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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Hypertension ; Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetic patients ; microalbuminuria ; kidney function ; angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor ; calcium antagonist ; diabetic nephropathy ; antihypertensive therapy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Seven of eight hypertensive Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetic patients with microalbuminuria completed a randomised crossover trial to compare the renal effects of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (enalapril) and calcium antagonist (nicardipine). Four-week fixed oral maintenance dosages of enalapril (10–20 mg/day) and nicardipine (60–120 mg/day) significantly (p〈0.05) lowered the systolic and diastolic blood pressures without altering renal blood flow, glomerular filtration rate and filtration fraction. Both drugs significantly reduced (p〈0.05) urinary albumin excretion rate and fractional clearance of albumin to similar extents. Total renal vascular resistance decreased significantly by nicardipine (p〈0.05) and non-significantly by enalapril. Plasma osmotic pressure, plasma aldosterone concentration, total serum protein concentration, serum electrolytes and HbA1c remained unchanged by these drugs, whereas plasma renin activity was significantly higher (p〈0.05) in the enalapril than in the control and nicardipine phases. These results suggest that both drugs have similar renal function preserving effects with a concomitant hypotensive action in hypertensive Type 2 diabetic patients with microalbuminuria, and that the angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor may not have advantageous renal effects when compared to the calcium antagonist and vice versa. Both drugs might be useful for treatment of high blood pressure in hypertensive diabetic patients, if long-term studies of these drugs can be shown to benefit the patients over other conventional antihypertensive therapies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: dilevalol ; hypertension ; labetolol R-R-isomer ; renal function ; plasma renin activity ; plasma aldosterone ; side-effects
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The effects of oral dilevalol (an R, R-isomer of labetalol), a new β-adrenoceptor blocker with β2-receptor stimulating and α-recepter blocking properties on blood pressure, renal function, plasma renin activity (PRA) and plasma aldosterone have been studied in 15 patients with mild-to-moderate essential hypertension treated with it for 6 weeks. Two patients with apparent treatment failure and one patient who developed muscle pain and cramps, and had an elevated creatine phosphokinase level, were excluded from the study. Dilevalol monotherapy 100 mg once daily for 6 weeks significantly lowered both the systolic and diastolic blood pressure compared to placebo. Total renal vascular resistance was significantly reduced, and RBF and GFR remained unchanged. Dilevalol significantly decreased PRA. The results suggest that prolonged daily treatment with dilevalol preserves renal function and produces a concomitant hypotensive action in patients with mild-to-moderate essential hypertension. The ancillary pharmacological properties of dilevalol rather than PRA suppression may be relevant to its renal effects.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Adenosine ; ATP ; regional cerebral blood flow ; RG-C6 glioma ; intracarotid administration
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary We studied the effect of intravenous and intracarotid infusion of adenosine and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) on the regional blood flow of intracerebrally transplanted RG-C 6 tumours in rats, using the hydrogen clearance method. The intracarotid administration of adenosine or ATP selectively increased blood flow in the tumour, but did not produce any significant change either in the regional cerebral blood flow of the extratumoural ipsilateral hemisphere or in the ipsilateral hemisphere without tumour. The intracarotid administration of ATP at a dose of 10 Μg/kg/min produced the most effective increase in the tumour blood flow (+51.5± 16.8%). In contrast, both the intravenous administration of adenosine and that of ATP failed to increase tumour blood flow. These results may possibly indicate that intracarotid administration of the adenosine or ATP might contribute in selectively enhancing the delivery of anti-cancer agents to malignant brain tumours.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 113 (2000), S. 457-457 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 112 (2000), S. 3532-3539 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The expression for the analytical derivatives of the second-order correlation energy was derived for a system under the spin-dependent perturbations, and it was applied to the correlated calculation of the 3JHH's in ethane, methanol, and methylamine. The calculation showed that the addition of tight s-type functions to the basis set considerably affects the Fermi contact (FC) contribution. Furthermore, the third- and fourth-order correlations were also evaluated for the FC contribution with the finite perturbation theory. The three noncontact contributions were computed at the Hartree–Fock (HF) level. The total contribution to the 3JHH in ethane was significantly lower than the experimental value. The calculated 3JHH's in methanol and methylamine were nearer to the experimental couplings than in ethane. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish diseases 11 (1988), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2761
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. The mechanism of protection against Aeromonas hydrophila infection in carp was studied. Recipient fish, into which pronephric cells from carp previously immunized by dipping in bacterial crude lipopolysaccharide (LPS) at 25°C for 2h were transferred, demonstrated almost the same level of protective ability as an immunized control group. The protective ability was transmitted by non-adherent (to nylon fibre) immune pronephric cells. These non-adherent cells were damaged by anti-carp thymocyte serum and were, thus, considered to be T-like cells. The protective ability was depressed in immunized carp treated with anti-carp thymocyte serum in vivo and was also remarkably reduced in immunized carp whose macrophage function was impaired by Dextran sulphate-500 treatment. These results indicate that the protection shown by carp immunized by dipping in crude LPS is dependent on cellular immunity regulated by a T-like cell-macrophage system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish diseases 11 (1988), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2761
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Vaccination with crude lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced better protection against infection with Aeromonas hydrophila in carp than vaccination with formalin killed vaccine. Dipping fish in vaccine for 2 h at 25°C was more effective than intraperitoneal injection of the vaccine in procedural simplicity, lower stress loading and the degree of protection acquired. In carp immunized with crude LPS by the dip method, antibodies were not detected by bacteriai agglutination, passive haemagglutination and the agar diffusion tests. The results indicate that the protection against A. hydrophila infection in carp is not dependent on humoral immunity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 77 (2000), S. 301-303 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We have investigated a chloromethylated calixarene, p-chloromethylmethoxcalix[n]arene (CMC[n]AOMe) (n=5,6,7), as a negative resist in electron-beam lithography. Each CMC[n]AOMe resist has a resolution of about 12 nm and a sensitivity of about 0.8 mC/cm2 which varies slightly with n (or molecular weight). A sub-10-nm Si wire has been fabricated by halide plasma etching and a CMC[n]AOMe resist as an etching mask. Because the resist pattern edge is smooth, Si wires with 7-nm width and 10-μm length were performed without any breaking. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 76 (2000), S. 2618-2620 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Characteristic length of hot-electron transport in an inversion layer at a Si surface is estimated by using lateral hot electron transistor, which has an upper gate and two lower gates. The inversion layer formed by biasing the upper-gate voltage is separated into three channel regions (the emitter, collector, and base) by the two lower gates. We find that the characteristic length depends on both the upper-gate voltage and the injection energy and ranges from 19 to 27 nm. These results show that hot electrons are affected by electron–electron scattering or surface–roughness scattering and that hot-electron transport plays a crucial role in Si metal–oxide–semiconductor field effect transistors with gate lengths of 20 nm or less. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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