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  • 1975-1979  (3)
  • 1955-1959
  • 1976  (3)
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  • 1975-1979  (3)
  • 1955-1959
Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 41 (1976), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Beef rolls were prepared with coarse-ground beef (25.4 mm plate), 8% added water and either salt, salt plus 0.25% sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP), soy isolate, textured soy protein and modified whey solids at 1, 2 or 3% levels. Binding strength was measured with an Instron as the amount of force necessary to break a beef roll across bridge widths of 75, 100, 125 and 150 mm. Binding strength increased as salt content increased from 1% to 3%. Cook yield increased from 79% with 1% salt to 93% with 3% salt. The addition of 0.25% TPP resulted in an additional increase in binding strength. Cook yield increased from 93% with 1% salt plus 0.25% TPP to 98% with 3% salt plus 0.25% TPP. The modified whey selids at 2% level had the highest binding strength of the nonmeat protein materials added. This was similar to 2 or 3% added salt. The soy isolate at 3% level resulted in the highest cook yield, 78%.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1439-0973
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The reactogenicity and immunogenicity of a new influenza subunit vaccine essentially containing only haemagglutinin and neuraminidase was studied in man. The vaccine was compared to commercially available vaccines, an adjuvant containing tween-ether split vaccine (800 IU per dose), and a fluid whole-virus vaccine (2100 IU per dose). Two dosages (700 and 2100 IU) of the fluid subunit vaccine were compared. All vaccines contained the virus strains recommended by the WHO for the 1975/76 season. In a double-blind study 399 volunteers were randomly selected to receive one of the four vaccines. The volunteers were examined for side-effects 24 and 48 hr after vaccination. Antibodies inhibiting haemagglutination were determined prior to and four weeks after vaccination. The subunit vaccine at 700 IU per dose caused significantly fewer local side effects than the comparable split vaccine, and resulted in significantly higher antibody titers against both influenza A strains. A comparison of the subunit and whole virus vaccines containing high dosages (2100 IU) showed striking differences in reactogenicity. Subunit vaccine was very well tolerated, whereas whole virus vaccine caused systemic reactions, including fever and headache, in 15% of the volunteers. No significant reactogenicity was seen with a high dosage of subunit vaccine (2100 IU) although this is a three-fold increase on the currently used European dosage. Antibody titers were significantly enhanced however.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Eine neue, praktisch nur Hämagglutinin und Neuraminidase enthaltende Influenza-Subunit-Vakzine wurde im Hinblick auf Verträglichkeit und Immunogenität am Menschen untersucht. Zum Vergleich wurden ein im Handel befindlicher adjuvanshältiger Tween-Äther Spaltimpfstoff (Dosierung 800 IE) und eine Ganzvirusvakzine ohne Adjuvans (Dosierung 2100 IE) herangezogen. Zwei Dosierungen (700 und 2100 IE) der Subunit-Vakzine ohne Adjuvans wurden verglichen. Alle Impfstoffe enthielten die von der WHO für die Saison 1975/76 empfohlenen Virusstämme. Die Impfung wurde als Doppelblindstudie durchgeführt, wobei die 399 Probanden den vier Vakzinen randomisiert zugeordnet wurden. Die Probanden wurden 24 und 48 Stunden nach der Impfung im Hinblick auf Nebenwirkungen vom Impfarzt untersucht. Die hämagglutinationshemmenden Antikörper wurden vor und vier Wochen nach der Impfung bestimmt. Der niedrig dosierte Subunit-Impfstoff führte zu signifikant weniger lokalen Nebenreaktionen als die vergleichbar dosierte Spaltvakzine. Die Antikörperbildung war aber hinsichtlich der antikörperstimulierenden Wirkung gegen die in der Vakzine enthaltenen A-Stämme deutlich überlegen. Beim Vergleich der beiden hoch dosierten Vakzinen fiel besonders die gute Verträglichkeit der Subunit-Vakzine auf. Die Impfung mit der Ganzvirusvakzine hatte bei mehr als 15% der Probanden systemische Nebenreaktionen, wie Fieber und Kopfschmerz, zur Folge. In der Induktion von Antikörpern weist die Subunit-Vakzine leichte aber nicht signifikante Vorteile auf. Die Erhöhung auf das Zwei- bis Dreifache der derzeit in Europa üblichen Antigendosierung in der Subunit-Vakzine führt zu einer hoch signifikanten Wirksamkeitssteigerung.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 254 (1976), S. 767-767 
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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