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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    MOLECULAR ANALYSIS OF A CASE OF IgA2 DEFICIENCY (1986)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    International journal of immunogenetics 13 (1986), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1744-313X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: A family with two members with selective IgA2 deficiency was analysed by direct gene analysis with different probes for the IgCH region. No gross gene deletions or rearrangements were detected. Genetic analysis based on serological and molecular markers did not rule out linkage with the IgCH region. However, a defect of other genes not linked to the Ig heavy chain region and controlling the expression of IgA may be possible as well.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-313X.1986.tb01077.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interleukin 1 in the in Vitro Antigen-Induced Antibody Response in the Human Adult and Newborn (1990)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 32 (1990), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Previous studies have shown that in vitro stimulation of human B lymphocytes with antigens such as ovalbumin (OA) induces the Formation of small antigen-specific plaque-forming cells (PFC) but precludes the activation of the B cells into full-blown antibody-secreting cells insufficient production of T cell-derived growth and differentiation factors appears to be the basis of the phenomenon. Furthermore, cord blood B lymphocytes required 100 limes less OA to become activated in vitro into antigen-specific PFC, and the distinct antigen-handling capacities of neonatal monocytes are the basis of this result. We have studied the role of interleukin 1 (IL-1) in the in vitro response of B lymphocytes from either cord blood or adult blood to OA. Addition of IL-1 to the B-cell cultures significantly increased the number of PFC. and about 50% of the plaques now appeared to be high-rate IgM anti-OA secreting PFC. The IL-1 -mediated increase in the PFC response was shown to be based on potentiation of T-helper cell activity. The differences between cord blood and adult blood mononuclear cells in the optimal OA concentration required for effective in vitro activation of B cells remained the same upon addition of II-1 This result shows that the phenomenon is independent of IL-1.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3083.1990.tb03185.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Human B Lymphocyte In Vitro Response to the Group B Streptococcal Type III Capsular Carbohydrate (1993)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 37 (1993), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Anti-group B streptococcal type III polysaccharide-specific human B cells from the peripheral circulation can be activated and delected in an in vitro culture system. It is possible to detect both IgM- and IgG-producing cells from both seropositive and seronegative donors. The specificity of the response was demonstrated by inhibition with excess liquid phase antigen and the use of related but antigenically distinct control antigens. The response was absent without the addition of T cells, optimal at 10% and 25% T cells respectively for IgM- and IgG-secreting cells, and undetectable using 50% T cells. The optimal antigen concentration for in vitro B-cell activation is 2.5 × 10−4μ/ml. Cells from 5 of 6 seropositive donors and 3 of 7 seronegative donors produced specific IgM antibody after culture with antigen. We conclude that the control of the human antibody response to the group B streptococcal type III polysaccharide is influenced by T cells. The response seen in the culture system may be of value in assessing future vaccine candidates designed to prevent neonatal infections.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3083.1993.tb02563.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The in Vitro B-Cell Response to Pneumococcal Polysaccharides in Adults and Neonates (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 25 (1987), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: In order to gain insight itito the relatively late appearance in ontogeny of responsiveness to T-cell independent (TI) antigens, the in vitro human B-cell response to type 4 pneumococcal polysaccharides (PS4, a human TI-2 antigen) was studied. B cells obtained from adults differentiate into anti-PS4 antibody forming cells upon culturing with PS4, but neonatal B cells obtained from cord blood fail to respond. The culture system used does, however, allow ihe differentiation of B cells reactive with TD antigens, for example ovalbumin. In order to evaluate the concept that in man the anti-PS4 response is derived from a particular B-cell subset we separated adult B cells on the basis of expression of the determinant recognized by the monoclonal antibody FMC7. The anti-PS4 response is found mainly, bul not exclusively, in the FMC7+ subset. The selective unresponsiveness of neonatal B cells to TI-2 antigens is not, however, due to the absence of FMC7+ B cells because, unlike adult blood B cells of which aboul 50% are FMC7+, 100% of neonatal B cells are FMC7+.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3083.1987.tb02215.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    T Cell Subsets and T Cell Function in Cartilage-Hair Hypoplasia (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 46 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Cartilage hair hypoplasia is a rare autosomal recessive form of short-limbed dwarfism associated with a cellular immunodeficiency. In eight patients, the authors studied the presence of T cell subsets and in vitro T cell function in order to address the basis for the immunological disorder. Both the proliferative response to phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) and the PHA-induced IL2 production were 60% lower compared with controls (P  =  0.007 and 0.005, respectively). The impaired proliferative response could not be restored by addition of IL-2. This result is in accordance with a decrease in the percentage of activated T cells expressing the p 55 subunit of the IL-2 receptor complex (CD25). The results define more precisely that T cells from cartilage hair hypoplasia patients are defective in the transition from the G0 to the G1 phase of the cell cycle. Furthermore, the data demonstrate that several CHH patients show a reduced proportion of CD45RA+‘naive’ T cells. However, the in vitro impairment of T cell function cannot solely be explained by imbalance between ‘naive’ and ‘memory’ T cells. Although CHH patients with a history of recurrent respiratory tract infections showed the most aberrant in vitro immune parameters, a clear relationship between clinical data and in vitro parameters could not be established for the whole patient group.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3083.1997.d01-112.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    GENE DELETION AND GENE DUPLICATION WITHIN THE CLUSTER OF HUMAN HEAVY-CHAIN GENES: SELECTIVE ABSENCE OF IgG SUB-CLASSES (1980)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    International journal of immunogenetics 7 (1980), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1744-313X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Individuals with selective absence of IgG1 and IgG2 were discovered by testing for allotypes and isotypes of the respective sub-classes. These individuals were homozygous for sub-class deleted Gm-Am haplotypes, as shown by allotype studies in two families (Gm-;…;g;A2ml/Gm-;n;b;A2ml and Gm-;n;b;A2ml/Gm-;…;b;A2ml) and by a population study of New Guineans (Gm fa;-;b;A2m2). The individuals with IgGl sub-class deficiency showed elevation of IgG2, IgG4 and in particular of IgG3.Gene deletion can result from unequal crossing over which renders a complementary chromosome with a duplication of a sub-class gene. In one family, duplication of γ3 genes was observed to have happened in one of a twin pair. Quantitation of sub-classes in families with γ1- and with γ3-duplicated haplotypes did not show increased levels of the gene involved.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-313X.1980.tb00722.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    CONGENITAL ICHTHYOSIS: CONCURRENT IMMUNODEEICIENCY AND ATYPICAL T CELLS (1979)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    International journal of dermatology 18 (1979), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-4632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: : A patient with Congenital ichthyosis and progressive anomalies showed disturbances in the specific humoral and cellular defense as well as the presemce of atypical lymphoid cells in skin and lymph node. The latter resembled the atypical T cells found in mycosis fungoides and Sézary syndrome. The possibility of the presence of either a cutaneous T cell lymphoma or unregulated T cell stimulation leading to concurrent immunodeficiency in this patient is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-4362.1979.tb05010.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Studies on Fd Fragments of Human Immunoglobulins (1975)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 4 (1975), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Earlier studies on antisera against Fab of pooled human IgG and IgA myeloma proteins disclosed the presence of class-specific Fd antibodies, the demonstration of which required interaction of heavy and light chains. To extend our knowledge about the antigenic structure of the Fd fragment of human immunoglobulins, antisera were prepared in rabbits against γ chains of pooled IgG and of four IgG1 myeloma proteins, an Fdγ fragment and a cyanogen bromide-produced CH1 preparation of an IgG1 myeloma protein, and an Fdα fragment of an IgA1 myeloma protein. No antigenic determinants exclusively confined to the CH1 region of intact human IgG could be demonstrated with these antisera. The antigenic structure of CH1 in intact immunoglobulins may thus only be defined by light-chain-dependent determinants.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3083.1975.tb02613.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Human in Vitro Anti-type 4 Pneumococcal Polysaccharide Antibody Response is Regulated by Suppressor T Cells (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 34 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: In order to study the regulation of the human B-cell response to T-cells independent type 2 (TI-2) antigens, we analysed the role or T-cells in the in vitro antibody response to type 4 pneumococcal polysaccharide (PS4). We found that T cells can positively regulate the in vitro antibody response to PS4 when they arc added into an in vitro B-ceil culture system. In addition we demonstrated that T cells exert a negatively regulating activity. We found that T cells, when cultured for 24 h in the presence of high concentrations of PS4, can suppress the anti-PS4 antibody response. This down-regulation of the anti-PS4 B-cell response is shown to be antigen specific and MHC-restricted. Furthermore, PS4-specific T-cell mediated suppression appears lo be radioresistant and confined to the T-ceil preparations enriched for CD8+ cells. The results show that analogous to results obtained in mice, human T cells are able to exert a regulatory control of the antibody response to Ti-2 antigens.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3083.1991.tb01541.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    In Vitro Activation of Human T Lymphocytes by Haemophilus influenzae Type b Capsular Polysaccharides (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 35 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Polyribosilribitolphosphate (PRP), the capsular polysaccharide from Haemophilus influenzae type b, is a T-cell-independent type 2 antigen. In vitro culture of adult peripheral blood T cells with 15 μg/ml PRP leads to induction of interleukin-2 receptor (IL-2R) expression on up to 10% of T cells. These cells are CD4+ and carry the αβ T-cell receptor. PRP, at concentrations above 1–5 μg/ml, can also induce in vitro proliferation of both adult and neonatal T cells. We conclude that PRP acts as a human T-cell mitogen.The in vitro proliferative response as well as IL-2R expression was studied in T cells derived from adults after vaccination with native PRP, with PRP conjugated to a carrier protein, or with diphtheria toxoid. Vaccination with conjugated PRP decreased the doses of PRP required for in vitro induction of IL-2R expression and T-cell proliferation. This indicates that vaccination with PRP conjugated to a carrier protein improves the in vitro T-cell response to PRP activation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3083.1992.tb02844.x
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