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  • 2005-2009  (9)
  • 1985-1989
  • 2005  (9)
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  • 2005-2009  (9)
  • 1985-1989
Year
  • 1
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Although accumulating evidence demonstrates that white matter degeneration contributes to pathology in Alzheimer's disease (AD), the underlying mechanisms are unknown. In order to study the roles of the amyloid-β peptide in inducing oxidative stress damage in white matter of AD, we investigated the effects of amyloid-β peptide 25–35 (Aβ) on proinflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)-induced inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in cultured oligodendrocytes (OLGs). Although Aβ 25–35 by itself had little effect on iNOS mRNA, protein, and nitrite production, it enhanced TNF-α-induced iNOS expression and nitrite generation in OLGs. Aβ, TNF-α, or the combination of both, increased neutral sphingomyelinase (nSMase) activity, but not acidic sphingomyelinase (aSMase) activity, leading to ceramide accumulation. Cell permeable C2-ceramide enhanced TNF-α-induced iNOS expression and nitrite generation. Moreover, the specific nSMase inhibitor, 3-O-methyl-sphingomyelin (3-OMS), inhibited iNOS expression and nitrite production induced by TNF-α or by the combination of TNF-α and Aβ. Overexpression of a truncated mutant of nSMase with a dominant negative function inhibited iNOS mRNA production. 3-OMS also inhibited nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) binding activity induced by TNF-α or by the combination of TNF-α and Aβ. These results suggest that neutral sphingomyelinase/ceramide pathway is required but may not be sufficient for iNOS expression induced by TNF-α and the combination of TNF-α and Aβ.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant breeding 124 (2005), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1439-0523
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: A novel cytoplasmic male sterility-fertility restoration system has been developed in rapeseed (Brassica napus). The cytoplasmic male sterile line 681A was derived from a spontaneous male sterile mutant in a newly released double-low rapeseed cultivar ‘Xiangyou 13′. The restorer line 714R was identified in the interspecific progeny from a B. napus×B. juncea-cross. Genetic analysis showed that fertility restoration for 681A cytoplasmic male sterility was controlled by a single dominant nuclear gene which might originate from B. juncea. The RAPD marker S1039-520 was found to be linked to the restorer gene in F2 progeny of 681A × 714R with a recombination frequency of 5.45%.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Journal of periodontal research 40 (2005), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1600-0765
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Objectives:  Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are implicated in the destruction of the periodontium during inflammatory periodontal diseases. The imbalance in oxidant/antioxidant activity may be a key factor in the damaging effects of ROS. This study aimed to determine the lipid peroxidation levels in gingival crevicular fluid and saliva, and glutathione (GSH) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in saliva in patients with chronic periodontitis.Methods:  Gingival crevicular fluid and saliva were collected from 13 patients and 9 healthy control subjects during the preliminary study, and from 21 patients during the subsequent study. Lipid peroxidation level, GSH level and GPx activity were determined by spectrophotometric assay.Results:  The preliminary study found that when comparing patients to healthy controls, the gingival crevicular fluid samples produced the following results, respectively: higher lipid peroxidation concentration (µm) (by sites: 167.55 vs. 53.71, p 〈 0.0001; by subjects: 151.99 vs. 50.66, p 〈 0.005) and total amount (pmol) (by sites: 93.02 vs. 8.47, p 〈 0.0001, by subjects: 80.44 vs. 7.84, p 〈 0.0005). In saliva samples, lower GSH concentration (µm) (373.04 vs. 606.67, p 〈 0.05), higher lipid peroxidation concentration (µm) (0.66 vs. 0.13, p 〈 0.0005), and no difference in GPx activity were found in patients than in those of healthy controls. The subsequent study showed statistically significant (p 〈 0.05) improvement of clinical periodontal parameters (plaque index, gingival index, probing attachment level, probing pocket depth and gingival crevicular fluid volume), decreases in gingival crevicular fluid lipid peroxidation levels (concentration and total amount) at the sites after the completion of phase 1 periodontal treatment. Similarly, the periodontal treatment resulted in a significant decrease of lipid peroxidation concentrations (p 〈 0.05), increase in GSH concentration (p 〈 0.001), and no change in GPx activity in saliva samples.Conclusion:  The increased levels of lipid peroxidation may play a role in the inflammation and destruction of the periodontium in periodontitis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: : The gel-forming properties of silver carp surimi made in different seasons were compared. Surimi prepared in winter and spring formed gel at 30°C, while autumn and summer surimi required a higher temperature of 40°C for gel formation. All surimi showed marked disintegration when incubated at 60°C. Ca2+-ATPase inactivation rate of myofibrils prepared from 4 surimi samples showed that myofibrils in autumn and summer surimi were much more stable than those in winter and spring surimi by about 10°C. These results demonstrated a close relationship between the gel-forming temperature of surimi and the thermal stability of myofibrils in surimi, namely that autumn and summer surimi containing stable myofibrils required higher temperature than winter and spring surimi for the gel formation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Plant pathology 54 (2005), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-3059
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: AAC-toxin, a putative nonhost-selective phytotoxin, was obtained from Alternaria alternata causing a brown leaf spot disease of Crofton weed (Eupatorium adenophorum). The effect of AAC-toxin on the electron transfer reaction of chloroplasts showed that the activity of photosystem II, but not photosystem I, was completely inhibited by the toxin. AAC-toxin affected the following chlorophyll fluorescence parameters: coefficient of photochemical quenching (qP), the half-time value of fluorescence rise, and the O–J–I–P fluorescence induction kinetics curve, but not the ratio values of Fv/Fm (the quantum yield of photosystem II) and the half-time value of fluorescence quenching. It was concluded that the toxin inhibited electron transfer from QA to QB (primary and secondary quinine acceptors of photosystem II) in photosystem II by competing with QB for the binding site in D1 protein on the thylakoid membrane.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background:  Transcatheter arterial embolization is a major palliative treatment for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma, but the survival benefit of transcatheter arterial embolization is controversial.Aim:  To evaluate the role of transcatheter arterial embolization in different stage of unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma and to select patients who can get the best benefit from the treatment.Methods:  From 1991 to 1995, 476 patients who had unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma from four medical centres in Taiwan were enrolled. Among them, 425 underwent transcatheter arterial embolization, and 51 received supportive treatment alone. The survivals between the two groups were compared.Results:  Among the 476 patients, transcatheter arterial embolization can significantly prolong survival. The 1-, 2-, and 5-year survival rates for patients who underwent transcatheter arterial embolization were 60.2%, 39.3%, and 11.5%; and the rates for patients who underwent supportive treatment were 37.3%, 17.6%, and 2%, respectively (P = 0.0002). The survival benefit of transcatheter arterial embolization was observed in patients between Cancer and the Liver Italian Program 0 and Cancer and the Liver Italian Program 4. In multivariate analysis, transcatheter arterial embolization, tumour size 〈5 cm and earlier Cancer and the Liver Italian Program stage were independent factors associated with a better survival.Conclusions:  For patients who fulfilled the criteria of transcatheter arterial embolization, embolization can serve as a primary treatment for patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma. The survival benefit of transcatheter arterial embolization is regardless of tumour stages.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background:  Radiographic measurements do not always reflect the biological response of hepatocellular carcinoma to drug therapy.Aims:  To evaluate the clinical implications of tumour marker (α-fetoprotein) response in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma patients with thalidomide treatment.Patients and methods:  Forty-two advanced hepatocellular carcinoma patients with baseline α-fetoprotein levels above 200 ng/mL and thalidomide therapy were included. Serum α-fetoprotein levels were measured every 4 weeks. α-fetoprotein response was defined as a 50% or greater reduction of α-fetoprotein levels for 4 or more weeks during treatment. Radiographic response was assessed by World Health Organization criteria; survivals were estimated by Kaplan–Meier method and prognostic factors were assessed by Cox's proportional hazard model.Results:  With intention-to-treat analysis, radiographic response and α-fetoprotein response were obtained in 7% (three of 42, 95% confidence interval: 0–15) and 24% (10 of 42, 95% CI: 10–38) of patients, respectively. All radiographic response was observed in α-fetoprotein responders. Multivariate analyses showed α-fetoprotein response was independent prognostic factor for both progression-free survival (relative risk = 0.394, 95% CI: 0.189–0.820, P = 0.013) and overall survival (relative risk = 0.241, 95% CI: 0.096–0.606, P =0.003), whereas radiographic response was not.Conclusion:  α-fetoprotein response can more accurately reflect the biological response of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma to thalidomide therapy than radiographic response.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Key engineering materials Vol. 295-296 (Oct. 2005), p. 557-562 
    ISSN: 1013-9826
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: The non-contact pneumatic measurement technique is useful for dimension measurement. The authors have developed a new type of air-pin pneumatic-electronic sensor. The ultra-precision air-pin sensor and the dynamic characteristics of the sensor are investigated. The measurement accuracy of the air-pin pneumatic-electronic sensor is better than 0.1µm for the 10µm measurement range. The response time is less then 10ms
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1434-6036
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract. Domain reversal was performed on both near-stoichiometric and heavily Mg-doped lithium niobate crystals. H+ related defect structures in these two types of crystals were studied through the infrared absorption spectra. It is found that the intensity of some decomposed peaks of absorption band change apparently during domain reversal for near-stoichiometric lithium niobate crystals but not for heavily Mg-doped lithium niobate crystals. According to these experimental results, distinct models about H+ related defect structure in LiNbO3 lattice were supposed for them. Nb4+Li and Mg3-Nb were considered as the centers of H+ related defect complex for near-stoichiometric and heavily Mg-doped lithium niobate crystals respectively. Different behavior of them was used to explain the difference of infrared absorption spectra during domain reversal between two types of crystals.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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