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  • 1
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: In a multicenter, double-blind, single-dummy, group-comparative study, 169 patients received ophthalmic sodium cromoglycate 2% four times daily, and 170 patients received 4% ophthalmic sodium cromoglycate twice daily, together with placebo eye-drops twice daily, for the treatment of seasonal allergic conjunctivitis (SAC) to birch pollen. The treatment period was 4 weeks during the birch pollen season. Daily pollen counts were used to identify the peak 14-d period. Clinical examinations were made before the start of treatment, after 1 week of treatment, and at the end of the treatment period. Patients kept daily diary record cards of eye symptom severity and concomitant therapy. Symptoms were generally mild and, except for chemosis (week 4) and soreness (weeks 2 and 3), which were less in the 4% group (P〈inlineGraphic alt="leqslant R: less-than-or-eq, slant" extraInfo="nonStandardEntity" href="urn:x-wiley:01054538:ALL147:les" location="les.gif"/〉0.05), no significant treatment differences were seen for symptoms or for antihistamine rescue therapy. Both treatments were considered to be very or moderately effective by more than 90% of patients, and no treatment differences occurred in either clinicians’ or patients’ opinions of efficacy. The results indicate that the use of 4% sodium cromoglycate eye-drops twice daily is as effective and well tolerated as 2% sodium cromoglycate four times daily in the treatment of birch-pollen conjunctivitis.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Nuclear and Particle Science 54 (2004), S. 175-215 
    ISSN: 0163-8998
    Quelle: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: One can extract unique information about the nuclear interaction from the study of the heaviest elements. They exist solely on the basis of quantum effects, which create a barrier against spontaneous fission. The important questions concern the end of the periodic table and the location of the next closed nucleon shells. Considerable progress was achieved during the past few years in structure studies in this region. This was made possible by the development of detector systems for decay and in-beam studies using recoil separators and heavy ion fusion reactions. We concentrate on these developments and on recent results from structure studies in the region from einsteinium to dubnium. We present recent data on the elements 110 (darmstadtium), 111, and 112, and discuss claims for the synthesis of even heavier elements. We discuss the implications of these studies for predicting the location of the next spherical shells and give a brief outlook on the future.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: A 4 week, multicentre, double-blind, double dummy, placebo controlled group comparative study was carried out during the birch pollen season to compare the efficacy and tolerability of 2% nedocromil sodium eye drops (twice daily) and 2% sodium cromoglycate eye drops (four times daily). Participants with a history of seasonal allergic conjunctivitis (SAC) were randomized to receive nedocromil sodium (60), sodium cromoglycate (61) or placebo (64). Clinical assessment of SAC showed improvement with both active treatments compared to placebo but symptomatology was low and only changes in photophobia and grittiness reached significance (P 〈 0.05). Patient diaries showed significant control of itching by both active treatments, compared to placebo, with no differences between the active preparations. Patients’ opinions indicated a marked placebo effect: 73% of this group reported full or moderate control of symptoms, compared with 75% in sodium cromoglycate and 80% in the nedocromil sodium group. Unusual symptoms were most common (27 patients) with nedocromil sodium eye drops: P 〈 0.05 vs. placebo (15 patients). There were no serious adverse events. Nedocromil sodium eye drops (b.d.) and sodium cromoglycate eye drops (q.i.d.) were both considered clinically more effective than placebo in controlling symptoms of SAC due to birch pollen.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Background Stachybotrys chartarum is a damp building mould and a potent toxin producer that has been related to serious cases of respiratory health problems. However, the direct link between exposure and health symptoms has not been established.Objective To examine the mechanism by which exposure to spores of satratoxin producing and non-producing S. chartarum strains induce inflammatory responses in murine lungs.Methods BALB/c mice were intranasally exposed for 3 weeks to spores of a satratoxin-producing and a non-producing S. chartarum strain. Inflammatory cell infiltration was characterized from bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid. Cytokine and chemokine mRNA expression in lung tissue was measured with real-time PCR. Bronchial responsiveness to methacholine (MCh) was determined by whole-body plethysmography and serum antibody levels by ELISA.Results A dose-dependent increase in monocytes, neutrophils and lymphocytes was observed in BAL fluid after intranasal (i.n.) instillation of S. chartarum spores. There was no difference in the BAL between exposure to the satratoxin-producing and the non-producing strains. Infiltration of inflammatory cells was associated with an induction of pro-inflammatory cytokine (IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α) and chemokine (CCL3/MIP-1α, CCL4/MIP-1β and CCL2/MCP-1) mRNA levels in the lungs. Interestingly, CXCL5/LIX was the only chemokine that showed significantly higher mRNA levels after exposure to the satratoxin-producing strain compared with the non-producing strain. MCh-induced bronchial responsiveness was not altered significantly after mould instillation. Moreover, no significant increase in total or specific IgE, IgG2a and IgG1 antibody levels were found after S. chartarum exposure.Conclusion These results indicate that lung inflammation induced by i.n. instillations of S. chartarum spores is regulated by the induction of pro-inflammatory cytokines and leucocyte-attracting chemokines. The data also imply that S. chartarum-derived components, other than satratoxins, are mediating the development of this inflammatory response.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Notizen: [Auszug] Understanding the fundamental excitations of many-fermion systems is of significant current interest. In atomic nuclei with even numbers of neutrons and protons, the low-lying excitation spectrum is generally formed by nucleon pair breaking and nuclear vibrations or rotations. However, for ...
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    The European physical journal 348 (1994), S. 151-152 
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Schlagwort(e): 23.60.+e −25.70.-z −27.80.+w
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: Abstract Two new neutron-deficient isotopes207,208Ac have been produced in fusion reactions with 5.2–5.6 MeV/nucleon40Ar ions on175Lu and identified on the basis of genetic correlations. The fusion evaporation products were separated on-line using a gas-filled magnetic recoil separator. The alpha energy and half-life of208Ac were determined to be (7572±15) keV and (95 −16 +24 ) ms, respectively. A new alpha line with a half-life of (25 −5 +9 ) ms and an energy of (7758±20) keV is assigned to the decay of an isomeric state in208Ac. Another new activity with a half-life of (22 −9 +40 ) ms and an alpha energy of (7712±25) keV is assigned to207Ac.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Schlagwort(e): PACS. 21.10.Tg Lifetimes – 23.20.Lv Gamma transitions and level energies – 27.80.+w 190 ?A? 219
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: Abstract: The 13/2+ isomeric state in the 199At nucleus has been identified at an excitation energy of 573 keV and its half-life measured to be 580(130) ns using the recoil-decay tagging technique.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Schlagwort(e): 27.60.+j ; 23.20.Lv
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: Abstract The decay of the new activity110Mo (t1/2=0.30(4).s) has been observed at the new IGISOL separator. Multiscaled singles,β-γ-t and γ-y-t coincidences were recorded. The decay scheme suggests Iπ=2+ for the ground state of the daughter nucleus110Tc. Three 1+ levels are fed with logft values below 5, indicating no drastic change among Mo and Ru decays at the middle of the neutron shell. This experiment confirms the expectation that the new IGISOL facility will allow the identification of one or two new more neutron-rich isotopes per element in this region.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Schlagwort(e): PACS: 21.10.Re Collective levels – 23.20.Lv Gamma transitions and level energies – 27.70.+q 150 ≤ A ≤ 189
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: Abstract: Lifetime measurements of states in nuclei with A=187 and 188 have been performed, using reactions between 155Gd and 36Ar and following the transport of evaporation residues to the focal plane of a gas-filled recoil separator. In a separate experiment using the 159Tb(32S, 4n) reaction the γ-decay of isomeric levels in 187Tl has been studied using delayed γ-γ coincidence measurements. From observation of their subsequent γ decay, the mean lifetimes were measured to be 1000 ± 55 ns and 1600 ± 100 ns. Although it was not possible to characterize the isomers completely, they are proposed as candidates for one-proton, two-neutron excitations. In the course of this study, the decay of an isomer in 188Pb was also observed and its lifetime was measured as 1150 ± 30 ns, and limits of 20–600 ns were placed on the meanlife of an isomer conjectured in 187Pb.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Schlagwort(e): 23.60+e ; 27.90+b
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: Abstract The neutron-deficient isotopes226Np and227Np were produced in the bombardment of a 380μg/cm2 209Bi target with22Ne projectiles at an incident beam energy of 5.5 MeV/u. They were identified using the α-α time-correlation method /1/.226Np was found to decay with Eα=(8044±20) keV andT 1/2=(31±8) ms. For227Np two α-lines were observed at (7650±20) keV and (7677±20) keV with a half-life of (510±60) ms. The gas-filled separator NASE installed at GSI Darmstadt was used to separate the evaporation residues inflight.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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