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  • 2000-2004  (13)
  • 1950-1954  (5)
  • 1935-1939  (2)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 113 (2000), S. 4951-4956 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A speed-dependent line profile combining soft and hard fully correlated Dicke-narrowing collisions was recently successfully tested on Ar-broadened H2 spectra in a wide density and temperature range. A further test for mixtures of H2 in nitrogen molecules (instead of Ar atoms) is presented. This test is also based on high resolution Raman investigation of the isotropic Q(1) line of H2 from low to high density at various temperatures. The same consistency of the speed-dependent line profile as for H2–Ar is obtained for H2–N2 through a remarkable agreement with all the data by using a unique set of four parameters (the collisional width and shift, the kinetic frequency, and a characteristic velocity memory parameter). The present study is a preliminary step for the hydrogen CARS thermometry in H2–air flames at high pressure. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 112 (2000), S. 158-166 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The paper presents high resolution Raman investigations of the Q(1) line of H2 in Ar mixture from low density (Doppler regime) to high density (collisional regime) analyzed with a unique line shape profile. Measurements are performed by stimulated Raman gain spectroscopy between 300 and 1000 K in a wide density range (from 0.2 to 11 amagat). All the observed spectral features are accurately described by a unified model recently proposed by two of the authors. This model accounts for a velocity-memory process, not restricted to the usual hard and soft limits. It also includes correlation between velocity- and phase-changing collisions. An exhaustive analysis of various possible mechanisms on the line shape is achieved. These mechanisms are the Dicke narrowing, the radiator speed dependence of the collisional broadening and shifting parameters, the collisionally induced speed-class exchange and the nonimpact effect. The present test shows the high consistency of the unified model, since it allows one to get a remarkable agreement with all the data by using a unique set of parameters. This model should be useful for optical diagnostics at moderate density, as required for combusting media or atmospheric work. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Gefässchirurgie 5 (2000), S. 1-3 
    ISSN: 1434-3932
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1434-6036
    Keywords: PACS. 78.20.-e Optical properties of bulk materials and thin films – 71.45.Lr Charge-density-wave systems – 74.25.Gz Optical properties
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract: We present a comprehensive analysis of the optical constants of the two-dimensional dichalcogenide materials 2 H - TaSe 2 and 2 H - NbSe 2 , in an attempt to address the physics of two-dimensional correlated systems. The title compounds were studied over several decades in frequency, from the far-infrared to the ultraviolet. Measurements with linearly polarized light have allowed us to obtain both the in-plane and out-of-plane components of the conductivity tensor. Although the electromagnetic response of dichalcogenides is strongly anisotropic, both the in-plane and out-of-plane components of the conductivity tensor share many common features, including the presence of a well-defined metallic component, as well as a “mid-infrared band”. We discuss the implications of these results in the context of the spectroscopic results of other classes of low-dimensional conductors such as the high-temperature superconducting cuprates. In particular, the analysis of the redistribution of the spectral weight as a function of temperature, as well as the behavior of the quasiparticles relaxation rate, points to significant distinctions between the charge dynamics of dichalcogenides and other classes of low dimensional conductors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1434-6036
    Keywords: PACS. 71.45.Lr Charge-density-wave systems – 65.40.Ba Heat capacity – 64.70.Kb Solid solid transitions – 64.70.Pf Glass transitions
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract: Specific heats of the charge-density-wave compounds o-TaS3 and (TaSe4)2I have been measured over the wide temperature interval 10 K-300 K. Both systems exhibit strong non-Debye behavior. Very weak and broad anomalies are observed at the Peierls transition temperatures. For o-TaS3, the change in the curvature of the specific heat occurs at temperature of 40 K where glass transition has been deduced from dielectric measurements, and an extended scaling analysis suggests that the glass transition is associated with a dynamical cross over in length scales. We briefly discuss the characteristics and physical origins of the anomalies at both the Peierls and glass transitions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1434-6036
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract. Cu2Te2O5X2, with X = Br and Cl, are spin-tetrahedral systems displaying magnetic ordering at low temperatures. We have performed optical reflectivity measurements over a broad spectral range as a function of temperature and magnetic field. We have identified the resonance frequencies of the infrared optically active phonon modes and estimated the value of the electronic gap in both tellurate compounds. No variation of the spectra has been observed while crossing the magnetic ordering transition temperature or by applying a magnetic field. The implications of these findings are discussed in relation to the nature of the phase transition.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: PACS: 33.20; 42.65
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract. In order to improve the accuracy of H2 CARS thermometry, H2 Q-branch CARS spectra have been recorded for various H2–N2 mixtures in a high-pressure cell at different pressures and temperatures (up to 40 bar and 875 K). Due to the low spectral resolution of broadband CARS experiments, the relevant spectral lineshape factor is the linewidth ratio Γ(Q(3))/Γ(Q(1)), since Q(1) and Q(3) are the most intense lines of the Q-branch spectrum in this temperature range. For the first time, the speed-inhomogeneous effects are accounted for in the simulation of the CARS profiles. The evaluated temperatures are in good agreement with reference values obtained by thermocouples. The specific role on the accuracy of H2 CARS thermometry of the speed inhomogeneity is carefully analyzed, in connection with the influence of the nitrogen concentration.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 31 (1953), S. 435-440 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1432-069X
    Keywords: Key words Granuloma annulare ; Cytokine ; Apoptosis ; Lymphocytes ; Macrophages
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Granuloma annulare, a prototype noninfectious granulomatous dermatitis, is morphologically characterized by a necrobiotic core surrounded by a cellular infiltrate. Because of many morphological similarities to tuberculosis, granuloma annulare has been suggested to represent a delayed-type hypersensitivity (Th1) reaction in the course of which inflammatory cells elicit matrix degradation. In the present study we (1) investigated the expression of interferon-Á as the most important Th1-associated cytokine, (2) sought in situ evidence for the coexpression of the proinflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor-· and cytokine-regulated matrix metalloproteinases 2 (gelatinase A) and 9 (gelatinase B), and (3) sought to determine whether shrunken cells seen within necrobiotic areas of granuloma annulare are apoptotic cells. In situ hybridization combined with immunofluorescence showed that large numbers of infiltrating CD3+ lymphocytes express interferon-Á. Application of catalyzed signal amplification in immunodetection revealed that the vast majority of CD3+ lymphocytes and CD68+ macrophages contained tumor necrosis factor-·. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated that macrophages producing tumor necrosis factor-· coexpress matrix metalloproteinases 2 and 9. In situ end-labeling combined with immunofluorescence detected few apoptotic T cells in perivascular regions and numerous apoptotic macrophages within necrobiotic areas. These results suggest that in granuloma annulare interferon-Á+ Th-1 lymphocytes may cause a delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction whereby macrophages are differentiated to aggressive effector cells expressing tumor necrosis factor-α and matrix metalloproteinases. In parallel, activation-induced apoptosis in lymphocytes and macrophages may serve to restrict the destructive potential of the inflammatory cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1434-6036
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract. TaSe3 belongs to a class of low-dimensional materials characterized by the interplay and competition between dimensionality crossover and broken symmetry ground states. A comprehensive study by dc-transport, optical, and angle-resolved photoemission (ARPES) experiments shows that the electronic properties of this compound are strongly anisotropic between the chain and the transverse crystallographic direction. Even though TaSe3 fails to undergo a charge-density-wave (CDW) phase transition, we found evidence for short range order CDW segments, which progressively disappear with decreasing temperature.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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