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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of early discordant binocular vision on the postnatal development of parvocellular neurons in the monkey lateral geniculate nucleus (1998)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 118 (1998), S. 341-351 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Key words Parvocellular neurons ; Lateral geniculate nucleus ; Strabismus ; Signal transfer ; Monkey
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  The effects of early discordant binocular vision on the fidelity of signal transfer in parvocellular neurons of the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) were investigated in rhesus monkeys reared with ocular misalignment (strabismus). Unilateral convergent strabismus (esotropia) was surgically induced in four infant monkeys between 20 and 30 days of age and the animals were reared in a normally lighted environment until they were adults. Extracellular microelectrode recordings were made in individual units of anesthetized and paralyzed subjects. Drifting sinusoidal gratings were used as visual stimuli. Within-unit comparisons of the LGN action potentials (LGN output) and S potentials (retinal input) were performed to determine the accuracy of signal transfer in the LGN. Contrary to the previous findings in the cat LGN, the signal transfer characteristics of parvocellular units in strabismic monkeys were normal regardless of stimulus spatial frequency, temporal frequency, or contrast. The differences between cats and monkeys in LGN circuitry and the relative maturity of the central visual pathway at the onset of strabismus may have contributed to the apparent species differences in the functional development of the LGN.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002210050288
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Time-resolved fluorescent X-ray interference (1998)
    Chester : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Journal of synchrotron radiation 5 (1998), S. 1075-1078 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5775
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: A fluorescent X-ray interference method can effectively measure nanometer-level conformational changes for non-crystallized molecules and proteins in aqueous conditions. The time-resolved technique can be used to obtain information about the dynamics of molecules and proteins. Instrumentation for time-resolved fluorescent X-ray interference has been designed. A typical interference-fringe pattern was observed with approximately 3 s of X-ray exposure time from K-fluorescent X-rays emitted from a Zn monoatomic layer on an Rh substrate. The primary X-ray beam was polychromed with a mirror for total external reflection of X-rays and was tuned to an energy level at which only Zn K radiation became optimally excited. The glancing angle of the primary X-ray beam was fixed at a glancing angle at which the total intensity of K-fluorescent X-rays emitted from Zn atoms corresponded to the maximum value. The fluorescent X-ray interference fringes were monitored with an imaging plate (IP) as a non-energy-dispersive two-dimensional detector. The exposed interference fringes on the IP were integrated along the direction of the fringes. The integrated fringes were in close agreement with a theoretical estimate based on the interference among transmitted and reflected waves at interfaces in the sample.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0909049598002787
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Direct evidence of autosomal recessive inheritance of Arg24 to termination codon in purine nucleoside phosphorylase gene in a family with a severe combined immunodeficiency patient (1998)
    Springer
    Human genetics 〈Berlin〉 103 (1998), S. 81-85 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Purine nucleoside phosphorylase (PNP) deficiency is a rare immunodeficiency disease involving a T-lymphocyte-dysfunction that is fatal unless bone marrow transplantation is successful. In this study we undertook genetic analysis of a patient with PNP deficiency. Sequencing of the PNP gene, which is located on chromosome 14q13, of the patient led to the identification of three point mutations in exon 2 at amino acid positions 20 (His, silent mutation), 24 (Arg→termination codon) and 51 (Ser→Gly). Intrafamilial sequence analysis of exon 2 revealed that both parents were heterozygous for the Arg24 and termination codon 24 alleles. Two of their three children had inherited different homozygous alleles, termination codon 24 for the patient, and Arg24 for his healthy sibling. Transcriptional termination was suggested as the mechanism giving rise to the disorder in this case. A lack of PNP protein was also confirmed by immunoblot analysis of the patient’s hemolysate. This could be the first report providing evidence of autosomal recessive inheritance in PNP deficiency by sequence-based analysis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004390050787
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Localization of an SLG protein expressed under the regulation of a tapetum-specific promoter in anthers of transgenic Brassica napus (1998)
    Springer
    Sexual plant reproduction 11 (1998), S. 245-250 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2145
    Keywords: Key words Anther ; Self-incompatibility ; S-locus glycoprotein ; Tapetum-specific promoter ; Transgenic Brassica
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  S-locus glycoprotein (SLG) is known to be one of the proteins related to self-incompatibility in Brassica, and its transcripts are detected in anthers as well as stigmas. However, an SLG protein has not been detected in anthers so far. Because of sporophytic control of the self-incompatibility (SI) phenotype of pollen, an SLG gene is expected to be expressed in the sporophytic tissue of anthers, i.e., the tapetum. Overexpression of an SLG gene in the tapetum would enable us to predict the localization and function of an SLG protein in anthers. In this study, an SLG gene of self-incompatible B. campestris under the control of a tapetum-specific promoter was introduced into self-compatible B. napus. Immunoblot analysis using anti-SLG antiserum detected the exogenous SLG protein in the immature anthers, but not in the mature anthers. Immunoelectron microscopy showed the SLG protein to be localized in the tapetum and in the exine cell wall layer at the stage when the tapetum was degenerating. This result indicates the possible movement of the SLG protein from the tapetum to the pollen surface. A pollination test indicated that the pollen of the transgenic B. napus did not gain the SI phenotype.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004970050149
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Abnormalities of basal cell keratin in epidermolysis bullosa simplex do not affect the expression patterns of suprabasal keratins and cornified cell envelope proteins (1998)
    Springer
    Archives of dermatological research 290 (1998), S. 591-597 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-069X
    Keywords: Key words Keratin ; Epidermolysis bullosa simplex ; Cornified cell envelope
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Basal keratins, suprabasal keratins, filaggrin, and cornified cell envelope (CCE) precursor proteins are expressed during the differentiation of epidermal keratinocytes. These molecules are coordinately expressed during epidermal differentiation. The present study investigated the expression patterns of keratins and CCE precursor proteins in 15 patients with epidermolysis bullosa simplex (EBS), which is caused by mutations in the genes that encode for the basal keratins, keratins 5 and 14. The patterns of expression of keratins 5, 14, 1 and 10, filaggrin, and of the three major CCE precursor proteins, involucrin, loricrin and small proline-rich proteins 1 and 2 (SPRs), were studied immunohistochemically and by electron microscopy. In 14 of the 15 patients with EBS, the distribution pattern of keratins was not altered. In one neonate with EBS, basal cell keratins were expressed in the suprabasal layers. Ultrastructurally, numerous clumped tonofilaments were observed in the basal and suprabasal cells. In all cases, findings were positive for filaggrin in the granular cells, with positivity for involucrin in the upper spinous and granular cells. The upper spinous cells and granular cells were positive for SPRs 1 and 2, and loricrin was expressed in granular cells. Ultrastructurally, no marked abnormality was observed in the suprabasal layers such as a decrease in, or agglutination of, keratin filaments, except in one neonate. A CCE about 15 nm thick was formed normally in the cell membrane of cornified cells. The patterns of distributions of basal cell keratins, suprabasal keratins, filaggrin, and CCE precursor proteins, as well as the ultrastructural findings, resembled those of normal skin. Thus, the abnormality in basal cell keratins in patients with EBS did not appear to alter the patterns of expression of the keratins and CCE precursor proteins.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004030050357
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High-spin isomers in 183Os (1998)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 1 (1998), S. 245-246 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Keywords: PACS:21.10.Tg Lifetimes – 23.20.Lv Gamma transitions and level energies – 27.70.+q 150 ≤ A ≤ 189
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract: High-spin states in 183Os have been studied by means of in-beam γ-ray spectroscopy. Two isomers with I π= ((43/2)−) and (43/2)+ have been identified at excitation energies of E x = 5.068 and 5.168 MeV. The half-lives are determined as T 1/2= 27 ± 3 and 24 ± 2 ns.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s100500050056
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Measurement of the lifetime of the first 2+ state in 124Ba (1998)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 2 (1998), S. 13-15 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Keywords: PACS:21.10.Tg Lifetimes – 23.20.-g Electromagnetic transitions – 27.60.+j 90 ≤ A ≤ 149
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract: The lifetime of the first 2+ state in the nucleus 124Ba has been measured by γ-γ coincidence recoil-distance Doppler shift method. The 109Ag(19F, 4n)124Ba reaction at a beam energy of 75 MeV was employed to populate excited states in 124Ba. The mean lifetime was determined to be 275(12) ps using the differential decay curve method. The value of B(E2;01 +→ 21 +) for 124Ba deduced from the lifetime is in reasonable agreement with the prediction of the proton-neutron interacting boson model(IBM-2) without Pauli blocking effect.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s100500050084
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Development of Magnetic Resonance Imaging Technique for Ultra Low Temperature Physics (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of low temperature physics 113 (1998), S. 921-926 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7357
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract We have developed a Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) technique applicable for ultra low temperature physics. In contrast to conventional MRI for general use where a pulsed-field gradient method is commonly used, we used a steady-field gradient method to avoid an eddy current heating due to metallic parts around the sample cell. We applied the MRI for 3 He-4 He mixture liquid with a critical concentration below 1 K and visualized the shape of the phase-separated boundary. We obtained two-dimensional space resolution of a few 10 μm. We extracted the interfacial tension of the boundary which was in good agreement with reported values. The contact angle of the boundary to the cell wall was small at low temperature and increased toward 90° near the critical temperature.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1022571426527
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sound Velocity of Solid 3He in the Nuclear-ordered U2D2 Phase (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of low temperature physics 113 (1998), S. 763-768 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7357
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Sound velocity of solid 3 He with an almost single magnetic domain was measured in the nuclear-ordered U2D2 phase and the paramagnetic phase along the melting curve using 10.98MHz longitudinal ultra-sound. The sound velocity increased with temperatures as T 4 in the U2D2 phase and jumped about 0.1% at the nuclear-ordered temperature T N . Above T N , it increased gradually, going through a maximum around 4mK, and then decreased as temperature increased. The temperature dependence of the sound velocity is attributed to two parts, the change in density of the solid along the melting curve and the temperature dependent internal energy of the nuclear spin. The nuclear spin contribution to the temperature dependent sound velocity agreed qualitatively with measured thermodynamical quantities. Attenuation of the sound at 10.98MHz was smaller than 0.2(cm −1 ).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1022574032462
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Visualization of Spatially Inhomogeneous Spin Relaxation Phenomena In Liquid 3He-4He Mixtures (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of low temperature physics 113 (1998), S. 1043-1048 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7357
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract By using the Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) technique, we studied the spatial recovery of the longitudinal magnetization of liquid 3 He- 4 He mixtures in a 2mm × 2mm × 20mm rectangular parallelepiped sample cell below 1 K. We applied saturation pulses to destroy the magnetization and took two-dimensional pictures of the recovery of the magnetization in three orthogonal planes by the MRI as a function of waiting times. We found from the MRI pictures that the bulk relaxation process was so slow that the surface relaxation and the subsequent diffusion process were dominant mechanisms for the 3He spin relaxation. When the mixture was phase-separated, the magnetization in the concentrated side recovered much faster than that in the diluted side. It was also shown that there was no extra magnetization recovery at the phase boundary. As a result, the magnetization diffused from the concentrated side, flowed through the phase boundary into the diluted side and caused a magnetization recovery in the diluted side.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1022512602846
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