected during the study. Conclusion: As 5-ASA acts locally, the lower systemic load provided by olsalazine may increase efficacy and reduce the potential risk of nephrotoxicity during long-term maintenance treatment of ulcerative colitis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2036.1996.26168000.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Antibiotic combination therapy in patients with chronic, treatment-resistant pouchitis (1999)
    Oxford UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 13 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: : Pouchitis is the major long-term complication after ileal pouch-anal anastomosis for ulcerative colitis. About 15% of patients have a chronic, treatment-resistant disease.〈section xml:id="abs1-2"〉〈title type="main"〉Aims: To evaluate the efficacy of an antibiotic combination for chronic active, treatment-resistant pouchitis.〈section xml:id="abs1-3"〉〈title type="main"〉Patients and Methods: Eighteen patients were treated orally with rifaximin 1 g b.d. + ciprofloxacin 500 mg b.d. for 15 days. Symptoms assessment, endoscopic and histological evaluations were performed at screening and after 15 days using the Pouchitis Disease Activity Index (PDAI). Improvement was defined as a decrease of at least 3 points in PDAI score, and remission as a PDAI score of 0. Systemic absorption of rifaximin was determined by high performance liquid chromatography. Faecal samples were collected before and after antibiotic treatment for stool culture.〈section xml:id="abs1-4"〉〈title type="main"〉Results: Sixteen out of 18 patients (88.8%) either improved (n=10) or went into remission (n=6); the median PDAI scores before and after therapy were 11 (range 9–17) and 4 (range 0–16), respectively (P 〈 0.002). No side-effects were reported. Rifaximin plasma levels and urinary excretion were negligible, confirming its mainly topical activity. A significant decrease in total anaerobes and aerobes, enterococci, lactobacilli, bifidobacteria and bacteroides in faecal samples was observed, while the reduction in number of coliforms and Clostridium perfringens did not reach a statistical significance.〈section xml:id="abs1-5"〉〈title type="main"〉Conclusions: A combination of rifaximin and ciprofloxacin was effective in patients with active chronic, treatment-resistant pouchitis, suggesting the need, in these patients, for treatment using antibiotic agents with wide antibacterial spectrum of activity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2036.1999.00553.x
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