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  • 2000-2004  (10)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fluorescence urethroscopy following instillation of 5-aminolevulinic acid: A new procedure for detecting clinical and subclinical HPV lesions of the urethra (2001)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology 15 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: To report early clinical experience with intraurethral instillation of 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) for the detection of clinical lesions (condyloma acuminata) and subclinical human papillomavirus (HPV) lesions of the urethra, not visible by conventional endoscopy.〈section xml:id="abs1-3"〉〈title type="main"〉Subjects and settingEighty-four men with clinical diagnosis of condyloma acuminata were examined for urethral HPV lesions at the Department of Urology, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany.〈section xml:id="abs1-4"〉〈title type="main"〉MethodsThe anogenital areas of the patients were thoroughly examined using a magnifying glass before and after application of 5% acetic acid. Conventional as well as fluorescence urethroscopy were performed 1 h after topical application of 0.1% ALA for 15 min. A sensitive colour charge-coupled device camera for fluorescence video inspection was used with spectral analysis. Biopsies were taken for histological examination and HPV detection by polymerase chain reaction (PCR).〈section xml:id="abs1-5"〉〈title type="main"〉ResultsForty-three of 84 men attending our clinic for condyloma acuminata had clinical HPV lesions of the urethra. Condylomas of the proximal urethra were found by conventional endoscopy in eight patients. Fluorescence urethroscopy detected additional subclinical lesions in 13 men. All lesions were HPV infections of the urethra confirmed histologically or by PCR. In nine of these subclinical urethra lesions low-risk HPV types (HPV6, 11, 34) were found. Four lesions were associated with high-risk types (HPV18, 31, 52, 58).〈section xml:id="abs1-6"〉〈title type="main"〉ConclusionsFluorescence urethroscopy is a promising diagnostic procedure for detecting subtle clinical and subclinical HPV lesions of the urethra, that are normally not visualized by conventional endoscopy. Generally, urethroscopy is recommended in all cases of externally visible condylomas of the urethra after therapy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1468-3083.2001.00249.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electron mobility in amorphous silicon thin-film transistors under compressive strain (2001)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 79 (2001), S. 3347-3349 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We evaluated amorphous silicon thin-film transistors under uniaxial compressive strain of up to 1%. The on-current and hence the electron linear mobility decrease. The off-current, leakage current, and the threshold voltage do not change. The mobility decreases linearly with applied compressive strain. Upon the application of stress for up to 40 h the mobility drops "instantly" and then remains unchanged. We conclude that compressive strain broadens both the valence and conduction band tails of the a-Si:H channel material, and thus reduces the effective electron mobility. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1418254
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    How Do Routines of Daily Activities and Flexibility of Daily Activities Affect Tooth-cleaning Behavior? (2000)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of public health dentistry 60 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1752-7325
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Objective: The aims of this study were: (1) to investigate the level of routines and flexibility of people's daily activity and to identify how tooth cleaning fits into these activities; and (2) to evaluate the impact of different levels of routines and flexibility in daily living on pattern (frequency of tooth cleaning), structure (range of items used in tooth cleaning), performance (relative effectiveness of tooth cleaning) and the outcome of performance (gingival bleeding on probing) in tooth cleaning. Methods: A convenience sample of 471 Brazilians aged 24 to 44 years was selected from factories, offices, banks, shops, and hospitals. Behavioral, socioeconomic, and clinical data were collected through structured interviews. Dental plaque and gingival bleeding were assessed by clinical examination. Data were analyzed by means of logistic regression. Results: A highly significant relationship was observed between routines of daily activities and tooth-cleaning pattern (OR=2.3; 95% CI=1.34, 3.92) after adjusting for age, sex, marital status, and socioeconomic status. No significant associations were observed between routines of daily activities and gingival bleeding. A significant association was observed between tooth-cleaning frequency (OR=1.6; 95% CI=1.07, 2.49), performance (OR=2.7; 95% CI=1.77, 4.14), outcome (OR=2.3; 95% 01=1.31, 3.18), and flexibility of daily activities. Those who had more flexibility of daily activities had lower gingival bleeding scores. Conclusion: People who have a less routinized and more flexible day have higher tooth-cleaning frequency than those who have a less flexible and more routinized day. In this study, those with a more flexible day also cleaned their teeth more effectively than those who had a less flexible day, and had reduced gingival bleeding.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-7325.2000.tb03321.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Method for the determination of frequency response and signal to noise ratio for constant-temperature hot-wire anemometers (2001)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 72 (2001), S. 1904-1909 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Determination of the frequency response of constant-temperature hot-wire anemometers is needed for measurements of high frequency turbulent fluctuations or when the bridge cannot be well adjusted because of too short a testing time. A method is proposed to determine the complete transfer function of a constant-temperature anemometer bridge in several milliseconds by means of an electrical test. The frequency response is used to perform postcorrection of the data, which enables the measurement of turbulent quantities at frequencies higher than the cut-off frequency of the system, when the bridge adjustment is not optimum. The technique, which is tested in the free stream of a supersonic wind tunnel at M=2.5, also enables a accurate estimation of the signal to noise ratio. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1347970
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Significance of the Caspase Family in Helicobacter pylori Induced Gastric Epithelial Apoptosis (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Helicobacter 7 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1523-5378
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background and Aims.  H. pylori infection results in an increased epithelial apoptosis in gastritis and duodenal ulcer patients. We investigated the role and type of activation of caspases in H. pylori-induced apoptosis in gastric epithelial cells.Methods.  Differentiated human gastric cancer cells (AGS) and human gastric mucous cell primary cultures were incubated with H. pylori for 0.5–24 hours in RPMI 1640 medium, and the effects on cell viability, epithelial apoptosis, and activity of caspases were monitored. Apoptosis was analyzed by detection of DNA-fragments by Hoechst stain®, DNA-laddering, and Histone-ELISA. Activities of caspases were determined in fluorogenic assays and by Western blotting. Cleavage of BID and release of cytochrome c were analyzed by Western blot. Significance of caspase activation was investigated by preincubation of gastric epithelial cells with cell permeable specific caspase inhibitors.Results.  Incubation of gastric epithelial cells with H. pylori caused a time and concentration dependent induction of DNA fragmentation (3-fold increase), cleavage of BID, release of cytochrome c and a concomittant sequential activation of caspase-9 (4-fold), caspase-8 (2-fold), caspase-6 (2-fold), and caspase-3 (6-fold). No effects on caspase-1 and -7 were observed. Activation of caspases preceded the induction of DNA fragmentation. Apoptosis could be inhibited by prior incubation with the inhibitors of caspase-3, -8, and -9, but not with that of caspase-1.Conclusions.  Activation of certain caspases and activation of the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway are essential for H. pylori induced apoptosis in gastric epithelial cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1523-5378.2002.00112.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Assessment of the biological performance of the needle-free injector INJEX using the isolated porcine forelimb (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 150 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background  The development and utilization of novel needle-free injection devices in order to minimize needle stick injuries make increasing demands for suitable assay systems, which reflect the physiological situation in humans as close as possible.Objectives  It was therefore the goal of the present study to test the biological performance of a needle-free injector (INJEX) by the use of porcine skin as a model with a high predictive value for the feasibility in humans because of its close similarity to human skin.Methods  In order to use porcine skin in the context of the underlying tissues, the isolated porcine forelimb was chosen as an assay model for use with the INJEX injector. Ink or the fluorescent dye fluorescein-isothiocyanate was injected and the penetration depth was determined metrically and dye distribution histologically. To assess the resorption of heparin, needle injection was compared with needle-free injection in a perfused limb model.Results  Increasing amounts of ink increasingly penetrated into subcutaneous tissue layers in a cone-shaped manner mainly following lead structures. Penetration was hampered by skin thickness and by the deep muscle fascia, which served as a penetration barrier. Resorption of heparin was similar irrespective of injection by the use of a needle or the INJEX device.Conclusions  The isolated porcine forelimb serves as a versatile tool for the assessment of the biological performance of needle-free injection devices such as INJEX. Further studies are necessary to correlate the model for drug delivery in humans.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2004.05853.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Management of malignant melanoma: new developments in immune and gene therapy (2000)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Clinical and experimental dermatology 25 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2230
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Thus far, the use of classical anti-cancer treatment modalities had only rarely a beneficial impact on the prognosis of patients with metastatic melanoma. We as physicians have therefore the obligation as well as the chance to develop and test new therapeutic strategies. Our growing knowledge about the genetic basis of melanoma provides one platform to fulfil this task. Another one comes from our increasing understanding of the molecular and cellular mechanisms involved in the induction/modulation of immune responses, as well as the progress made in the field of identification of melanoma antigens, and allows for the development of a new generation of vaccines. The aim of this article is to discuss several of these new concepts towards the use of immune and gene therapy of melanoma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2230.2000.00694.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of cross-reactive bell pepper allergens involved in the latex-fruit syndrome (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 34 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background Between 30% and 50% of individuals who are allergic to latex products are also allergic to specific plant foods, a fact that is well documented as the latex-fruit syndrome. Simultaneous sensitization to latex and bell pepper has been previously reported. Although bell pepper fruits are frequently consumed raw, cooked or as a spice, little is known about the cross-reactive allergens.Objective In this study we wished to identify bell pepper allergens involved in the latex-fruit syndrome.Methods Sera of four patients who displayed clinical symptoms to latex and bell pepper were used in immunoblot studies on protein extracts of three different cultivars of fresh bell pepper and fresh Hevea latex. Cross-reactive allergens were identified by inhibition experiments using recombinant Hev b 8 (latex profilin), and natural Hev b 2 (latex β-1,3-glucanase) in addition to the protein extracts. A novel cross-reactive IgE-reactive 30 kDa protein was subjected to sequence analysis.Results Three patients displayed IgE to profilins from bell pepper fruits and latex. Two patients possessed IgE to Hev b 2, a latex β-1,3-glucanase, and a homologous protein in bell pepper. One patient possessed IgE reactive with a protein of 30 kDa identified by N-terminal sequencing as an l-ascorbate peroxidase and another patient to a protein of 38 kDa. Additionally, IgE binding proteins in two higher molecular weight ranges showed cross-reactive capacities.Conclusion Our findings show on the molecular level that bell pepper is part of the latex-fruit syndrome. For the first time we have identified the major latex allergen Hev b 2, a β-1,3-glucanase, and the bell pepper l-ascorbate peroxidase as cross-reactive allergens. We were also able to show that profilins are responsible for some of the IgE cross-reactivity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.2004.02103.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mucosal tolerance as therapy of type I allergy: intranasal application of recombinant Bet v 1, the major birch pollen allergen, leads to the suppression of allergic immune responses and airway inflammation in sensitized mice (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science, Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 32 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background Several studies have demonstrated that mucosal administration of soluble antigens can prevent the onset or reduce the severity of certain autoimmune diseases or allergies. Few studies exist showing the efficacy of mucosal tolerance for therapy of such diseases.Objective The aim of the present study was to modulate an allergic immune response by intranasal antigen administration in an already sensitized organism.Methods A murine model of allergic asthma to birch pollen (BP) and its major allergen Bet v 1 was utilized. Sensitized mice were intranasally treated with recombinant (r)Bet v 1 in different concentrations and at different intervals. On the day the mice were killed, blood and bronchoalveolar lavage fluids were taken and immediate type I skin tests were performed. T cell proliferation and cytokine production (interleukin (IL)-5, interferon (IFN)-γ) were measured in spleen and lung cell cultures.Results Mucosal treatment with rBet v 1 (3 × 50 µg in 4 day intervals) led to a reduction of type I skin reactions, suppressed immunoglobulin (Ig)G1/IgE antibody levels and markedly decreased IL-5 and IFN-γ production in vitro in spleen and lung cell cultures. Moreover, lung inflammation (i.e. eosinophilia and IL-5 levels in bronchoalveolar lavage fluids) was significantly suppressed by the treatment.Conclusion Our results demonstrate that intranasal treatment with rBet v 1 reduced systemic allergic immune responses as well as airway inflammation in BP-sensitized mice. We therefore suggest that mucosal tolerance induction with recombinant allergens could be a promising concept for the therapy of allergic diseases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.0022-0477.2001.01214.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    CD44 variant isoform v10 is expressed on tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and mediates hyaluronan-independent heterotypic cell–cell adhesion to melanoma cells (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Experimental dermatology 12 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0625
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: CD44 is a family of cell-surface receptors on human lymphocytes that act as co-stimulatory molecules leading to the induction of effector functions in T cells. We have analyzed primary cutaneous malignant melanomas with clinical and histologic signs of tumor regression using immunohistochemistry and observed the predominant expression of the CD44 variant isoform v10 on CD3 CD4/CD8 co-expressing tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL). We further analyzed the role of CD44v10 in adhesion of lymphocytes to human melanoma cells. In contrast to CD44– lymphatic cells, CD44v10+ lymphatic cells strongly bound to cultured human melanoma cells and to frozen tissue samples of melanomas. Antibody blocking studies revealed a hyaluronan-, integrin-, and selectin-independent pathway of adhesion. Furthermore, CD44v10+ lymphatic cells exhibited significantly higher invasiveness in three-dimensional collagen matrices as compared with CD44H+ and CD44-negative lymphocytes. These results indicate that expression of CD44v10 on TIL may mediate adhesion to melanoma cells and result in gain of novel invasive properties.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0625.2003.00044.x
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