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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Two-dimensional mapping of the plasma density in the upper atmosphere with computerized ionospheric tomography (CIT) : The 39th annual meeting of division of plasma physics of APS (1998)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 5 (1998), S. 2010-2021 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Tomographic imaging of the ionosphere is a recently developed technique that uses integrated measurements and computer reconstructions to determine electron densities. The integral of electron density along vertical or oblique paths is obtained with radio transmissions from low-earth-orbiting (LEO) satellite transmitters to a chain of receivers on the earth's surface. Similar measurements along horizontal paths can be made using transmissions from Global Position System (GPS) navigation satellites to GPS receivers on LEO spacecraft. Also, the intensities of extreme ultraviolet (EUV) emissions can be measured with orbiting spectrometers. These intensities are directly related to the integral of the oxygen ion and electron densities along the instrument line of sight. Two-dimensional maps of the ionospheric plasma are produced by analyzing the combined radio and EUV data using computerized ionospheric tomography (CIT). Difficulties associated with CIT arise from the nonuniqueness of the reconstructions, owing to limited angle measurements or nonoptimal receiver location. Improvements in both reconstruction algorithms and CIT measurement systems are being implemented to overcome these difficulties. New imaging systems being developed employ CIT for large area mapping of the plasma densities in the ionosphere. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.872872
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Tertiary recrystallization and magnetic induction under various annealing atmospheres in thin-gauged 3% Si–Fe strip (2000)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 87 (2000), S. 5233-5235 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Surface-energy-induced secondary or tertiary recrystallization by grains with a specific surface plane can be freely governed in thin-gauged 3% Si–Fe strips by controlling the bulk content of sulfur and annealing atmosphere. During a vacuum or hydrogen annealing process, a convex profile in segregated-sulfur concentration is formed due to evaporation or desorption of segregated sulfur as a hydrogen sulfide, corresponding to a trough in magnetic induction. High magnetic induction is obtained after the annealing treatments. Final annealing under an argon atmosphere caused a saturation in segregated-sulfur concentration with annealing time. Under this extremely high segregated sulfur, grains of high index crystal plane including {111} continued to grow, resulting in low magnetic induction. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.373305
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Optical and structural studies of the effect of spacers in modulation-doped ZnSe/Zn1−xCdxSe quantum wells (1999)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 86 (1999), S. 891-895 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The effect of spacers in modulation-doped Zn1−xCdxSe/ZnSe:Cl multiple quantum wells (MD-MQWs) was investigated by photoluminescence (PL) and time-of-flight secondary-ion-mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS). A comparison was made between structures with and without spacers as a function of annealing temperature. The diffusion of Cl and Cd was monitored by TOF-SIMS depth profiling and photoluminescence. Although TOF-SIMS does not show any significant diffusion of Cl and Cd in both structures at temperatures up to 385 °C, the PL results indicate the modification of optical properties in the Zn1−xCdxSe/ZnSe:Cl MD-MQWs due to annealing. Up to an annealing temperature of 385 °C, the MD-MQWs with spacers show superior optical quality in the quantum well regions, while quenching of the quantum well band-edge PL and strong enhancement of deep-level emission were observed from the MD-MQWs without spacers. This phenomenon suggests that the radiative deep-level emission may provide more efficient channel for electron–hole recombination with increasing annealing temperature. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.370863
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Newly developed double neural network concept for reliable fast plasma position control : Papers from the thirteenth topical conference on high temperature plasma diagnostics (2001)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 72 (2001), S. 513-516 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Neural network is considered as a parameter estimation tool in plasma controls for next generation tokamak such as ITER. The neural network has been reported to be so accurate and fast for plasma equilibrium identification that it may be applied to the control of complex tokamak plasmas. For this application, the reliability of the conventional neural network needs to be improved. In this study, a new idea of double neural network is developed to achieve this. The new idea has been applied to simple plasma position identification of KSTAR tokamak for feasibility test. Characteristics of the concept show higher reliability and fault tolerance even in severe faulty conditions, which may make neural network applicable to plasma control reliably and widely in future tokamaks. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1323251
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A frequency modulated mm-wave interferometer with a single sideband upconverter (1999)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 70 (1999), S. 2516-2519 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A frequency modulated interferometer is developed, which uses a 94 GHz Gunn oscillator and a single sideband (SSB) upconverter as a frequency modulator. An SSB upconverter makes it possible to use a heterodyne phase measurement technique with one mm-wave source. In addition, the influence of frequency drift and phase noise of a mm-wave source on the phase measurement can be reduced. In this work, the performance of a SSB upconverter as a frequency modulator is examined. Also, overall performance of the mm-wave interferometer with a SSB upconverter and line density measurement results in a mirror device are described. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1149784
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Angle chord integral inverter and a rotating type optical probe (1999)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 70 (1999), S. 1730-1734 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: The inversion problem of angle dependent chord integrals is theoretically studied and a rotating type optical probe is developed for its application. The proposed solution is computationally efficient and robust to measurement additive noise. The probe system constructed is tested in an inductively coupled plasma source by measuring a spectral line intensity of argon plasma. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1149659
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Measurements of the electron temperature by the Thomson scattering system on the Hanbit magnetic mirror device : Papers from the thirteenth topical conference on high temperature plasma diagnostics (2001)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 72 (2001), S. 1118-1121 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A Thomson scattering system on the Hanbit magnetic mirror device has been installed to measure the electron temperature and density of the plasma in the central cell. The configuration is based on a standard 90° scattering scheme. The optical system consists of a Q-switched Nd:YAG laser, input optics, collection optics, spectrograph optics, detectors, and a data acquisition system. Although the laser beam path is about 50 m long and the background emissions are not low, the electron temperature measurements have been made at a single point on a shot-by-shot basis, in which the stray light was considerably suppressed by using a beam dump, a viewing dump, and baffles. The measured electron temperature is about 50–70 eV in experiments for plasma production and heating by ICRF of 200-kW-rf power using a slot antenna. A description of the installed system and the experimental results are presented. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1321749
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Overview of Korea Superconducting Tokamak Advanced Research diagnostics (1999)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 70 (1999), S. 1397-1401 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: The Korea Superconducting Tokamak Advanced Research (KSTAR) project is the Korean national fusion program for constructing a superconducting tokamak, that is capable of a steady-state operation. Currently, the KSTAR diagnostic group is concentrating on conceptual design activities to provide measurements of the plasma behavior that is necessary to satisfy the KSTAR missions. A diagnostic overview for the KSTAR device is presented. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1149631
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A chamber for laboratory studies of atmospheric aerosols and clouds (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 67 (1996), S. 4364-4368 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A stainless-steel chamber has been constructed and interfaced to a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer for the purpose of studying laboratory simulated atmospheric aerosols and clouds. The chamber is cylindrical in design and is comprised of a double-walled inner assembly that resides within an outer vacuum jacket. The volume of the aerosol sample region is 28 L. By circulating refrigerated methanol between the double walls of the inner assembly, constant temperature control of the sample region can be maintained between 187 and 300 K. A study of temperature uniformity within the chamber at 291, 240, and 187 K revealed a standard deviation in temperature of 1.6 K as determined from measurements made using five copper–constantan thermocouples. Good agreement is obtained between thermocouple measured temperatures and rotational temperatures computed from infrared absorption spectra of methane gas. The chamber described here has been used to examine heterogeneous chemistry of solid powder samples. A technique of generating an aerosol sample by rapidly dispersing a solid powder in a gas is presented. The half-life of a γ-alumina aerosol sample was measured to be 25 min. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1147537
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polymorphism of the Helicobacter pylori feoB Gene in Korea: a Possible Relation with Iron-Deficiency Anemia? (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Helicobacter 9 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1523-5378
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background.  Helicobacter pylori is a causative agent of gastritis, and H. pylori infection is thought to be correlated with iron-deficiency anemia (IDA) at puberty. The H. pylori feoB gene product, a high-affinity ferrous iron transporter, plays a central role in iron acquisition and virulence. This study was undertaken to analyze H. pylori feoB status according to clinical data, including antral gastritis with or without IDA.Methods.  Fourteen H. pylori-positive patients aged from 10 to 18 years were categorized into subgroups based on the presence or absence of IDA. Eight patients were diagnosed as having IDA; the other six showed normal hematological findings. Genomic DNA was isolated from H. pylori cultured from each gastric biopsy specimen. Five sets of primers were used for the PCR amplification of the feoB gene. Linking and sequencing of PCR products generated the feoB region, which was 1.93 kb in size. The feoB gene sequences of H. pylori J99 and 26695 were compared with the clinical strains, and the sequences of feoB regions in the IDA (+) and (–) groups were compared.Results.  Sequence analysis of the complete coding region of the feoB gene revealed 16 sites of polymorphism or mutation. Among these, three polymorphisms (E/T254A, I263V, and K511Q) were indigenous to the Korean clinical strains. Although statistically significant differences were observed at four sites (K127T, A273S/P, I438V and I441T) between IDA (+) and (–), the number of specimens was too low to assess the significance of the differences.Conclusion.  The four polymorphisms of the feoB gene observed appear to be related to the clinical phenotype of IDA, but the relation is unclear because of the small number of strains studied. Further studies are required to confirm a correlation between IDA and H. pylori infection.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1083-4389.2004.00239.x
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