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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inhibition of postprandial colonic motility by sulpiride in patients with irritable colon (1983)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 24 (1983), S. 769-772 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: sulpiride ; gastrocolic reflex ; dopaminergic receptors ; irritable bowel syndrome
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Sulpiride, a benzamide derivative, selectively antagonizes dopaminergic receptors within and outside the central nervous system. Dopamine has previously been shown to increase colonic motility. In the present investigation the motor response of the pelvic colon to a standard 1000 calorie meal was studied in 12 patients with the irritable bowel syndrome. The meal induced a significant increase in motor activity, lasting for 1 h and greatest in the first 30 min. In 6 cases the administration of sulpiride 100 mg i.m. significantly reduced the postprandial increase in colonic motor activity. Thus dopaminergic receptors may be involved in the colonic motor response to food.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00607085
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of domperidone and dopamine on colonic motor activity in patients with the irritable bowel syndrome (1985)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 29 (1985), S. 307-310 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: domperidone ; irritable bowel syndrome ; colonic motility ; dopamine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The effect of domperidone, a peripheral antidopaminergic drug, on sigmoid motor activity in the irritable bowel syndrome, has been evaluated by measuring pressures in 3 opentipped tubes perfused with distilled water at a constant flow rate of 0.636 ml/min and inserted into the sigmoid colon. Domperidone 20 mg i.v. in 10 patients, did not induce any significant change in basal motility, but prevented the increase in motor activity produced by the infusion of dopamine 5 µg/kg/min for 10 min. It appears that domperidone had no effect on sigmoid motor activity, although the inhibition of dopamine-induced motility confirms the presence of specific dopaminergic receptors in the colon and the antidopaminergic action of domperidone.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00544085
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reduction by cimetropium bromide of the colonic motor response to eating in patients with the irritable bowel syndrome (1988)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 33 (1988), S. 571-575 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: cimetropium bromide ; colonic motility ; anticholinergics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Cimetropium bromide is an antimuscarinic compound with antispasmodic properties. Its effect on meal-stimulated sigmoid motor activity in 30 patients with the irritable bowel syndrome, mainly with pain and constipation, has been evaluated. The mechanical activity of the sigmoid colon was recorded with a probe with three open-tipped tubes ending 45, 30, and 15 cm from the anal margin. After a recording period of 60 min, 5 mg cimetropium bromide or saline was given i.v., according to a randomized, double-blind design 5 min before a 1000 calorie meal, and motility was then recorded for 2 h. The meal caused a significant increase in motor activity for 90 min in the saline-treated group. Cimetropium bromide abolished the peak of motor activity 10–20 min after the meal and significantly inhibited postprandial colonic motility for at least 2 h (p〈0.01). This effect provides a rationale for the use of cimetropium bromide in treatment of the irritable bowel syndrome.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00542489
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rifaximin systemic absorption in patients with ulcerative colitis (1998)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 54 (1998), S. 91-93 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Key words Ulcerative colitis ; Rifaximin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002280050426
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Treatment of distal colitis (1999)
    Springer
    Techniques in coloproctology 3 (1999), S. 175-177 
    Details
    ISSN: 1128-045X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s101510050039
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oral beclometasone dipropionate in the treatment of extensive and left-sided active ulcerative colitis: a multicentre randomised study (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 17 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Aim:  To explore the efficacy and safety of the topically acting steroid beclometasone dipropionate (BDP) in an oral controlled release formulation in the treatment of extensive or left-sided ulcerative colitis.Methods:  In a multicentre, randomised, parallel-group, single-blind study, patients with active mild to moderate ulcerative colitis were randomised to a 4-week treatment with BDP 5 mg/day o.d. vs. 5-ASA 0.8 g t.d.s. The primary efficacy variable was the decrease of Disease Activity Index (DAI) (clinical symptoms and endoscopic appearance of mucosa). Safety was evaluated by monitoring adverse events, vital signs, haematochemical parameters and adrenal function.Results:  One hundred and seventy-seven patients were enrolled and randomly treated with BDP (n = 90) or 5-ASA (n = 87). Mean DAI score decreased in both treatments groups (P 〈 0.0001 vs. baseline for both groups). Clinical remission was achieved in 63.0% of patients in the BDP group vs. 62.5% in the 5-ASA group. A significant DAI score improvement (P 〈 0.05) in favour of BDP was observed in patients with extensive disease. Both treatments were well tolerated. Mean plasma cortisol levels were significantly reduced vs. baseline in BDP recipients, but without signs of pituitary–adrenal function depletion.Conclusion:  Oral BDP gave an overall treatment result in patients with active ulcerative colitis without signs of systemic side-effects.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2036.2003.01609.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Monitoring activity in ulcerative colitis (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science, Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 16 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The monitoring of patients with ulcerative colitis is easier than in patients with Crohn's disease for several reasons: the severity of symptoms and activity of inflammation tend to run parallel in ulcerative colitis when involvement of the large bowel is more extensive. The easy accessibility of the colonic mucosa by endoscopic and histologic examination provides further information concerning the degree of inflammation. In severe attacks, the patient must be admitted to hospital and monitored carefully. Clinical and laboratory parameters (such as daily stools, CRP, fever, haemoglobin, albumin, etc.) and plain abdominal X-ray are useful in monitoring the activity of the disease and to predict the outcome. In mild to moderate attacks, endoscopic and histologic evaluation are the best methods for choosing the appropriate treatment and for assessing response.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2036.16.s4.1.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Treatment of mild to moderate ulcerative colitis and pouchitis (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science, Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 16 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The meta-analyses of published trials have shown topical therapy with 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) to be the treatment of choice in active distal ulcerative colitis. Oral aminosalicylates are effective for both distal and extensive ulcerative colitis, but in distal colitis the rates of improvement and remission are usually lower than those reported for rectal 5-ASA therapy. An alternative to 5-ASA therapy is represented by the new steroids; budesonide and beclometasone dipropionate (BDP) enemas, the most extensively studied, have been shown to be as effective as conventional steroids but with a significantly lower inhibition of plasma cortisol. Patients who do not respond to 5-ASA or new steroids should be treated with oral steroids. Azathioprine or 6-mercaptopurine may be effective in patients who do not respond or cannot be weaned off steroids. Treatment of pouchitis is largely empirical and few controlled studies have been carried-out. Antibiotics are the treatment of choice and most patients make a good response to metronidazole or ciprofloxacin. Chronic refractory pouchitis may benefit from a prolonged course of a combination of antibiotics. Highly concentrated probiotics (VSL#3) are effective both for the prevention of pouchitis onset and the prevention of relapses.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2036.16.s4.3.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The management of refractory Crohn's disease (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science, Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 16 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Refractoriness to conventional therapy is a common and intriguing problem in Crohn's disease patients. At the present time there is no agreement on its definition and several mechanisms are involved in its determination. Immunosuppressors, such as azathioprine (AZA), 6-mercaptopurine (6MP) and methotrexate (MTX) are effective drugs for controlling the inflammatory process and avoid chronic glucocorticosteroid treatment and its related related side-effects. Recently, the introduction of tumour necrosis factor antibodies (infliximab) has dramatically changed the natural history of Crohn's disease and its therapeutic approach. Several studies have determined the efficacy, mechanisms and safety of infliximab. However, this molecular approach has also left several questions unanswered about the mechanisms of refractoriness, possible concomitant treatments and long-term safety and efficacy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2036.16.s4.6.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparison of mesalazine suppositories in proctitis and distal proctosigmoiditis (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 11 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Mesalazine suppositories at 500 mg b.d. are a safe and effective treatment for patients with ulcerative proctitis or distal proctosigmoiditis. Recently a mesalazine 1 g suppository (Pentasa) has been developed.〈section xml:id="abs1-2"〉〈title type="main"〉Methods:Fifty patients with active ulcerative colitis extending not beyond 20 cm from the anus on sigmoidoscopy, participated in a randomized single-blind study comparing the efficacy, tolerance and acceptance of the new Pentasa mesalazine 1 g suppository, given once daily versus Claversal mesalazine 500 mg suppository b.d.〈section xml:id="abs1-3"〉〈title type="main"〉Results:After 2 weeks, clinical remission was observed in 16 of 25 (64%) in the Pentasa group and in 7 of 25 (28%) in the Claversal 500 mg b.d. treated group; sigmoidoscopic remission occurred in 13 of 25 (52%) in the Pentasa group and in six of 25 (24%) in the Claversal group (P 〈 0.01). After 4 weeks, clinical and sigmoidoscopic remission were observed, respectively, in 84 and 76% of patients treated with Pentasa suppositories, and in 80 and 72% of patients treated with Claversal suppositories 500 mg b.d. (P= N.S.). The patients' evaluation for tolerability and practicality showed that the Pentasa suppository was significantly superior to the Claversal suppository.〈section xml:id="abs1-4"〉〈title type="main"〉Conclusions:Pentasa 1 g suppository once daily induces a quicker clinical and sigmoidoscopic remission, and was better tolerated, than the Claversal 500 mg suppository b.d., and it may represent an advance for the topical treatment of distal proctosigmoiditis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2036.1997.00259.x
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