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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    AlGaAs/GaAs double barrier diodes with high peak-to-valley current ratio (1987)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 51 (1987), S. 121-123 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We report the largest peak-to-valley current (PVC) ratios to date from AlGaAs/GaAs double barrier (either alloy barrier or superlattice barrier) diodes. PVC ratios as high as 3.6 and 21.7 were obtained from an AlAs/GaAs superlattice barrier structure at 300 and 77 K, respectively. In an alloy barrier structure with x=0.42 (x=0.3), PVC ratios of 3.9 (2.2) and 14.3 (7.0) were observed at 300 and 77 K, respectively. We attribute these excellent results to a "two-step'' spacer layer incorporated in the devices studied which facilitated the growth of high material quality.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.98588
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lymphatics of the Skin (1986)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    International journal of dermatology 25 (1986), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-4632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-4362.1986.tb03443.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Increased platelet thromboxane receptor sensitivity in diabetic patients with proliferative retinopathy (1986)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 29 (1986), S. 471-474 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Platelets ; thromboxane sensitivity ; cAMP ; proliferative retinopathy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Platelet aggregation to collagen in 12 Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetic patients with background retinopathy and 12 Type 1 diabetic patients with proliferative retinopathy was compared with an age- and sex-matched control group. An analogue of prostaglandin H2, 11,9 epoxymethano-prostaglandin H2, which directly stimulates thromboxane receptors, and EP 092, which is a competitive thromboxane A2 receptor antagonist, were used to investigate changes at platelet thromboxane receptor level in these groups. The concentration of collagen (EC50) required to give 50% of maximum aggregation did not differ between the two diabetic groups and the control group. However, platelets from the proliferative retinopathy group were significantly more sensitive to the thromboxane mimetic (11,9 epoxymethano-prostaglandin H2) (p 〈 0.005) than the background retinopathy and control groups. This change may be a factor in the development of proliferative retinopathy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00453495
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chemical corrosion of E-glass fibres in neutral phosphate solutions (1986)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 21 (1986), S. 2175-2178 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Following local reports of failure of glass reinforced plastic (GRP) tanks used for the storage of ammonium orthophosphate fertilizer, the effect of phosphate solutions on the strength retention of E-glass fibre was investigated. Although solutions (1 to 5 mol dm−3) of mineral acids are known to corrode E-glass fibre, phosphoric acid solution (3 mol dm−3; pH 1.55) is essentially inert and strength retention of the glass fibre after 15 days exposure is the same as the water control. However, as the pH is raised strength retention is diminished and a minimum is observed around pH 7 to 8. A chemical explanation of this behaviour is put forward in terms of leaching and complex formation with calcium and magnesium ions. Although not nearly as corrosive as other agents, evidence suggests that phosphate solutions do corrode E-glass fibre and this should be borne in mind when GRP materials are used in such chemical environments.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00547966
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of monensin on intracellular transport and secretion of α-amylase isoenzymes in barley aleurone (1986)
    Springer
    Planta 167 (1986), S. 252-259 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Aleurone (enzyme secretion) ; α-Amylase ; Gibberellin and enzyme secretion ; Hordeum (enzymes) ; Monensin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The effect of monensin on the secretion of α-amylase and other enzymes from the aleurone layer of barley (Hordeum vulgare L. cv. Himalaya) was studied by electrophoresis followed by fluorography and by pulse-chase and organelle-isolation experiments. Monensin markedly inhibits the secretion, but not the synthesis, of α-amylase, acid phosphatase, and at least four other proteins from the aleurone layer. Monensin treatment causes α-amylase to accumulate within the protoplast, but its effect on the different α-amylase isoenzymes is not equal. The accumulation of isoenzyme 2 is not influenced by monensin while isoenzymes 1, 3 and 4 are not secreted but rather accumulate in the cell when monensin is included in the incubation medium. The α-amylase and acid-phosphatase activities which accumulate within the aleurone cells following treatment with monensin are localized in an organelle having a buoyant density greater than that of endoplasmic reticulum and less than that of mitochondria. In pulse-chase experiments with [35S]methionine, labelled proteins accumulate in this organelle in the presence of monensin and do not appear in the incubation medium. We conclude that monensin inhibits the secretion of proteins from the barley aleurone layer by influencing their intracellular transport.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00391423
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Localization of ATPase in the endoplasmic reticulum and golgi apparatus of barley aleurone (1987)
    Springer
    Protoplasma 138 (1987), S. 73-88 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Keywords: ATPase ; Barley aleurone ; Endoplasmic reticulum ; Gibberellic acid ; Golgi apparatus ; Secretion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The cytochemical localization of adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) was studied in the aleurone layer of barley (Hordeum vulgare L. cv. Himalaya). Isolated barley aleurone layers secrete numerous enzymes having acid phosphatase activity, including ATPase. The secretion of these enzymes was stimulated by incubation of the aleurone layer in gibberellic acid (GA3). ATPase was localized using the metal-salt method in tissue incubated in CaCl2 with and without GA3. In sections of tissue incubated without GA3, cytochemical staining was confined to a narrow band of cytoplasm adjacent to the starchy endosperm and to the cell wall of the innermost tier of aleurone cells. Cytochemical staining was absent from the organelles of tissues not treated with GA3. In tissue incubated in the presence of GA3, cytochemical staining was evident throughout the cytoplasm and cell walls of the tissue. In the cell wall, electron-dense deposits were found only in digested channels. The cell-wall matrix of GA3-treated aleurone did not stain, indicating that it does not permit diffusion of enzyme. In the cytoplasm of GA3-treated aleurone, all organelles except microbodies, plastids, and spherosomes stained for ATPase activity; endoplasmic reticulum (ER), Golgi apparatus, and mitochondria showed intense deposits of stain. The ER of the aleurone is a complex system made up of flattened sheets of membrane, which may be associated with both the Golgi apparatus and the plasma membrane. The dictyosome did not stain uniformly for ATPase activity; rather there was a gradation in staining of the cisternae from thecis (lightly stained) to thetrans (heavily stained) face. Vesicles associated with dictyosome cisternae also stained intensely as did the protein bodies of GA3-treated aleurone cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01281016
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Estimating viability of plant protoplasts using double and single staining (1986)
    Springer
    Protoplasma 135 (1986), S. 80-87 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Keywords: Barley aleurone ; Fluorescein diacetate ; Propidium iodide ; Protoplasts ; Viability determination ; Vital stains
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The utility of numerous dyes for determining the viability of barley (Hordeum vulgare L. cv. Himalaya) aleurone protoplasts was studied. Protoplasts isolated from the barley aleurone layer synthesize and secrete α-amylase isozymes in response to treatment with gibberellic acid (GA) and Ca2+. These cells also undergo dramatic morphological changes which eventually result in cell death. To monitor the viability of protoplasts during incubation in GA and Ca2+, several types of fluorescent and nonfluorescent dyes were tested. Evans blue and methylene blue were selected as nonfluorescent dyes. Living cells exclude Evans blue, but dead cells and cell debris stain blue. Both living and dead cells take up methylene blue, but living cells reduce the dye to its colorless form whereas dead cells and cell debris stain blue. The relatively low extinction coefficient of these dyes sometimes makes it difficult to distinguish blue-stained cells against a background of blue dye. Several types of fluorescent dyes were tested for their ability to differentially stain dead or living cells. Tinopal CBS-X, for example, stains only dead cells, and its high extinction coefficient allows its ultraviolet fluorescence to be recorded even when preparations are simultaneously illuminated with visible light. To double-stain protoplasts, the most effective stain was a combination of fluorescein diacetate (FDA) and propidium iodide (PI). By employing a double-exposure method to record the fluorescence from cells stained with both FDA and PI, dead and living cells could be distinguished on the basis of fluorochromasia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01277001
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