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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Early Postoperative Transcranial Sonography (TCS), CT, and MRI after Resection of High Grade Glioma: Evaluation of Residual Tumour and its Influence on Prognosis (2000)
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 142 (2000), S. 1089-1097 
    Details
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Keywords: Brain neoplasms; magnetic resonance imaging; tomography, X-ray computed; ultrasonics.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary ¶ Purpose. In this prospective study the results of multimodal postoperative neuro-imaging were related to the survival of patients with high grade gliomas.  Methods. All 73 patients included underwent microsurgical tumour resection and had postoperative CT and transcranial sonography (TCS) examinations. In addition, 35 of the 73 patients received an early postoperative MRI. Patients were followed up for at least one year.  Findings. At the end of the 7 year study period 56 patients had died. The median survival time was 371 days. Survival rate was significantly higher in patients with anaplastic astrocytomas and inpatients displaying complete tumour resection on MRI (log-rank-test, p〈0.05) or a small postoperative residual tumour bulk on TCS (log-rank-test, p〈0.05). Cox proportional hazards model identified histological tumour grade, postoperative Karnofsky index, complete resection based on MRI and small postoperative residual tumour mass on TCS as independent predictors of survival.  Interpretation. This study demonstrates that early postoperative neuro-imaging has prognostic implications for the survival of patients with high grade gliomas. According to our results postoperative imaging with MRI and TCS is a valuable prognostic with regard to patient survival and should therefore be implemented in postoperative follow-up. It also helps to evaluate the efficacy of adjuvant therapy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s007010070035
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An energetic stellar outburst accompanied by circumstellar light echoes (2003)
    [s.l.] : Macmillian Magazines Ltd.
    Nature 422 (2003), S. 405-408 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Some classes of stars, including novae and supernovae, undergo explosive outbursts that eject stellar material into space. In 2002, the previously unknown variable star V838 Monocerotis brightened suddenly by a factor of ∼104. Unlike a supernova or nova, it did not ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature01508
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cheyletiella dermatitis in humans, dogs and cats (2000)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 143 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.2000.03869x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Book reviews (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of economics 72 (2000), S. 99-126 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-7134
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Economics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01231491
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Procalcitonin (PCT) in patients with abdominal sepsis (2000)
    Springer
    Intensive care medicine 26 (2000), S. S165 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1238
    Keywords: Key words Peritonitis ; Sepsis ; Septic courses ; Diagnosis ; Cytokines ; Procalcitonin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background: To assess the accuracy of procalcitonin as a measure of severity in patients with septic abdominal illnesses and the sepsis syndrome, to compare measurements with those of other inflammatory mediators, and to predict outcome.¶Methods: We carried out a prospective clinical study from 246 patients with infective or septic episodes confirmed at laparotomy and 66 patients undergoing elective operations who acted as controls. Specimens of blood for measurement of cytokine concentrations determination were obtained daily from septic patients. In the control group specimens were obtained before operation, at the end of operation, and on each of the following days until normal recovery (day 10). Every two weeks up to 3 months for patients with metastases, who were being followed up.¶Results: Compared with other cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor αa and interleukin 6 procalcitonin was closely related to the development of infective and septic complications. 59 of 246 patients (24 %) with sepsis died. Procalcitonin concentrations preoperatively [median 2.05 compared with 4.2 ng/ml (p = 0.08)] (Mann-Whitney U-test) did not differ, but those on the days 1, 4 and at the end differed significantly [day 1: 4.9 compared with 13.8 ng/ml (p 〈 0.01); day 4: 4.8 compared with 13.0 ng/ml (p 〈 0.01) and 0.4 compared with 13.25 ng/ml (p 〈 0.01) at the end of the study]. In the control group only 7 (1.6 %) of all blood samples, were detected outside the normal range (up to 0.8 ng/ml).¶Conclusions: Procalcitonin is a new indicator of infection and sepsis. TNF and IL-6 concentrations always rise after major operations and fall in the absence of infection, indicating operative trauma. Procalcitonin is sensitive in detecting infective complications. Under routine conditions the procalcitonin concentrations seems to be valid, reproducible and detectable.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001340051137
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Klimakterium, Menopause und Senium: Einfluss auf das kardiovaskuläre System (2000)
    Springer
    Reproduktionsmedizin 16 (2000), S. 189-193 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-808X
    Keywords: Keywords Menopause • Estrogens • Cardiovascular effect • Lipid metabolism ; Schlüsselwörter Menopause ; Östrogene ; Kardiovaskuläre Wirkung ; Lipidmetabolismus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die Inzidenz von kardiovaskulären Erkrankungen bei Frauen im fortpflanzungsfähigen Alter ist deutlich niedriger im Vergleich zu der gleichaltriger Männer. Ab Beginn der Menopause gleicht sich die Häufigkeit der arteriosklerotisch bedingten Erkrankungen mit der von Männern an. Durch die Gabe von Östrogenen ist die kardiovaskuläre Schutzwirkung wieder gegeben. Östrogene beeinflussen positiv den Lipidmetabolismus und haben einen blutdrucksenkenden Einfluss. Darüberhinaus besitzen sie einen direkten protektiven Effekt auf die lädierte Gefäßwand und senken die plasmatischen Konzentrationen von Fibrinogen und Antithrombin III. Bei der Applikation oraler oder transdermaler Östrogene mit oder ohne Gestagenen ist mit einem protektiven kardiovaskulären Effekt zu rechnen. Hier wird ein gering erhöhtes Thrombose- und Mammakarzinomrisiko in Kauf genommen.
    Notes: The incidence of cardiovascular diseases in women of child-bearing age is significantly lower than in men of the same age. Cardiovascular diseases are equally distributed when menopausal women without hormonal replacement therapy are compared with men. Administration of estrogens restores cardiovascular protection. Estrogens have a lowering effect on cholesterol levels in serum and are strong vasodilators. They have also a direct protective action on the arterial wall and decrease levels of coagulatory factors such as fibrinogen and antithrombin III. Oral or transdermal administration of estrogens with or without gestagens proves beneficial in reducing cardiovascular mortality. A slightly higher rate of deep vein thrombosis and breast cancer is accepted.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004440000177
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The influence of environmental variables on the abundance of aquatic insects: a comparison of ordination and artificial neural networks (2000)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 422-423 (2000), S. 143-152 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: artificial neural networks ; ordination ; aquatic insect emergence ; prediction ; discharge pattern
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Two methods to predict the abundance of the mayflies Baetis rhodani and Baetis vernus (Insecta, Ephemeroptera) in the Breitenbach (Central Germany), based on a long-term data set of species and environmental variables were compared. Statistic methods and canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) attributed abundance of emerged insects to a specific discharge pattern during their larval development. However, prediction (specimens per year) is limited to magnitudes of thousands of specimens (which is outside 25% of the mean). The application of artificial neural networks (ANN) with various methods of variable pre-selection increased the precision of the prediction. Although more than one appropriate pre-processing method or artificial neural networks was found, R 2 for the best abundance prediction was 0.62 for B. rhodaniand 0.71 for B. vernus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1017047022207
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Remarks on the behavioristic analysis of competitive reactions Bemerkungen zur behavioristischen Analyse von Wettbewerbsreaktionen (2000)
    Springer
    OR spectrum 22 (2000), S. 97-116 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-6304
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter: Wettbewerbsreaktion – Wettbewerbsstrategie – Marketing-Mix – Stochastisches Modell ; Key words: Competitive reaction – Competitive strategy – Marketing mix – Stochastic model
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Economics
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract. One particularly predominant current challenge to quantitative management science is the modeling and analysis of competitive actions and reactions. Approaches following the stimulus response paradigm are able to take into account the limited access to a company's internal decision making processes. In the present paper the most significant characteristics of a behavioristic analysis of competitive reactions are described. Furthermore, a stochastic model of competitive reactions by the simultaneous use of several marketing instruments is proposed. The empirical evidence of the model will be demonstrated with POS scanner data on frequently purchased consumer goods.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung. Eine der vordringlichsten gegenwärtigen Herausforderungen an die quantitative Management-Wissenschaft ist die Modellierung und Analyse von Wettbewerbsaktionen und -reaktionen. Dem begrenzten Zugang zu unternehmensinternen Entscheidungsprozessen kann durch die behavioristische Modellierung des Wettbewerbsverhaltens entsprechend dem Stimulus-Response-Paradigma Rechnung getragen werden. Im vorliegenden Beitrag werden wesentliche Charakteristika der behavioristischen Analyse von Wettbewerbsreaktionen dargestellt. Darüber hinaus wird ein stochastisches Modell der Wettbewerbsreaktion durch den simultanen Einsatz verschiedener Marketinginstrumente vorgestellt. Die empirische Überprüfung des Modells erfolgt anhand eines POS-Scannerdatensatzes für ein Konsumgut des täglichen Bedarfs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002910050007
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ueber die reducirende Wirkung der Soda bei Löthrohrversuchen (1850)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 49 (1850), S. 191-192 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.18500490118
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