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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Structures of Methylenecyclobutane and of 1-Methylcyclobutene (1944)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of the American Chemical Society 66 (1944), S. 636-640 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5126
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja01232a040
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electrical and thermal properties of C60-filled single-wall carbon nanotubes (2002)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 80 (2002), S. 1450-1452 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We report measurements of electrical resistivity, thermopower, and thermal conductivity of highly C60-filled single-wall carbon nanotubes and unfilled controls, from 1.5 to 300 K. The data suggest that the C60 chains provide additional conductive paths for charge carriers, increase the rate of phonon scattering, and block interior sites from sorbing other gas molecules. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1452788
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structural anisotropy of magnetically aligned single wall carbon nanotube films (2000)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 77 (2000), S. 663-665 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Thick films of aligned single wall carbon nanotubes and ropes have been produced by filtration/deposition from suspension in strong magnetic fields. We measured mosaic distributions of rope orientations in the film plane, for samples of different thicknesses. For an ∼1 μm film the full width at half maximum (FWHM) derived from electron diffraction is 25°–28°. The FWHM of a thicker film (∼7 μm) measured by x-ray diffraction is slightly broader, 35±3°. Aligned films are denser than ordinary filter-deposited ones, and much denser than as-grown material. Optimization of the process is expected to yield smaller FWHMs and higher densities. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.127078
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effects of syringe plunger design on drug delivery during vertical displacement of syringe pumps (2000)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Anaesthesia 55 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2044
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Fluid delivery from four types of commercially available 50-ml syringes was measured using an electronic balance at an infusion rate of 1 ml.h−1. Retrograde aspiration volume and zero-drug delivery time were recorded after lowering the syringe pump by 50 cm. Syringe compliance was calculated from the volume of bolus released after occlusion at 100 mmHg. Zero-drug delivery times differed significantly between syringes, ranging from [mean (SD)] 3.26 (0.40) min to 6.38 (0.56) min (F = 55.5, d.f. = 3/20, p 〈 0.0001). Syringe compliance correlated well with aspiration volume (Pearson r2 = 0.92, p 〈 0.001) and zero-drug delivery time (r2 = 0.90, p 〈 0.001). Syringe design affected the internal syringe compliance. All syringes were associated with potentially relevant zero-drug delivery times after moderate vertical displacement. To minimise this risk, vertical displacement of syringe pumps delivering highly vasoactive drugs should be avoided.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2044.2000.01550.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Start-up delays of infusion syringe pumps (2001)
    Oxford UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Pediatric anesthesia 11 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-9592
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background: We performed a bench experiment to investigate the extent of start-up delays in fluid delivery for four different syringe pumps after initially placing the infusion syringe in the syringe pump. Methods: Pump performance was determined at an infusion rate of 1 ml·h−1 with and without a fluid bolus delivered by the infusion pump prior to connecting the infusion line to the simulated patient. Results: The time (mean ± SD) from starting the pump up to first fluid delivery (t1) differed considerably between pumps (from 6.75 ± 4.4 to 57.2 ± 28.6 min) as did the time to steady state fluid delivery (t2) (from 19.6 ± 9.3 to 76.3 ± 29.0 min). Applying an initial bolus of 2 ml before connecting the line to the simulated patient practically eliminated the delay in fluid delivery (t1 ranging from 0.3 ± 0.1 to 1.1 ± 0.8 min). This manoeuvre also reduced the time to steady flow delivery (t2 from 6.0 ± 3.1 to 11.1 ± 4.3 min, P〈0.001) and minimized the differences between syringe pumps. Conclusions: Syringe pump design affects start-up delay times because of free play of the syringe. These delays can be eliminated by a start-up bolus of 2 ml prior to connecting the infusion line to the patient.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1460-9592.2001.00730.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Calcitonin gene-related peptide and adrenomedullin modulate cytokine-induced microvascular endothelial cell cellular adhesion molecule expression and NF-κB activation (2004)
    Oxford, UK; Malden, USA : Blackwell Publishing Ltd/Inc
    Experimental dermatology 13 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0625
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: AM and the sensory neuropeptide CGRP are potent vasoactive mediators that activate high-affinity G-protein-coupled receptors consisting of receptor-activity modifying proteins (RAMPs) and a seven-transmembrane domain calcitonin receptor-like receptor (CRLR) with RAMP-1/CRLR as CGRP and RAMP2 or -3/CRLR as AM receptors. In this study, we have examined the possibility that AM or CGRP modulate dermal microvascular EC adhesion molecule (ICAM-1 and VCAM-1) expression. Primary HDMEC or cells of the EC line HMEC-1 were transfected with cDNA expression vectors for an EGFP control, RAMP-1, RAMP-2 and CRLR by electroporation, or left untransfected. Stimulation of EC-overexpressing R1/CRLR or R2/CRLR with CGRP or AM (0.01–1000 nm) resulted in a dose-dependent upregulation of intracellular cAMP. Importantly, when HDMEC transfected with R1/CRLR or R2/CRLR were treated with TNFα in combination with CGRP or AM, these peptides interfered with the TNF-induced expression of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 as well as the adhesion of lymphoblastoid cell lines to HDMEC monolayer in a biphasic manner. Likewise, AM and CGRP modulated the activation of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) partly by inhibiting the TNFα-induced degradation of cytosolic IκBα. Neither transfection with the orphan CRLR nor RAMPs alone was capable of mediating a full reduction of TNFα-induced ICAM-1 or VCAM-1 expression. In conclusion, CGRP and more pronounced AM are capable of modulating TNFα-induced EC CAM expression, which may be of importance for the regulation of leucocyte–endothelial cell interaction during cutaneous neurogenic inflammation.This study was supported by the “Medizinische Forschungsgesellschaft Salzburg” and a grant of the Austrian Science Foundation (P14906).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0906-6705.2004.0212bu.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Receptors for calcitonin gene-related peptide and adrenomedullin: implications for skin cell biology (2004)
    Oxford, UK; Malden, USA : Blackwell Publishing Ltd/Inc
    Experimental dermatology 13 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0625
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The specificity of a G-protein-coupled calcitonin receptor (CTR) and a CT receptor-like receptor (CLR) for calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), adrenomedullin (AM) and amylin is defined by the heterodimeric non-covalent association with three receptor-activity-modifying proteins (RAMPs). Chemical cross-linking of proteins at the cell surface and immunoprecipitation have identified [125I]CGRP/CLR/RAMP1, [125I]AM/CLR/RAMP2 and -3 as well as [125I]CGRP/CTR/RAMP1, [125I]amylin/CTR/RAMP1 and -RAMP3 complexes. CLR/RAMP1 defines a CGRP receptor. CLR/RAMP2 and -3 correspond to AM1 and AM2 receptor isotypes, respectively. The AM1 receptor cross-reacts with CGRP at high and the AM2 receptor at low concentrations. With the N-terminal deletion of amino acids 14–20 of the mouse, CLR-selective inactivation of AM over CGRP receptor function was obtained. As a result, functional interaction with AM was no longer possible. Overexpression of the CLR in transgenic mice together with the endogenous RAMP2 results in thinning of the hairs during postnatal development (L. M. Ittner et al. conference poster). In conclusion, the extreme N-terminus of the CLR and the extracellular N-terminal domains of RAMP1 and -2 contain amino acid residues that provide AM- or CGRP-binding selectivity of the CLR/RAMP complexes. Hair development is attenuated, resulting in the thinning of the hairs and eventually alopecia during postnatal development.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0906-6705.2004.0212ae.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Defective hair formation in calcitonin-like receptor transgenic mice (2004)
    Oxford, UK; Malden, USA : Blackwell Publishing Ltd/Inc
    Experimental dermatology 13 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0625
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The heterodimeric calcitonin-like receptor (CLR)/receptor-activity-modifying protein 2 (RAMP2) complex is an adrenomedullin (AM) receptor. Here, transgenic mice expressing a V5-CLR in hair follicles have been generated. Skin sections of the transgenic mice and of control littermates have been investigated. The hair diameter of the mice was measured during hair morphogenesis and first hair cycle. Size and weight of V5-CLR transgenic and control mice were indistinguishable. But after day 12, the coat of the transgenic mice is waved. The number of hairs with a small diameter was significantly higher in transgenic mice as compared with control littermates (P 〈 0.001). There skin sections revealed immunoreactive V5-CLR in the bulb of cycling hair follicles. On in situ hybridization, RAMP2 encoding mRNA colocalized with the V5-CLR protein. Autoradiographic examination showed specific 125I-AM binding in the same place. In conclusion, CLR/RAMP2-overexpressing mice reveal a defined phenotype with thinning of the hairs during postnatal development.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0906-6705.2004.212bg.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Long-term survival in small cell lung cancer patients is correlated with high interleukin-2 secretion at diagnosis (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology 126 (2000), S. 730-733 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1335
    Keywords: Key words Cytokine secretion ; Prognostic factor ; Long-term survival ; Small cell lung cancer
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Purpose: We have previously reported significant impairment of IL-2 secretion in patients with small cell lung cancer (SCLC) at the time of diagnosis. Impairment of IL-2 secretion correlated with reduced survival in SCLC. This new prognostic factor was independent of other factors of prognostic relevance in SCLC. The prognostic value of IL-2 secretion was comparable to the most predominant prognostic factors for survival in SCLC identified so far. We now report long-term survival data from these patients. Methods: The significance of correlations between single parameters in the test groups was calculated by using linear regression analysis, the Wilcoxon rank sum test, and Fisher's exact test. Using the Kaplan-Meier method, the log-rank test and the Cox regression model, we analyzed the relation of IL-2 secretion in whole blood cell cultures from 52 patients with SCLC at the time of diagnosis to established prognostic factors relevant for survival in SCLC. Results: IL-2 secretion correlates with survival in SCLC. In addition, survival analysis according to tumor response and level of IL-2 secretion at the time of diagnosis demonstrates that long-term survival can only be observed after complete response to chemotherapy and high initial IL-2 secretion. Conclusions: IL-2 secretion at the time of diagnosis represents an independent prognostic factor for survival in SCLC. Moreover, long-term survival is only observed in patients with complete response upon chemotherapy that showed high IL-2 secretion at diagnosis. Therefore, IL-2 secretion may partially define long-term survival in this disease. These results have to be confirmed in a larger patient population.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/PL00008479
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Break-up of the Atlantic deep western boundary current into eddies at 8° S (2004)
    [s.l.] : Macmillian Magazines Ltd.
    Nature 432 (2004), S. 1018-1020 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The existence in the ocean of deep western boundary currents, which connect the high-latitude regions where deep water is formed with upwelling regions as part of the global ocean circulation, was postulated more than 40 years ago. These ocean currents have been found adjacent to the ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature03134
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