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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Attenuation of shock-induced inflammation in the rat liver depends on the time of TNF-α inhibition (1996)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 74 (1996), S. 51-58 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Key words Tumor necrosis factor ; Hemorrhagic shock ; Leukocyte adhesion ; Intravital microscopy ; Liver
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  The relevance of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) inducing early inflammatory reactions in the liver after hemorrhagic shock, for example, leukocyte adhesion, has been well described. This study evaluated the anti-inflammatory effects of a monoclonal antibody against TNF-α (TN3.19.12) in terms of the time of application, namely, prior to shock induction, at the time of resuscitation, and after resuscitation. The hepatic microcirculation was investigated by intravital fluorescence microscopy in female Sprague-Dawley rats undergoing severe hemorrhagic shock for 60 min and subsequent resuscitation. TN3.19.12 or placebo was given in a randomized and blinded manner either 60 min prior to shock induction, 1 min prior to resuscitation, or 15 min after the onset of resuscitation. The number of firmly adherent leukocytes in the livers of treated animals depended on the time of application of TN3.19.12. Leukocyte adhesion was significantly reduced when TN3.19.12 was given prior to shock induction or at the time of resuscitation and was less effective when administered after the onset of resuscitation. The results further confirm that TNF-α initiates very early pathological leukocyte adhesion in the liver 5 h following shock. Inhibition of leukocyte adhesion after shock, however, depends strongly on the time of TNF-α blocking. While TN3.19.12 prior to shock induction resulted in most effective attenuation, only very early treatment allowed limitation of posttraumatically increased leukocyte adhesion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00202072
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biotype of the purple nonsulfur photosynthetic bacterium, Rhodospirillum centenum (1996)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 165 (1996), S. 91-96 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Key words Phototaxis ; R-bodies ; Cysts ; Swarming ; motility ; Photopigment synthesis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Rhodospirillum centenum exhibited a number of general properties typically observed in nonsulfur purple bacteria, but also displayed a number of unusual characteristics that include: (1) conversion of the vibrioid/spiral cells to thick-walled cysts under certain growth conditions; (2) absence of O2 repression of photopigment synthesis; (3) synthesis of “R-bodies”; and (4) swarming motility on agar surfaces that allows macroscopic observation of colony phototaxis. The unusual characteristics indicate that Rsp.centenum will prove to be a valuable experimental system for investigating various basic problems, especially in connection with photosensory phenomena and the regulation of photopigment synthesis by dioxygen and light. The present comparative study of 13 strains was undertaken to further define the Rsp. centenum biotype.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002030050302
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Grain-boundary slit propagation in an electric field (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 80 (1996), S. 6670-6676 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Advancement of a fine slit along a planar grain boundary in an electric field E0, applied parallel to the slit, is investigated by considering electromigration along both the grain boundary and the slit surface. Electrically induced flux in the grain boundary Igb (+ toward the slit tip) and both electrically and curvature-induced fluxes on the slit surfaces are considered assuming 2Is〉Igb, where Is is the flux (+ away from the slit tip) on each of the parallel slit surfaces far removed from the tip. Steady-state solutions of the transport equations are classified according to the value of a parameter β=tan−1 (2Is/Igb) which, under reasonable assumptions, depends on material parameters only. For 5π/4≥β≥β2, unique steady-state solutions exist; for β2〉β〉β1, multiple steady-state solutions occur; below β1≥π/4, no steady-state solution is possible. Since β1〈π/2, Igb〉0 (flux exiting the grain boundary into the slit) for all cases in which no steady-state solution is possible. In the case of multiple solutions, those corresponding to smallest width (and hence largest velocity) are determined. For all steady-state solutions, slit width and tip velocity scale as E−1/20 and E3/20, respectively. Results also apply to the propagation of a slit within a grain or along a passivation layer. Generally, tip velocities can approach 1 nm/s (3.6 μm/h), thereby representing a likely failure mechanism in fine-line (near bamboo structure) interconnects. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.363792
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Attenuation of shock-induced inflammation in the rat liver depends on the time of TNF-α inhibition (1996)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 74 (1996), S. 51-58 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Tumor necrosis factor ; Hemorrhagic shock ; Leukocyte adhesion ; Intravital microscopy ; Liver
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The relevance of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) inducing early inflammatory reactions in the liver after hemorrhagic shock, for example, leukocyte adhesion, has been well described. This study evaluated the anti-inflammatory effects of a monoclonal antibody against TNF-α (TN3.19.12) in terms of the time of application, namely, prior to shock induction, at the time of resuscitation, and after resuscitation. The hepatic micro-circulation was investigated by intravital fluorescence microscopy in female Sprague-Dawley rats undergoing severe hemorrhagic shock for 60 min and subsequent resuscitation. TN3.19.12 or placebo was given in a randomized and blinded manner either 60 min prior to shock induction, l min prior to resuscitation, or 15 min after the onset of resuscitation. The number of firmly adherent leukocytes in the livers of treated animals depended on the time of application of TN3.19.12. Leukocyte adhesion was significantly reduced when TN3.19.12 was given prior to shock induction or at the time of resuscitation and was less effective when administered after the onset of resuscitation. The results further confirm that TNF-α initiates very early pathological leukocyte adhesion in the liver 5 h following shock. Inhibition of leukocyte adhesion after shock, however, depends strongly on the time of TNF-α blocking. While TN3.19.12 prior to shock induction resulted in most effective attenuation, only very early treatment allowed limitation of posttraumatically increased leukocyte adhesion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00202072
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Water soluble calixarenes as possible metal ion extractants in polyethylene glycol-based aqueous biphasic systems (1996)
    Springer
    Journal of radioanalytical and nuclear chemistry 208 (1996), S. 153-161 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2780
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract The behavior of a water soluble calixarene ligand has been investigated in an (NH4)2SO4/polyethylene glycol-2000 (PEG) aqueous biphasic system. Spectroscopic measurements indicate that 4-sulfonic-calix-6-arene partitions preferentially to the polymer-rich phase in this system. The utility of this ligand as a metal ion extractant was also investigated. The addition of the calixarene (10−2M in initial PEG-rich stock solution) did not significantly enhance the partitioning of Na+, Cs+, Sr2+, Ba2+, Co2+, Cd2+, or UO 2 2+ from the (NH4)2SO4-rich to the PEG-rich phase. The partitioning behavior of these metal ions is dependent, rather, on their Gibbs free energy of hydration (ΔGhyd *).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02039757
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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