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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of Annealing in Hydrogen on Composition, Structure and Magnetic Properties of Rapidly Quenched Fe-Co-Si-TM-B Ribbons (2000)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Materials science forum Vol. 343-346 (May 2000), p. 835-840 
    Details
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/02/05/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FMSF.343-346.835.pdf
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structural Evidence for the Evolution of Pyrogenic Toxin Superantigens (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular evolution 51 (2000), S. 520-531 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1432
    Keywords: Key words: Protein conformation — Enterotoxins —Staphylococcus aureus— MHC class II — T-cell receptor — Toxic shock syndrome toxin-1
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract. Pathogenic bacteria have evolved a wide variety of toxins to invade and attack host organisms. In particular, strains of the bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes produce a family of pyrogenic toxin superantigens (PTSAgs) that can cause illness, e.g., toxic shock syndrome, or synergize with a number of other immune system disorders. The PTSAgs are all similar in size and have a conserved two-domain tertiary fold despite minimal amino acid sequence identity. The tertiary structure of PTSAg domain 1 is similar to the immunoglobulin binding motif of streptococcal proteins G and L. PTSAg domain 2 resembles members of the oligosaccharide/oligonucleotide binding fold family that includes the B subunits of the AB5 heat-labile enterotoxins, cholera toxin, pertussis toxin, and verotoxin. The strong structural homology between the pyrogenic toxins and other bacterial proteins suggests that the PTSAgs evolved through the recombination of two smaller β-strand motifs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002390010116
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mean residence time of molecules diffusing in a cell bounded by a semi-permeable membrane: Monte Carlo simulations and an expression relating membrane transition probability to permeability (2000)
    Springer
    European biophysics journal 29 (2000), S. 221-227 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1017
    Keywords: Key words Membrane permeability ; Parallel planes ; Sphere ; Biconcave disc ; Bounded diffusion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract  The rapid exchange of water across erythrocyte membranes is readily measured using an NMR method that entails doping a suspension of cells with a moderately high concentration of Mn2+ and measuring the rate of transverse relaxation of the nuclear magnetisation. Analysis of the data yields an estimate of the rate constant for membrane transport, from which the membrane permeability can be determined. It is assumed in the analysis that the efflux rate of the water is solely a function of the rate of membrane permeation and that the time it takes for intracellular water molecules to diffuse to the membrane is relatively insignificant. The limits of this assumption were explored by using random-walk simulations of diffusion in cells modelled as parallel planes, spheres, and biconcave discs. The rate of membrane transport was specified in terms of a transition probability but it was not initially clear what the relationship should be between this parameter and the diffusional membrane permeability P d. This relationship was derived and used to show that the mean residence time for a water molecule is determined by P d when the diffusion coefficient is above a certain threshold value; it is determined by the distance to the membrane below that value.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002490000081
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of Annealing in Hydrogen on Composition, Structure and Magnetic Properties of Rapidly Quenched Fe-Co-Si-TM-B Ribbons (2000)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Journal of metastable and nanocrystalline materials Vol. 8 (May 2000), p. 835-840 
    Details
    ISSN: 1422-6375
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/01/43/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FJMNM.8.835.pdf
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Self-organization of comblike copolymers with end-functionalized side chains: A cellular-automaton-based simulation (2000)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 112 (2000), S. 11069-11079 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Using the cellular-automaton-based simulation technique, we study the processes of self-organization in the systems of comblike copolymers with strongly attracting groups located at the ends of side chains. It is found that at a certain critical association energy, dependent both on polymer volume fraction and on the chemical composition of the copolymers, a micellar phase is nucleated. For the combs with large linear grafting density, a weak extension of the macromolecules is observed as attraction between end groups is increased. We find that the micelle formation observed in the sufficiently dense systems is mainly a result of intermolecular association. From the analysis of the static structure factors and snapshot pictures, it is concluded that the system is spatially inhomogeneous on the intermediate length scales related to the average intermicellar distances. Strong attraction stabilizes the aggregates (multiplets) that serve as junction points of a temporary network (micellar gel). We observe the formation of a specific space-filling weblike network in which strongly attracting side-chain ends group into multiplets which are wrapped by neutral polymer sections connecting these multiplets. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.481747
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of nicotine and caffeine, separately and in combination, on EEG topography, mood, heart rate, cortisol, and vigilance (2000)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing
    Psychophysiology 37 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1469-8986
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine , Psychology
    Notes: Effects of nicotine and caffeine, separately and in combination, were assessed in 12 male habitual smokers in a repeated-measures design. Caffeine (0-mg vs. two 150-mg doses administered in a decaffeinated/sugar-free cola drink post-baseline and 90 min later) was crossed with nicotine (ad libitum own dosing vs. 1.0-mg machine-delivered dose vs. 0.05-mg machine-delivered dose). Participants smoked a total of five cigarettes at 30-min intervals over a 2-hr period. Caffeine and nicotine had large effect sizes on electroencephalogram (EEG) power; however, these effects were modulated by the eyes open versus closed condition, the other drug, and electrode site. EEG effects of open versus closed eyes tended to be of the same size and direction as those of nicotine and caffeine. However, whereas nicotine increased EEG power in some higher frequency bands in some conditions, caffeine decreased EEG power across almost all conditions. Serum cortisol concentration, vigor, and pleasantness were increased by nicotine, but not by caffeine. Level of depressive mood depended on an interaction of caffeine and nicotine. Vigilance performance was enhanced significantly by caffeine and was increased almost significantly by nicotine. The findings were interpreted in terms of common and differential mechanisms of the two drugs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1469-8986.3750583
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mobile globules in benign cystic teratoma of the ovary (2000)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 107 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.2000.tb11592.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Concurrent marketing analysis: a multi-agent model for product, price, place and promotion (2000)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Marketing intelligence & planning 18 (2000), S. 24-30 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-4503
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Marketing management presents challenging ground for the integrated use of intelligent agents. The design of a strategic marketing plan presents a natural division of four distinct yet independent decision problems. Concurrent execution of these four functions can yield a significant decrease in time-to-market for new products, and turnaround time for modified products. Electronic information is a two-edged sword. On the one hand, it results in information overload, taxing the decision- making process. On the other hand, the electronic nature of these vast information flows makes them accessible to intelligent agents who can improve the decision-making process. This paper presents the problem of information overload and decision-making complexity in marketing management. In it, we present a blackboard-based agent architecture that allows individual agents to proceed toward their given goals yet react opportunistically to developments reported by other marketing agents. We present the blackboard model of problem solving, and discuss why it is well suited to support multiple marketing agents. CMA, a multi-agent model for concurrent marketing analysis, is discussed and the agent architecture required for creating a cooperating society of marketing agents is presented.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02634500010308567
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The service-oriented agile logistic control and engineering system: SERVICES (2000)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Logistics information management 13 (2000), S. 77-90 
    Details
    ISSN: 0957-6053
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Introduces the concept of service-oriented agile logistics and presents a generic apparatus for the design of such systems. An analysis of future communication-based logistics leads to the logistic control and engineering system SERVICES. The logistic system is conceived as a "society" of interacting "self-responsible intelligent service-producing actors", where services or functions are taken as the system-base. This means that, instead of working with process-modules, the development of a service-oriented information-system primarily works with service-modules that program the operational interaction between client, service-producer and possibly sub-contracted service-producers. From this the supporting execution-control in the context of the service-producing units can be deduced. A case study of a high-performance deep-sea container terminal is given. This shows that the function-programming system of SERVICES is generic, adequate and effective and that it favours distributed control.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09576050010313965
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Accurate calibration technique for a resonant-mass gravitational wave detector (2000)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 71 (2000), S. 4282-4285 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: The methodology for accurately calibrating the Niobe resonant-mass gravitational wave detector is presented. The transducer is based on a low noise resonant microwave cavity transducer that converts the displacement of the resonating mass to microwave energy. The calibration technique consists of a one off measurement of the microwave frequency versus resonant-mass displacement characteristic. To measure this accurately, known static forces were applied to the resonant mass and the change in the transducer microwave frequency was recorded. With the aid of finite element analysis and accurate measurements of the resonant-mass characteristics, the deflection due to the known force was calculated. The calculated deflections were verified coarsely with measurements from a calibrated linear variable differential transformer. Typically, the detector operates with a 1 mK noise temperature. A best noise temperature of 890 μK between 1300 and 2000 Universal Time Coordinate (UTC) for day 60 in 1997 is reported. The transducer has been upgraded with a new microwave amplifier, which has a measured electronic noise floor 40 dB lower than the previous amplifier, which is only 10 dB above the quantum limit. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1319982
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