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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cord blood oxygen saturation in vigorous infants at birth: what is normal? (2000)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 107 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Objective To define the normal ranges of umbilical cord blood oxygen saturation (SaO2) and acid-base status at birth and to evaluate the effect of gestational age on cord blood values in vigorous newborn infants following spontaneous vaginal birth from a vertex position.Design Prospective study.Setting Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Graz, Austria.Sample Cord blood samples from 1281 vigorous newborn infants.Methods Cord blood sampling was performed following on newborn infants following spontaneous vaginal birth in a vertex position. SaO2 was measured directly by a spectrophotometer and pH, base excess, pCO2 and pO2 by a pH/blood-gas analyser. Infants with a 5-minute Apgar score ≥ 7 were considered vigorous. Subgroups were classified according to the gestational age: preterm, term and postterm (〈 37, 37–42 and 〉 42 weeks, respectively).Results The median umbilical artery SaO2 was 24.3% and the 2.5th centile was as low as 2.7%. The median umbilical artery values were pH = 7.25, base excess =−4.3 mmol/L and pO2= 16 mmHg. The 2.5th centiles were 7.08, −11.1 mmol/L and 5 mmHg, respectively. The median umbilical artery pCO2 was 50 mmHg and the 97.5th centile was 75 mmHg. The mean umbilical artery and vein SaO2 values were not significantly influenced by gestational age. The umbilical artery SaO2 and base excess values were strongly skewed. The mean umbilical artery pH values in preterm infants were higher than in other subgroups. The mean umbilical artery and vein base excess values were lower in post-term newborn infants than in other subgroups.Conclusions The physiological range of oxygen saturation in umbilical cord of vigorous newborn infants at birth is wide and skewed. In contrast to pH and base excess, umbilical cord blood oxygen saturation is not influenced significantly by gestational age at birth.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.2000.tb10401.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inversion within the haloalkaliphilic virus φCh1 DNA results in differential expression of structural proteins (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Molecular microbiology 52 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2958
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The sequence of φCh1 contains an open reading frame (int1) in the central part of its genome that belongs to the λ integrase family of site-specific recombinases. Sequence similarities to known integrases include the highly conserved tetrad R-H-R-Y. The flanking sequences of int1 contain several direct repeats of 30 bp in length (IR-L and IR-R), which are orientated in an inverted direction. Here, we show that a recombination active region exists in the genome of φCh1: the number of those repeats, non-homologous regions within the repeat clusters IR-L and IR-R and the orientation of the int1 gene vary in a given virus population. Within this study, we identified circular intermediates, composed of the int1 gene and the inwards orientated repeat regions IR-L and IR-R, which could be involved in the recombination process itself. IR-L and IR-R are embedded within ORF34 and ORF36 respectively. As a consequence of the inversion within this region of φCh1, the C-terminal parts of the proteins encoded by ORF34 and 36 are exchanged. Both proteins, expressed in Escherichia coli, interact with specific antisera against whole virus particles, indicating that they could be parts of φCh1 virions. Expression of the protein(s) in Natrialba magadii could be detected 98 h after inoculation, which is similar to other structural proteins of φCh1. Taken together, the data show that the genome of φCh1 contains an invertible region that codes for a recombinase and structural proteins. Inversion of this segment results in a variation of these structural proteins.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2958.2003.03983.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Natrialba magadii virus φCh1: first complete nucleotide sequence and functional organization of a virus infecting a haloalkaliphilic archaeon (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Molecular microbiology 45 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2958
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The double-stranded (ds)DNA virus φCh1 infects the haloalkaliphilic archaeon Natrialba magadii. The complete DNA sequence of 58 498 bp of the temperate virus was established, and the probable functions of 21 of 98 φCh1-encoded open reading frames (ORFs) have been assigned. This knowledge has been used to propose functional modules each required for specific functions during virus development. The φCh1 DNA is terminally redundant and circularly permuted and therefore appears to be packaged by the so-called headful mechanism. The presence of ORFs encoding homologues of proteins involved in plasmid replication as well as experimental evidence indicate a plasmid-mediated replication strategy of the virus. Results from nanosequencing of virion components suggest covalent cross-linking of monomers of at least one of the structural proteins during virus maturation. A comparison of the φCh1 genome with the partly sequenced genome of Halobacterium salinarum virus φH revealed a close relationship between the two viruses, although their host organisms live in distinct environments with respect to the different pH values required for growth.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2958.2002.03064.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Häufigkeit der konnatalen Zytomegalie in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland (2000)
    Springer
    Monatsschrift Kinderheilkunde 148 (2000), S. 887-890 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-0474
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Konnatale Zytomegalie ; Konnatale Zytomegalievirusinfektion ; Ganciclovir ; Keywords Symptomatic cytomegalovirus disease ; Asymptomatic cytomegalovirus infection ; CMV disease ; CMV infection ; Ganciclovir
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract Introduction. Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is the leading cause of congenital infection. 90–95% of infected infants are free of symptoms at birth and 5–10% are suffering from symptomatic disease. Methods. Between 1.11.1997 and 31.10.1999 clinical, laboratory and demographic data were monthly collected from standardized case reports. A congenital CMV infection was documented by isolation of virus, antigen or DNA in the first or second week of life and serologically. Results. There were 65 infants with congenital symptomatic CMV disease and 32 infants with presumtive congenital CMV disease. 45 out of 97 children were foreigners. 34 patients were treated with ganciclovir. In 13 of them the indication for virostatic treatment did not seem to be correct. Conclusion. The prevalence rate of congenital CMV infection in Germany is about 2/1000 infants. A virostatic therapy should be initiated in children with symptomatic CMV disease within the first 2 weeks of life.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Hintergrund. Die Zytomegalievirusinfektion (Zytomegalievirus: CMV) ist eine der häufigsten konnatalen Infektionen. Erkrankt sind 5–10% der infizierten Neugeborenen (konnatale Zytomegalie), bei 90–95% liegt eine Infektion vor. Die Häufigkeit der konnatalen Zytomegalie in Deutschland ist unbekannt. Methode. Vom 1.11.1997–31.10.1999 wurden monatlich 363 Kinderabteilungen angeschrieben und Daten zum Patienten und zum klinischen Bild erfragt. Die Diagnose einer CMV-Infektion erfolgte mittels Viruskultur, Antigentest, PCR, DNA-Hybridisierung, Nachweis von Eulenaugenzellen sowie serologisch (CMV-spezifische IgM-Antikörper). Ergebnisse. In 2 Jahren wurde bei 65 Kindern eine konnatale Zytomegalie diagnostiziert, bei weiteren 32 Kindern war diese Diagnose wahrscheinlich. Der Anteil der ausländischen Patienten betrug 46%. 34 Kinder wurden mit Ganciclovir behandelt. Bei 13 von ihnen war die Indikation zur virostatischen Therapie nicht sicher gegeben. Schlussfolgerungen. In Deutschland dürften jährlich etwa 0,2% aller Neugeborenen mit CMV infiziert sein. Bei Kindern mit einer konnatalen Zytomegalie sollte in den ersten 2 Lebenswochen eine virostatische Behandlung begonnen werden.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001120050664
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