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  • 2000-2004  (10)
  • 1985-1989  (10)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparison of biliary lipid secretion in non-obese cholesterol gallstone patients with normal, young, male volunteers (1985)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 63 (1985), S. 1163-1169 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Cholesterol gallstones ; Biliary lipid secretion ; Deoxycholic acid ; Age
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Measurements of biliary lipid secretion rates were performed in 14 non-obese patients with radiolucent gallstones (9 females, 5 males; mean age 48 years; mean body weight 65 kg) and in 14 healthy male volunteers (mean age 26 years, mean body weight 74 kg). The results in the gallstone patients differ in several respect from those obtained in the volunteers. Molar percentage of cholesterol was higher (5.8 versus 5.0 mol%;P〈0.05) and molar percentage of bile acids lower (73.8 versus 76.9 mol%;P〈0.05) in the gallstone patients. However, these changes were not followed by notable differences in cholesterol saturation of bile (94% vs 88%). Generally, hepatic secretion rates of cholesterol were significantly elevated in the gallstone patients (55 vs 46 mg/h;P〈0.05) whereas outputs of bile acids and phospholipids did not differ between the two groups. Although patients with cholesterol gallstones tended to have a lower percentage of chenodeoxycholic acid (38 versus 42 mol%) and increased deoxycholic acid (23 versus 16 mol%) in their bile, these differences were not significant. Nevertheless, in patients with cholesterol gallstones a significant positive correlation between deoxycholic acid secretion and cholesterol output was observed. For the whole group of patients and volunteers a positive correlation between age and cholesterol secretion could be demonstrated. The higher hepatic cholesterol secretion in gallstone patients seems not be due to differences in body weight, but rather to the older age of the patients. These results suggest that age itself or age-related changes in deoxycholic acid metabolism contributes to biliary cholesterol output in non-obese patients with cholesterol gallstones.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01740592
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Serum-cholesterol-lowering effect of metronidazole and possible mechanisms of action (1985)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 63 (1985), S. 279-281 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Metronidazole ; Bile acids ; Cholesterol absorption ; Serum cholesterol
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In five patients with Crohn's disease long-term therapy with metronidazole (400 mg b.i.d.) was followed by a significant reduction of total serum cholesterol from 179 mg/dl to 156 mg/dl, 134 mg/dl, and 143 mg/dl, after 2–4 months, 6 months, and 9–12 months, respectively. Lipoprotein analysis before and after 3 weeks of administration of metronidazol (400 mg/day) to five normolipemic volunteers revealed that LDL-cholesterol was reduced by 21% (P〈0.05), whereas HDL-cholesterol remained unchanged. Biliary secretion of cholesterol and bile acids were reduced by 13% and 20% (P〈0.05), respectively, which might suggest a decreased sterol synthesis. The amount and percentage of intestinal cholesterol absorption were decreased by 33% and 22% (P〈0.05). Thus, a possible decrease in sterol synthesis and a reduction of cholesterol absorption might be responsible for the serum-cholesterol-lowering effect of metronidazole. However, caution should be taken when considering metronidazole for long-term treatment of patients with hypercholesterolemia due to possible side effects.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01731475
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Administration of a terpene mixture inhibits cholesterol nucleation in bile from patients with cholesterol gallstones (1987)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 65 (1987), S. 458-462 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Gallstones ; Bile ; Nucleation time ; Cholesterol crystals ; Terpenes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Patients with cholesterol gallstones referred to elective cholecystectomy were randomly assigned prior to operation to no treatment (n=14), treatment with one capsule t.d.s. (n=12) or two capsules t.d.s. (n=11) of a terpene mixture (Rowachol). Patients with pigment stones (n=7) or no biliary tract disease (n=5) were also studied. Lipid composition, presence of cholesterol monohydrate crystals, and nucleation time were determined in galbladder bile aspirated during surgery. Cholesterol saturation was similar in the different groups. Crystals were present in all cholesterol gallstone patients without treatment and in none of the controls. In one of the patients treated with one capsule and four of the patients treated with two capsules crystals could not be detected. The terpenes prolonged nucleation time from 2.8 to 5.8 days (one capsule;P〈0.05) and to 9.5 days (two capsules;P〈0.001), respectively; but nucleation did not occur in seven controls. Although the mechanism by which the terpene mixture inhibits the formation of cholesterol crystals in bile was not determined, the findings suggest that the terpene mixture might be a useful agent for a clinical trial to test whether they will prevent recurrence of gallstones after medical dissolution.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01712838
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Efficient and selective population of high vibrational levels by stimulated near resonance Raman scattering (1987)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 87 (1987), S. 5064-5076 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: We report the successful application of an optically pumped molecular beam laser for efficient and selective population transfer from v″=0 to high lying vibrational levels of Na2 in the electronic ground state. More than 50% of the molecules in a thermally populated rotational level of v″=0 can be transferred to a state v″(very-much-greater-than)1 with typically ≥75% of the molecules excited out of the initial state found in the predetermined end vibrational level and approximately ≤25% distributed over other levels according to the Franck–Condon factors. The applicability of this technique to the study of collision processes involving vibrationally highly excited levels is discussed. This work also contributes in general to a better understanding of optically pumped dimer lasers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.453674
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Vibrational level dependence of Na2–Ne scattering cross sections at very low collision energy (1988)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 89 (1988), S. 2583-2584 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A significant increase in the total integral cross section in (Na)2−Ne collisions with the vibrational level v'' of the sodium molecule in the electronic ground state, at a collision energy of the order of 1 mev is reported. (AIP)
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.455053
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rotational rainbow scattering with large Δ j: Energy dependence of the anisotropy of the Na2–Ne, Ar interaction potential (1987)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 86 (1987), S. 2680-2684 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Differential cross sections for rotational transitions in Na2–Ne, Ar collisions are measured up to very large Δj. It is shown that the energy dependent anisotropy ΔR(E) of the interaction potential can be determined from these data using simple classical relations of ΔR and the rainbow angle θR. Excellent agreement with ab initio data is demonstrated and underlines the usefulness of this concept.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.452070
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Supernumerary rotational rainbows in Na2–He, Ne, Ar scattering (1987)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 86 (1987), S. 2685-2688 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: We report the resolution of supernumerary rotational rainbows for rotationally inelastic ji → jf=0 transitions in Na2–He, Ne, Ar scattering. The relation of the angular position of the supernumerary maxima and the anisotropy ΔR of the interaction potential is established. The analysis yields the energy dependent anisotropy ΔR(E) in very good agreement with data from other sources.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.452071
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Efficient adiabatic population transfer by two-photon excitation assisted by a laser-induced Stark shift (2000)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 113 (2000), S. 534-546 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: We demonstrate and analyze a novel scheme for complete transfer of atomic or molecular population between two bound states, by means of Stark-chirped rapid adiabatic passage (SCRAP). In this two-laser technique a delayed-pulse laser-induced Stark shift sweeps the transition frequency between two coupled states twice through resonance with the frequency of the population-transferring coupling laser. The delay of the Stark-shifting pulse with respect to the pulse of the coupling-laser Rabi frequency guarantees adiabatic passage of population at one of the two resonances while the evolution is diabatic at the other. The SCRAP method can give a population-transfer efficiency approaching unity. We discuss the general requirements on the intensity and timing of the pulses that produce the Rabi frequency and, independently, the Stark shift. We particularly stress extension to a double-SCRAP technique, a coherent variant of stimulated emission pumping in the limit of strong saturation. We demonstrate the success of the SCRAP method with experiments in metastable helium, where a two-photon transition provides the Rabi frequency. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.481829
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Angularly resolved vibrational excitation in Na2–He collisions (1986)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 84 (1986), S. 756-763 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: We report angle-resolved measurements of vi=0 → vf=1 vibrational transitions in Na2–He collisions at an energy of 90 meV. The agreement with calculated cross sections using an ab initio surface is good, both in the angular variation of the cross section as well as with respect to its magnitude relative to the vibrationally elastic process. The calculated (vi=0, ji=0) → (vf=1, jf ) differential cross sections are discussed in some more detail. They show structure, in addition to the rainbow oscillations, related to the fact that the vibrational transition probability vanishes for a specific approach angle.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.450573
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Socioeconomic status is a risk factor for allergy in parents but not in their children (2000)
    Oxford BSL : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 30 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Allergic diseases are more prevalent in affluent countries, which has been attributed to life-style factors. Life-style habits may also differ between socioeconomic (SES) classes. The objective of this paper therefore was to evaluate if SES had an impact on the development of atopic disorders.〈section xml:id="abs1-2"〉〈title type="main"〉MethodsA total of 1314 German children were followed-up in an observational birth cohort study to 6 years of age. Parents filled in questionnaires, and had multi-allergen screening tests for sensitization. Indoor allergen concentrations were determined by ELISA. Children were examined regularly up to 6 years, specific serum IgE values were determined by CAP-Rast-Feia.〈section xml:id="abs1-3"〉〈title type="main"〉ResultsThe risk of aeroallergen sensitization (odds ratio 1.76; 95% CI 1.30–2.37), and the lifetime prevalence of hay fever (2.36; 1.76–3.17), and asthma (1.74; 1.08–2.80), but not of atopic dermatitis (AD: 0.90; 0.54–1.51) was elevated in parents of high compared to low SES. With high SES the risk of smoking in pregnancy (0.35; 0.23–0.51), in the home (0.31; 0.21–0.46), pet ownership (0.37; 0.26–0.55), high mite (0.42; 0.25–0.74), and high cat (0.38; 0.18–0.82) allergen concentration in house dust was reduced, but elevated for breastfeeding over more than 6 months (4.67; 2.9–7.48). In children, even after controlling for other risk factors, only the risk of AD from 3 to 6 years (2.42; 1.42–4.14) was elevated in families with high SES, but not of AD in infancy or of any other atopic disorder.〈section xml:id="abs1-4"〉〈title type="main"〉ConclusionsWhile parents of high SES have a higher prevalence of inhalative allergies, their favourable life-style prevents the development of atopic disorders in their children, except for AD beyond infancy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2222.2000.00927.x
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