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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A compton spectrometer for the energy range between 10 and 300 MeV and its application to photon flux and photon absorption measurements
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Nuclear Instruments and Methods 108 (1973), S. 517-523 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-554X
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0029-554X(73)90533-8
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nierenerkrankungen im Kindesalter Teil 2: Angeborene Anomalien, zystische Nierenerkrankungen, Tumoren, Trauma (2000)
    Springer
    Der Radiologe 40 (2000), S. 656-673 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2102
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Im ersten Teil dieser Arbeit (Der Radiologe 6/2000) wurden die wichtigsten bildgebenden Verfahren bei Nierenerkrankungen – Sonographie, Ausscheidungsurogramm, Miktions-Zysto-Urethrographie, nuklearmedizinische Verfahren, Magnetresonanztomographie und Computertomographie – und ihre Besonderheiten im Kindesalter beschrieben. Der Beitrag der Bildgebung zur Diagnostik wurde für im Kindesalter häufiger vorkommende Erkrankungen – Harnwegsinfekt, vesikoureterorenaler Reflux, Harntransportstörungen, subpelvine Stenose und Megaureter – dargestellt.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001170050789
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Diagnostik des vesikoureteralen Refluxes mit der echoverstärkten Miktionsurosonographie (1998)
    Springer
    Der Radiologe 38 (1998), S. 405-409 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2102
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Vesikoureteraler Reflux ; Ultraschall ; Echoverstärkte Miktionsurosonographie ; Levovist® ; Miktionszystourethrographie ; Key words Vesicoureteral reflux ; Ultrasonography ; Echo-enhanced voiding urosonography ; Levovist® ; Voiding cystourethrography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Aim: To ascertain the diagnostic efficacy of reflux sonography with the application of the echo-enhancing agent Levovist® in comparison with X-ray voiding cystourethrography (VCUG). Patients and methods: Echo-enhanced voiding urosonography (VUS) and VCUG were performed successively in one examination session in 114 children referred for the investigation of possible vesicoureteral reflux (VUR). After sonography of the urinary tract the bladder was filled with normal saline and Levovist® was administered. Reflux was diagnosed when hyperechogenic, floating microbubbles appeared in the ureters or renal pelvises. Results: A total of 226 kidney-ureter units were available for analysis. Reflux was diagnosed in 80 units. All grades of reflux were represented. In 15 kidney-ureter units VUR was diagnosed with echo-enhanced VUS but was not seen at VCUG. The contrary was true in 3 units. High sensitivity and specificity in comparison to the VCUG could be attributed to the echo-enhanced VUS. The long imaging window attainable with Levovist® makes the documentation of convincing images possible, contributing to the high diagnostic efficacy. Conclusion: Echo-enhanced VUS is comparable to VCUG in the diagnosis of reflux.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Einleitung: Ziel der Arbeit war es, zu prüfen, ob die echoverstärkte Miktionsurosonographie (MUS) der Röntgen-Miktionszystourethrographie (MCU) in der Diagnostik des vesikoureteralen Refluxes (VUR) vergleichbar ist. Methodik: Eine echoverstärkte MUS und eine MCU wurden bei 114 Patienten nacheinander in der gleichen Sitzung zum Nachweis oder Ausschluß eines vesikoureteralen Refluxes (VUR) durchgeführt. Nach einer Sonographie des Harntrakts erfolgte die Füllung der Blase mit Kochsalzlösung und Levovist® (Schering AG, Berlin). Ein Reflux wurde diagnostiziert, wenn sich im Harnleiter oder Nierenbecken hyperechogene, flottierende Mikrobläschen darstellten. Ergebnisse: Es standen 226 Nieren-Harnleiter-Einheiten zur Analyse zur Verfügung. Ein Reflux wurde in 80 Einheiten diagnostiziert. Alle Refluxgrade kamen vor. In 15 Einheiten wurde in der MUS ein VUR diagnostiziert, aber nicht in der MCU. Das Gegenteil war in 3 Einheiten der Fall. Die echoverstärkte MUS hat damit im Vergleich zur Referenzmethode MCU eine hohe Sensitivität und Spezifität. Die lange Kontrastdauer von Levovist® ermöglicht überzeugende Bilder und eine hohe diagnostische Sicherheit. Schlußfolgerung: Die echoverstärkte MUS ist der MCU in der Diagnostik des VUR gleichwertig.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001170050372
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The stereochemistry of the addition of glycerol to D-galactal, catalyzed by β-D-galactosidase
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Carbohydrate Research 58 (1977), S. 73-78 
    Details
    ISSN: 0008-6215
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0008-6215(00)83405-9
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inherited defects of the protein C anticoagulant system in childhood thrombo-embolism (1996)
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 155 (1996), S. 921-927 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Resistance to activated protein C (APCR) ; Protein C ; Protein S ; Childhood thrombo-embolism
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Childhood thrombo-embolism is mostly the result of inherited thrombophilia or vascular insults combined with risk factors such as peripartal asphyxia, fetopathia diabetica, exsiccosis, septicaemia, central lines, congenital heart disease, cancer, trauma, surgery or elevated antiphospholipid antibodies. Inherited thrombophilia includes mainly defects of the protein C pathway, resistance to activated protein C, protein C or protein S deficiency. Resistance to activated protein C, in the majority of cases caused by the point mutation Arg 506 Gln of the factor V gene, has emerged as the most important hereditary cause of thrombo-embolism in adults and children. However, since an acquired risk of thrombo-embolic complications frequently masks the inherited deficiency in affected children, children with thrombo-embolism should have adequate laboratory evaluation for inherited coagulation disorders, especially the protein C pathway. Until more data on childhood thrombo-embolism are available, treatment recommendations will continue to be extrapolated from guidelines for adults.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02282879
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Malignant osteopetrosis obscured by maternal vitamin D deficiency in a neonate (2000)
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 159 (2000), S. 412-415 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Key words Malignant infantile osteopetrosis ; Rickets ; Neonate ; Vitamin D deficiency ; Abbreviations25OHD 25-Hydroxyvitamin D ; 1,25(OH)2D 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D ; PTH Parathyroid hormone ; ALP Alkaline phosphatase
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A neonate presented with clinical, biochemical, endocrine and radiographic features consistent with vitamin D deficiency rickets of maternal origin. Persistent hypocalcemia and subsequent development of pancytopenia, hemolysis and hepatosplenomegaly prompted further studies that led to the diagnosis of infantile osteopetrosis. Conclusion Osteopetrosis is an important differential diagnosis of neonatal rickets and is not excluded by low vitamin D levels.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004310051297
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Connections between whistlers and pulsation activity (2000)
    Springer
    Annales geophysicae 18 (2000), S. 866-873 
    Details
    ISSN: 0992-7689
    Keywords: Electromagnetics (wave propagation) ; Magnetospheric physics (magnetospheric configuration and dynamics; MHD waves and unstabilities)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Simultaneous whistler records of one station and geomagnetic pulsation (Pc3) records at three stations were compared. In a previous study correlation was found between occurrence and L value of propagation/excitation for the two phenomena. The recently investigated simultaneous records have shown that the correlation is better on longer time scales (days) than on shorter ones (minutes), but the L values of the propagation of whistlers/excitation of pulsations are correlated, i.e. if whistlers propagate in higher latitude ducts, pulsations have periods longer than in the case when whistlers propagate in lower latitude ducts.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00585-000-0866-4
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Upstream waves and field line resonances: simultaneous presence and alternation in Pc3 pulsation events (1997)
    Springer
    Annales geophysicae 16 (1997), S. 34-48 
    Details
    ISSN: 0992-7689
    Keywords: Magnetosphere Physics ; MHD waves and instabilities ; Plasmasphere/Solar wind ; magnetosphere interactions
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Based on a detailed study of Pc3 events at an array between L = 1.5 and 3 in Central Europe, the authors found quick changes between upstream waves (UW, i.e. pulsation directly driven by UW) and field line resonance (FLR, i.e. azimuthal oscillations of geomagnetic field lines). The alternation of the two types is especially characteristic (and the UW part stronger) if the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) is highly variable. Events due to field line resonance may have a structure consisting of multiple lines with frequencies differing by about 10%, corresponding to neighbouring shells of field lines separated by about 100 km at the surface. This coincides with previous findings (about 10% at a meridional distance of 80 km). The frequency of the UW type is well correlated with the frequency of waves in the interplanetary medium. Additionally, there are signals of unidentified origin which also seem to be influenced by IMF.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00585-997-0034-1
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Variations in Schumann resonances and their relation to atmospheric electric parameters at Nagycenk station (1997)
    Springer
    Annales geophysicae 15 (1997), S. 1604-1614 
    Details
    ISSN: 0992-7689
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The present study is based on simultaneous measurements of the atmospheric electric potential gradient (PG) and Schumann resonances at Nagycenk station (Hungary) from 1993 to 1996. Annual and semiannual variations detected previously in the relative amplitudes of Schumann resonances (SR) in the first three modes are confirmed by the extended data series applied here. The regular annual variation found in the PG (with winter maximum and summer minimum) is in the opposite phase, compared to that of the SR amplitudes. Nevertheless, even the PG (being a parameter of the DC global circuit) occasionally shows a distinct secondary peak in summer as indicated by the results of the present analysis (and corresponding to a recent study on further parameters of the DC global circuit). In spite of the presumed dominance of local influence over the global one, a suitable PG parameter correlates well with SR (representing the AC global circuit) on the annual time scale. It also became evident that a semiannual variation (with spring and autumn maxima and winter and summer minima) is generally present in SR. Certain signatures of a semiannual variation have also been revealed in the PG, however, the phase of this semiannual variation does not fit the pattern shown by SR (and tropical surface air temperature, respectively). The representativeness of the PG data has also been checked by means of a single day’s diurnal variations displaying a phase corresponding to that of the ‘Carnegie Curve’. Additionally, the coincidence of short-term changes (lasting some hours) both in the SR and the PG parameter is also demonstrated on a day disturbed by local factors. The results are discussed in the context of correlations between surface air temperature and parameters of the atmospheric electric global circuit shown by previous studies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00585-997-1604-y
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sonomorphology and involution of the normal urachus in asymptomatic newborns (1998)
    Springer
    Pediatric radiology 28 (1998), S. 156-161 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1998
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background. The number of reports on the sonomorphology of the urachus or urachal remnants in neonates and the pattern of involution is limited. Objective. To determine whether a sonographically visible urachus in the first months of life is a pathologic condition and whether postnatal involution can be demonstrated by ultrasound. Materials and methods. A total of 102 asymptomatic infants (premature and term newborns) were examined with a high-resolution 7.5-MHz linear transducer between 0 and 60 days of age. In 70 infants, a second examination followed 3–5 months later. Results. In all infants, the urachus could be identified on the first examination. Different morphological types were differentiated. There was no difference between premature and term newborns in the morphology of the urachus. Spontaneous involution of the urachus was observed in all infants receiving a second examination, and they most often showed a fusiform urachal remnant at the apex of the bladder. Conclusion. Involution of the urachus is not complete at birth and can be followed up sonographically in the first months of life. This knowledge should prompt a new strategy in young infants with a discharging umbilicus or even an infected urachus. Instead of early surgery, a conservative approach under sonographic control seems reasonable, because there is a chance of spontaneous involution and any abnormal development can be detected by ultrasound.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002470050318
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