Library

feed icon rss

Your email was sent successfully. Check your inbox.

An error occurred while sending the email. Please try again.

Proceed reservation?

Export
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    The journal of membrane biology 93 (1986), S. 111-132 
    ISSN: 1432-1424
    Keywords: planar lipid bilayers ; alamethicin ; α-helix dipole ; dipole moment ; voltage-dependent gating ; flip-flop mechanism
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The voltage-dependence of channel formation by alamethicin and its natural analogues can be described by a dipole flip-flop gating model, based on electric field-induced transbilayer orientational movements of single molecules. These field-induced changes in orientation result from the large permanent dipole moment of alamethicin, which adopts α-helical conformation in hydrophobic medium. It was, therefore, supposed that the only structural requirement for voltage-dependent formation of alamethicin-type channels might be a rigid lipophilic helical segment of minimum length. In order to test this hypothesis we synthesized a family of lipophilic polypeptides—Boc-(Ala-Aib-Ala-Aib-Ala) n -OMe,n=1–4—which adopt α-helical conformation forn=2–4 and studied their interaction with planar lipid bilayers. Surprisingly, despite their large difference in chain length, all four polypeptides showed qualitatively similar behavior. At low field strength of the membrane electric field these polypeptides induce a significant, almost voltage-independent increase of the bilayer conductivity. At high field strength, however, a strongly voltage-dependent conductance increase occurs similar to that observed with alamethicin. It results from the opening of a multitude of ion translocating channels within the membrane phase. The steady-state voltage-dependent conductance depends on the 8th–9th power of polypeptide concentration and involves the transfer of 4–5 formal elementary charges. From the power dependences on polypeptide concentration and applied voltage of the time constants in voltage-jump current-relaxation experiments, it is concluded that channels could be formed from preexisting dodecamer aggregates by the simultaneous reorientation of six formal elementary charges. Channels exhibit large conductance values of several nS, which become larger towards shorter polypeptide chain length. A mean channel diameter of 19 Å is estimated corresponding roughly to the lumen diameter of a barrel comprised of 10 α-helical staves. Similar to experiments with the N-terminal Boc-derivative of alamethicin we did not observe the burst sequence of nonintegral conductance steps typical of natural (N-terminal Ac-Aib)-alamethicin. Saturation in current/voltage curves as well as current inactivation in voltage-jump current-relaxation experiments are found. This may be understood by assuming that channels are generated as dodecamers but, while reaching the steady state, reduce their size to that of an octamer or nonamer. We conclude that the overall behavior of these synthetic polypeptides is very similar to that of alamethicin. They exhibit the same concentration and voltage-dependences but lack the stabilizing principle of resolved channel states characteristic of alamethicin.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1984 (1984), S. 1117-1128 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Konformation von Boc-L-Ala-Aib-L-Ala-OMe im Kristall und in LösungBoc-L-Ala-Aib-L-Ala-OMe (1) kristallisert in der Raumgruppe P21 mit a = 11.732(1), b = 6.013(1), c = 14.195(2) Å, β = 91.76(1)→ und Z = 2(R-Faktor für 3089 Reflexe: 0.047). Das Peptid bildet einen neuen Typ eines β-Turns mit einer sehr langen 4→1-Wasserstoffbrücke (3.621 Å). Diese Aufweitung läßt sich wie bei Ac-L-Ala-Aib-L-Ala-OMe mit der Ausbildung eines zweidimensionalen Netzes von starken intermolekularen Wasserstoffbrücken in der bc-Ebene erklären. Temperatur- und Lösungsmittel-abhängige 1H- und 13C-NMR zeigen eine Wasserstoffbrücke von Boc-CO zu NH-3Ala in Lösung, E/Z-Isomerie der Boc-Urethanbindung und eine große magnetische Nichtäquivalenz der beiden geminalen Aib-Methylgruppen. Die ungewöhnliche Konformation von 1 spiegelt sich auch im CD-Spektrum wider, das sich von den meisten Aib-Tripeptiden unterscheidet.
    Notes: Boc-L-Ala-Aib-L-OMe (1) crystallizes in the space group P21 with a = 11.732(1), b = 6.013(1), c = 14.195(2) Å, β = 91.76(1)→, and Z = 2(R value for 3089 reflexions: 0.047). The peptide adopts a new type of β-turn with a very wide 4→1 hydrogen bond distance of 3.621 Å. As for Ac-L-Ala-Aib-L-Ala-Me this distortion can be attributed to strong intermolecular hydrogen bonds forming a two-dimensional network in the bc plane. Temperature and solvent dependent 1H and 13C NMR reveal a hydrogen bond from Boc-CO to NH-3Ala in solution, E/Z isomerism of the Boc urethane bond, and a large magnetic nonequivalence of the two geminal Aib methyl groups. The unusual conformation of 1 is reflected also in its CD spectrum, which differs from most of comparable Aib containing tripeptides.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
Close ⊗
This website uses cookies and the analysis tool Matomo. More information can be found here...