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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 83 (1998), S. 4324-4333 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Spin splitting of conduction band electrons in In0.53Ga0.47As/In0.77Ga0.23As/InP heterostructures due to spin-orbit coupling is studied by performing Shubnikov–de Haas measurements on nongated and gated Hall bars. From an analysis of the beating pattern in the Shubnikov–de Haas oscillations, the spin-orbit coupling constant is determined. For a symmetric sample no beating pattern and thus no spin splitting is observed. This demonstrates that the k3 contribution to the spin-orbit coupling constant can be neglected. By applying an envelope function theory it is shown that the major contribution to the Rashba spin-orbit coupling originates from the band offset at the interface of the quantum well. Using gated Hall bar structures it is possible to alter the spin-orbit coupling by application of an appropriate gate voltage. A more negative gate voltage leads to a more pronounced asymmetry of the quantum well, which gives rise to a stronger spin-orbit coupling. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Anaesthesia 52 (1997), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2044
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: In this noninterventional study, the implementation of ‘modern’ pain management in clinical practice was investigated by recording the regular prescription, administration and efficacy of analgesic drugs. This resulted in a reproducible and superficial quality control design for hospitals. One hundred and fifty surgical patients were followed during 5 days postoperatively. For every patient, pain, mood and sedation were measured using visual analogue and verbal descriptive scores; the prescription of analgesics at set times and administered doses of analgesics were also recorded. Only paracodeine and naproxen were administered regularly as prescribed, unlike paracetamol and morphine. The prescribed daily dose of morphine was only received by 4.2% of all patients. Although the postoperative pain treatment pathway was considered to be improved after better education and communication, in fact the opposite was found. This is probably caused by traditional thinking, lack of control and time pressure on the hospital staff and the subservient attitude of the patient.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Pediatric allergy and immunology 16 (2005), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1399-3038
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1433-0385
    Keywords: Key words: Intraoperative cholangiography ; Cholangiolithiasis ; Common bile duct injuries. ; Schlüsselwörter: Intraoperative Cholangiographie ; Choledocholithiasis ; Gallengangverletzungen.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung. 275 Patienten mit einem symptomatischen Gallensteinleiden, bei denen aufgrund von anamnestischen Angaben sowie laborchemischen und sonographischen Befunden kein Hinweis auf eine Choledocholithiasis vorlag, wurden in eine prospektive, kontrollierte, randomisierte Studie eingeschlossen. Bei 137 Patienten wurde im Rahmen der Cholecystektomie keine intraoperative Cholangiographie (IOC) durchgeführt, bei den verbleibenden 138 Patienten wurde sie versucht. In 111 Fällen (80,4 %) gelang es, das Gallenwegsystem darzustellen. In 3 Fällen (2,7 %) wurden Steine im Ductus cysticus bzw. im Ductus choledochus nachgewiesen, die ohne IOC verblieben wären. In einem Fall lieferte die IOC ein falsch-positives Ergebnis. Die Patienten wurden ein Jahr nach der Operation einer Nachuntersuchung unterzogen. Drei Patienten, bei denen keine IOC durchgeführt worden war, hatten zwischen Operation und Nachuntersuchungstermin einen symptomatischen Steinabgang. Bei einem weiteren Patienten wurde dies als mögliche Ursache einer Pankreatitis diskutiert. In einem Fall war ein Choledochuskonkrement mittels endoskopischer Papillotomie (EPT) entfernt worden. Keiner der Patienten erlitt durch die Gangkonkremente einen bleibenden Schaden. In der Gruppe der Patienten mit IOC ergab sich in keinem Fall ein Hinweis auf ein übersehenes Choledochuskonkrement. Zwischen beiden Studiengruppen bestand kein Unterschied hinsichtlich der Häufigkeit postoperativer Komplikationen. Die Eingriffe mit IOC dauerten signifikant länger (92 ± 31 vs. 77 ± 28 min). Aufgrund der Ergebnisse dieser Studie und der Daten in der Literatur ist es nicht gerechtfertigt, den zeitlichen, logistischen und materiellen Mehraufwand einer IOC im Rahmen jeder Cholecystektomie in Kauf zu nehmen. Patienten, bei denen sich aufgrund präoperativer Angaben oder Befunde der Verdacht auf eine Cholangiolithiasis ergibt, können vor der Cholecystektomie einer endoskopischen Gallenwegsanierung (ERCP und EPT) zugeführt werden.
    Notes: Summary. A prospective, controlled, randomized trial was conducted in 275 patients with symptomatic gall stone disease, whose history, laboratory data or sonographical findings did not suggest common bile duct stones. Of these patients, 137 did not undergo intraoperative fluoroscopic cholangiography (IOC), but in the remaining 138 patients IOC was attempted. In 111 cases (80.4 %) the biliary system was sufficiently visualized. In 3 patients (2.7 %) calculi in the cystic or common bile duct were diagnosed, which would have been overlooked without IOC. IOC was false-positive in one case. One year after the operation the patients were asked to return for a follow-up examination. Three patients in the group without IOC had had symptomatic passage of a stone, and one had a common bile duct stone removed by endoscopic papillotomy. A retained stone was discussed as etiology for a pancreatitis in a fifth patient in this group. No patient sustained long-term sequelae from the retained common bile duct stones. None of the patients in the IOC group had evidence of cholangiolithiasis at follow-up. There was no difference between the study groups concerning the incidence of post-operative complications. The operations with IOC lasted significantly longer (92 ± 31 min vs 77 ± 28 min). According to our data and those published earlier, the additional financial and logistic expenditure associated with routine IOC is not justified. Patients with the preoperative suspicion of a common bile duct stone should have endoscopic bile duct clearance (ERCP and EPT) prior to cholecystectomy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 51 (1995), S. 174-177 
    ISSN: 1600-5740
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford [u.a.] : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 51 (1995), S. 190-193 
    ISSN: 1600-5759
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 51 (1995), S. 931-936 
    ISSN: 1600-5724
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: The Laue technique is suitable to study effects that depend on wavelength such as absorption, anomalous dispersion or secondary extinction. The accuracy of the measured integrated intensities for X-ray structure determination is comparable with measurements of conventionally collected data. The present paper describes and discusses the results of a single-crystal data collection with a Laue diffractometer. The results obtained from the Laue data are in very good agreement with the results from conventionally collected data.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 51 (1995), S. 559-565 
    ISSN: 1600-5724
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: When the Laue technique is applied to ordinary diffractometer devices and detector systems, problems appear with respect to the Lorentz factor that are unsatisfactorily treated in the literature. A detailed treatment of beam divergence and mosaic spread leads to a derivation of the exact expression for the Lorentz factor for X-ray diffraction with white radiation. This expression differs from the usual formulae if the mosaic spread and beam-divergence angles are of the order of magnitude of the diffraction angle. In addition, the different expressions for the Lorentz factor appearing in the literature are discussed in detail.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Materials science forum Vol. 228-231 (July 1996), p. 107-112 
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 51 (1995), S. 91-92 
    ISSN: 1600-5724
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: For the transition of the structure factors of benzil (B) to benzil (A), Colella [Acta Cryst. (1994), A50, 55–57] employs the relation TeXi.e., in matrix notation, TeX This relation is wrong since det (A) = 1. It is not a mapping onto an enantiomorph; for the change of handedness, det (A) must be −1. Moreover, matrix A is an element of the related point group 321. Thus, the result is symmetrically equivalent to the starting set of structure factors. As a consequence, all arguments presented on the basis of (1) are invalid.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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