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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Somatostatin-like immunoreactivity and substance-P-like immunoreactivity in the CSF of patients with senile dementia of Alzheimer type, multi-infarct syndrome and communicating hydrocephalus (1985)
    Springer
    Journal of neurology 232 (1985), S. 346-351 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Somatostatin ; Substance P ; Senile dementia, Alzheimer type ; Cerebrospinal fluid
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The concentrations of somatostatin-like immunoreactivity (SLI) and substance-P-like immunoreactivity (SPLI) in lumbar spinal fluid of patients with senile dementia of the Alzheimer type (SDAT), multi-infarct syndrome, communicating hydrocephalus and control patients were determined by specific radio-immunoassay. Mean SLI and SPLI levels were significantly lower in an aged control patient group (mean age 83.5±5.6 years) than in an adult control patient group (mean age 30.8±10 years). In the latter group SPLI levels correlated negatively with age. Mean SLI levels decreased with deterioration in SDAT patients by up to 33% in late dementia. SPLI correlated with SLI in SDAT patients but was decreased significantly only in late dementia patients. Moderate and insignificant decreases of SLI were observed in patients with multi-infarct syndrome or communicating hydrocephalus. Analysis of SLI by gel-permeation chromatography revealed molecular heterogeneity of SLI. At least four peaks of SLI were eluted, two of which had apparent molecular weights of about 10,000 and 15,500, possibly representing somatostatin precursors. The ratio of SRIF to SLI of higher molecular weight was increased in patients with dementia compared to control patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00313833
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Is clonidine growth hormone stimulation a good test to differentiate multiple system atrophy from idiopathic Parkinson's disease? (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of neurology 247 (2000), S. 853-856 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Key words Multiple system atrophy Parkinson's disease ; Clonidine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Clonidine, a centrally active α2-adrenoreceptor agonist used to lower blood pressure, has been proposed to differentiate central from peripheral autonomic deficits and multiple system atrophy (MSA) from untreated idiopathic Parkinson's disease (IPD). A lack of growth hormone (GH) increase after clonidine infusion is found in patients with MSA, but not in those with IPD or with pure autonomic failure. We studied 19 IPD and 7 MSA patients to assess whether this test could be used in clinical practice to distinguish MSA from IPD, whatever the stage of the disease. Serum GH levels were measured 15, 30, 45 and 60 min after a 10-min infusion of 2 μg/kg clonidine. GH levels remained stable after clonidine infusion in all 7 MSA patients but increased in only 12 of the 19 IPD patients, while remaining stable in the other 7. No correlation was found with the presence of orthostatic hypotension. We conclude that the GH response to clonidine infusion has a very high sensitivity (100% in our series and in previous studies) for the diagnosis of MSA. However, this response cannot be used as a diagnostic test because of its poor specificity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004150070072
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Plasma dopamine β-hydroxylase in a noradrenalin-secreting pheochromocytoma
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Clinica Chimica Acta 70 (1976), S. 455-458 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-8981
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0009-8981(76)90359-4
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Artifactual Increases in the Concentration of Free GABA in Samples of Human Cerebrospinal Fluid Are Due to Degradation of Homocarnosine (1982)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 39 (1982), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: Samples of untreated human cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) were kept at room temperature (20±1°C) up to 72 h, and changes in γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and homocarnosine contents were measured. The concentration of free GABA increased with time, and concomitantly a similar decrease occurred in the concentration of homocarnosine. Total GABA after hydrolysis (present in human CSF at concentrations 40–100 times that of free GABA) did not change. After 2 h the increase in CSF GABA for seven subjects ranged from 42 to 244 pmol/ml. The rate of increase in CSF GABA was positively correlated with the initial homocarnosine concentration. Approximately 5% per h of the initial homocarnosine content was degraded during the first 7 h at room temperature; thereafter the rate gradually decreased. No free GABA was formed in CSF frozen at −70°C for 10 days. When this CSF was restored to room temperature, the formation of free GABA from homocarnosine occurred at essentially the same rate as that observed in fresh CSF. These results demonstrate that the well-known artifactual increase in GABA concentration of untreated human CSF depends on the concentration of homocarnosine. The rapidity of this increase (up to 2 pmollmlimin) could account for disparities among CSF free GABA concentrations previously reported from normal subjects. It is suggested that measurement of concentrations of total GABA in the CSF would provide a better index of human brain GABA concentration than determination of CSF free GABA.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.1982.tb11497.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Blockade of “antiabsence” activity of sodium valproate by THIP in rats with petit mal-like seizures (1985)
    Springer
    Journal of neural transmission 63 (1985), S. 133-141 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1463
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Wistar rats from our laboratory spontaneously present frequent epileptic seizures whose clinical semeiology, EEG signs and pharmacological reactivity resemble absence seizures in humans. In these rats, GABAmimetics such as THIP enhance the duration of seizures in a dose-dependent fashion. In contrast to the action of these drugs, valproate sodium (VPA), which potentiates GABAergic transmission, abolishes the seizures. VPA injected in association with THIP completely loses its therapeutic effects; moreover, VPA potentiates the aggravating effects of THIP. Ethosuximide which does not interact with GABA, was still effective when given in association with THIP. These findings raise questions as to 1. the role of GABAergic neurotransmission in the occurrence of spontaneous petit mal-like seizures in the rat, and 2. the mode of action of antiepileptics against these seizures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01252613
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Audiogenic seizures in Wistar rats before and after repeated auditory stimuli: clinical, pharmacological, and electroencephalographic studies (1988)
    Springer
    Journal of neural transmission 72 (1988), S. 235-244 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1463
    Keywords: Audiogenic seizures ; kindling ; EEG
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A strain of Wistar rats was inbred for susceptibility to audiogenic seizures characterized by one or two wild running fits followed by tonic dorsiflexion with open mouth and then a catatonic state. During the tonic phase, the cortical EEG was flat for 1 to 2 sec, then changed to a slow, regular lowamplitude discharge, 9 to 12c/s, for 25 to 60 sec. In these rats exposed to 40 daily 90-sec auditory stimuli, behavior and EEG changed. The wild running became disorganized by myoclonic jerks of the limbs and body. In some animals, the tonic extension disappeared and a myoclonic seizure developed progressively, with facial and forelimb clonus, and rearing and falling. In others, the tonic phase was followed by a generalized clonic phase. The EEG during the myoclonic and tonic-clonic seizures showed high-amplitude rhythmic spikes, polyspikes and spike-waves, 1 to 10 c/s, for 40 to 120 sec, often outlasting the sound stimulus. The effects of ethosuximide, carbamazepine and phenytoin were the same on primary and modified audiogenic seizures. The progressive behavioral and EEG modifications of audiogenic seizures following repeated auditory stimuli suggest that kindling had developed, the seizures being propagated from the brain stem to forebrain structures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01243422
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Multiple sclerosis, sleep latencies and HLA antigens (1989)
    Springer
    Journal of neurology 236 (1989), S. 309-310 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Multiple sclerosis ; HLA antigens ; Multiple sleep latency test
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The role of HLA antigens, and HLA-DR2 in particular, in the determination of mean sleep onset latencies (MSOLs) in multiple sclerosis (MS) was studied. It has been suggested that this antigen may play a part in the reduction of MSOLs, since nearly 100% of patients suffering from narcolepsy are DR2-positive. A multiple sleep latency test was performed in 37 patients suffering from MS without spontaneous complaints of sleep disturbances and who were typed for HLA-A, B, C, DR and DQ. The MSOL was reduced in a total of 21 patients, in only 7 of 15 DR2-positive patients and in 12 of 21 DQw1-positive patients. However, it was reduced in 13 of 16 B8- or B14-positive patients. In contrast with this, in the absence of an early sleep onset (MSOL 〉30 min), no HLA antigens were found to be over-represented when considered individually; only those patients positive for a group of cross-reacting HLA antigens (B5, B15, B18, B21 or B35) had an MSOL greater than 30min. These results suggest that the genes which code for the DR2 or DQw1 antigens, which are present in nearly 100% of narcoleptics, are not solely responsible for the appearance of an early sleep onset in MS.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00314465
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Intranasal sumatriptan for the acute treatment of migraine (1994)
    Springer
    Journal of neurology 241 (1994), S. 463-469 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Sumatriptan ; Migraine Intranasal administration ; Acute therapy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Two double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomised, multicenter, multinational, parallel-group studies were carried out to identify the optimum dose of intranasal sumatriptan for the acute treatment of migraine. Study medication was taken as a single dose through one nostril in the first study, and as a divided dose through two nostrils in the second study. Totals of 245 and 210 patients with a history of migraine were recruited into the one-and two-nostril studies, respectively. In both studies, headache severity had significantly improved at 120 min after doses of 10–40 mg sumatriptan compared to placebo (P 〈 0.05) and the greatest efficacy rates were obtained with 20 mg sumatriptan. With 20 mg sumatriptan 78% and 74% of patients experienced headache relief in one- and two-nostril studies respectively. Sumatriptan was generally well tolerated, the most frequently reported event being taste disturbance. The results of the two studies are similar and indicate that administering sumatriptan as a divided dose via two nostrils confers no significant advantage over single-nostril administration.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00919706
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    L5 radicular pain related to lumbar extradural gas-containing pseudocyst (1990)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 31 (1990), S. 552-553 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Spine ; Epidural gas ; Epidural cyst
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summay L5 radicular pain related to an epidural gas-containing pseudocyst is described in a 62-year-old female. Transeint resolution of radicular pain was observed after CT-guided gas aspiration. Recurrent radicular pain led to surgical treatment; after operation the radicular pain disappeared.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00340142
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    MRI in multiple sclerosis of the spinal cord: evaluation of fast short-tan inversion-recovery and spin-echo sequences (2000)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 42 (2000), S. 810-813 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Multiple sclerosis ; Spinal cord ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Pulse sequences
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We compared the sensitivity of T2-weighted spin-echo (FSE) and fast short-tau inversion-recovery (fSTIR) sequences in detection of multiple sclerosis of the spinal cord in 100 consecutive patients with clinically confirmed multiple sclerosis (MS); 86 patients underwent also brain MRI. In all, 310 focal lesions were detected on fSTIR and 212 on T2-weighted FSE, spinal cord lesions were seen better on fSTIR images, with a higher contrast between the lesion and the normal spinal cord. In 24 patients in whom cord plaques were shown with both sequences, the cranial study was normal or inconclusive. Assessment of spinal plaques can be particularly important when MRI of the brain is inconclusive, and in there situations fSTIR can be helpful.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002340000429
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