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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Intermediate-term Predictions of Earthquakes in Italy: Algorithm M8 (1998)
    Springer
    Pure and applied geophysics 152 (1998), S. 37-55 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Keywords: Key words: Earthquake prediction, algorithm M8, seismicity, Italy.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract —Large earthquakes in Italy are preceded by a specific seismic activation which could be diagnosed by a reproducible intermediate-term earthquake prediction method—a modification for lower seismic rate areas of the algorithm, known as M8 (Keilis-Borok and Kossobokov, 1990). Use has been made of the PFG-ING catalog of earthquakes, compiled on a regular basis, to determine areas and times of increased probability for occurrences of M≥ 6 earthquakes. In retroactive simulation of forward prediction, for the period 1972–1995, both the 1976 Friuli, M = 6.1 and the 1980 Irpinia, M = 6.5 earthquakes are predicted. In the experiment where priority magnitude scale is used, the times of increased probability for a strong earthquake to occur (TIPs) occupy less than a quarter of the total magnitude-space-time domain, and are rather stable with respect to positioning of circles of investiga tion. Successful stability tests have been made considering a recently compiled catalog (CCI97) (Peresan et al., 1997). In combination with the CN algorithm results (Costa et al., 1996) the spatio-temporal uncertainty of the prediction could be reduced to 5%. The use of M8 for the forward prediction requires the computations to be repeated each half-year, using the updated catalog.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s000240050140
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Application of the CN Intermediate-term Earthquake Prediction Algorithm to the Area of the Southern External Dinarides (1999)
    Springer
    Pure and applied geophysics 156 (1999), S. 689-699 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Keywords: Key Words: Earthquake prediction, CN algorithm, Dinarides, Croatia.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract —The paper presents the results of application of the CN algorithm to the area of the Southern External Dinarides. Two cases are considered—one for the knowledge gained throughout the considered period of time (1936–1996), and the other when learning ceased in 1986. In the first case 8 out of 9 strong earthquakes could have been predicted, three false alarms are declared (covering 7% of the total time considered) and TIPs occupy 32% of the total time. There is no clear relation between the TIPs duration and the size of the related earthquake. The second case (when the CN functions are defined on the basis of a shorter learning period) produces even slightly better results: only two false alarms are declared. In both cases current alarm exists in the region. All attempts to reduce the area of the regional polygon resulted in poorer prediction results.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s000240050319
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    S-wave Velocity Models in the Scotia Sea Region, Antarctica, from Nonlinear Inversion of Rayleigh Waves Dispersion (1999)
    Springer
    Pure and applied geophysics 154 (1999), S. 121-139 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Keywords: Key words: Antarctica, Scotia Sea, lithosphere structure, surface waves.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract —More than 60 events recorded by four recently deployed seismic broadband stations around Scotia Sea, Antarctica, have been collected and processed to obtain a general overview of the crust and upper mantle seismic velocities.¶Group velocity of the fundamental mode of Rayleigh waves in the period between 10 s to 30–40 s is used to obtain the S-wave velocity versus depth along ten different paths crossing the Scotia Sea region. Data recorded by two IRIS (Incorporated Research Institutions for Seismology) stations (PMSA, EFI) and the two stations of the OGS-IAA (Osservatorio Geofisico Sperimentale—Instituto Antarctico Argentino) network (ESPZ, USHU) are used.¶The Frequency-Time Analysis (FTAN) technique is applied to the data set to measure the dispersion properties. A nonlinear inversion procedure, "Hedgehog," is performed to retrieve the S-wave velocity models consistent with the dispersion data.¶The average Moho depth variation on a section North to South is consistent with the topography, geological observations and Scotia Sea tectonic models.¶North Scotia Ridge and South Scotia Ridge models are characterised by similar S-wave velocities ranging between 2.0 km/s at the surface to 3.2 km/s to depths of 8 km/s. In the lower crust the S-wave velocity increases slowly to reach a value of 3.8 km/s. The average Moho depth is estimated between 17 km to 20 km and 16 km to 19 km, respectively, for the North Scotia Ridge and South Scotia Ridge, while the Scotia Sea, bounded by the two ridges, has a faster and thinner crust, with an average Moho depth between 9 km and 12 km.¶On other paths crossing from east to west the southern part of the Scotia plate and the Antarctic plate south of South Scotia Ridge, we observe an average Moho depth between 14 km and 18 km and a very fast upper crust, compared to that of the ridge. The S-wave velocity ranges between 3.0 and 3.6 km/s in the thin (9–13 km) and fast crust of the Drake Passage channel. In contrast the models for the tip of the Antarctic Peninsula consist of two layers with a large velocity gradient (2.3–3.0 km/s) in the upper crust (6-km thick) and a small velocity gradient (3.0–4.0) in the lower crust (14-km thick).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s000240050224
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Seismotectonic Model and CN Earthquake Prediction in Italy (1999)
    Springer
    Pure and applied geophysics 154 (1999), S. 281-306 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Keywords: Key words: CN algorithm, earthquake prediction, Italy, seismotectonic model.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract —The choice of the regions is essential in the application of the algorithm CN, therefore a seismotectonic criterion for their definition is tested. In order to take into account the geodynamic complexity characterising the Italian peninsula, we established to strictly follow the seismotectonic zones, including in each region only zones with similar seismogenic behaviour and the transitional zones connected to them. Three regions have been successfully defined in this way, corresponding approximately to the North, Centre and South of Italy. The reduction of the space-time uncertainty and the increase of the stability of prediction results obtained with this regionalisation, with respect to the previous applications of CN in Italy (Keilis-Borok et al., 1990; Costa et al., 1995, 1996), can be interpreted as a validation of the seismotectonic model.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s000240050230
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stability of premonitory seismicity pattern and intermediate-term earthquake prediction in Central Italy (1995)
    Springer
    Pure and applied geophysics 145 (1995), S. 259-275 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Keywords: Seismicity ; earthquake prediction ; seismotectonic ; regionalization ; Italy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The algorithm CN makes use of normalized functions. Therefore the original algorithm, developed for the California-Nevada region, can be directly applied, without adjustment of the parameters, to the determination of the Time of Increased Probability (TIP) of strong earthquakes for Central Italy. The prediction is applied to the events with magnitudeM≥M 0=5.6, which in Central Italy have a return period of about six years. The routinely available digital earthquake bulletins of the Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica (ING), Rome, permits continuous monitoring. Here we extend to November 1994 the first study made by Keilis-Boroket al. (1990b). On the basis of the combined analysis of seismicity and seismotectonic, we formulate a new regionalization, which reduces the total alarm time and the failures to predict, and narrows the spatial uncertainty of the prediction with respect to the results ofKeilis-Borok et al. (1990b). The premonitory pattern is stable when the key parameters of the CN algorithm and the duration of the learning period are changed, and when different earthquake catalogues are used. The anlysis of the period 1904–1940, for whichM 0=6, allows us to identify self-similar properties between the two periods, in spite of the considerably higher seismicity level of the earlier time interval compared with the recent one.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00880270
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Meiotic segregation and recombination of the intergenic spacer of the ribosomal DNA in the ectomycorrhizal basidiomycete Laccaria bicolor (1996)
    Springer
    Current genetics 30 (1996), S. 332-337 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: Key words Laccaria bicolor ; Basidiomycete ; Intergenic spacers ; Ribosomal DNA ; Meiotic recombination ; Heteroduplex
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  The aim of this study was to clarify the inheritance of the nuclear ribosomal DNA (rDNA) in the ectomycorrhizal basidiomycete Laccaria bicolor S238N in order to resolve inter- and within-strain relationships in forest ecosystems. PCR amplification of the intergenic spacer (IGS) was carried out in the dikaryotic mycelium and its haploid progeny. In the dikaryotic mycelium, multiple amplification products were produced for the 25s/5s (IGS1) and 5s/17s (IGS2) intergenic spacers. The 4.5- and 4.0-kb fragments of IGS2 (haplotypes α and β, respectively) were observed to occur in a 1:1 ratio within the haploid progeny as a result of divergent IGS haplotypes in the two separate nuclei. Recombinant monokaryons having both types of IGS2 occurred at a low frequency (6.5%; 60 kb per centimorgan) during meiosis. Haplotypes α and β of IGS1 cross-hybridized forming heteroduplexes during the PCR temperature cycle. The two IGS1 haplotypes differed only by the repeat number of a TA2C3 motif and co-segregated with the IGS2 haplotypes. Heteroduplex formation and IGS polymorphism provide information that is helpful in distinguishing between introduced exotic L. bicolor S238N and indigenous populations of Laccaria spp. in forest ecosystems.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002940050141
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Occupational contact urticaria due to cisplatin (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Contact dermatitis 34 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0536
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0536.1996.tb02181.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Feynman identity: A special case. I (1997)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Mathematical Physics 38 (1997), S. 1014-1034 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7658
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Mathematics , Physics
    Notes: There is an identity due to Feynman which relates graphs and closed curves on a lattice and it was used by Feynman in his combinatorial proof of Onsager's closed formula for the partition function of the two-dimensional Ising model. Long ago Sherman considered a special case of this identity and pointed out similarities with the Witt identity of Lie algebra theory. In this paper and following, we revisit this special case and solve some problems related with it. In particular, the weights are computed explicitly using paths and words and a direct connection with the Witt formula is found. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.531881
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biological Parameters in Breast Cancer (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 784 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1996.tb16274.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Timing of Surgery during Menstrual Cycle and Prognosis in Operable Breast Cancer (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 784 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1996.tb16276.x
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