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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structure of a Volcanic Continental Margin Derived from Ocean-bottom Seismographic Data: The Northern Vøring Margin, off Norway (1998)
    Springer
    Pure and applied geophysics 152 (1998), S. 1-21 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Keywords: Key words: Vøring margin, Ocean-Bottom Seismograph, crustal structure, volcanic continental margin.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract —This paper presents a crustal model derived from an Ocean Bottom Seismograph (OBS) study along the northern Vøring margin off Norway. The profile was acquired to map the crustal structure in the northernmost part of the Vøring Basin, and to link crustal models of the Lofoten and central Vøring Basin obtained by previous OBS studies. The Vøring margin, as well as the Lofoten margin to the north, was created by continental breakup between Norway and Greenland in late Paleocene-early Eocene. The rifting and continental breakup process were accompanied by intense extrusive and intrusive magmatic activities. The OBS data provide the whole crustal structure along the northern Vøring margin, in the area where the deep crustal structure cannot be resolved by conventional multichannel reflection data due to sill intrusions in the sedimentary sequence. The shallow part of the crustal model is characterized by up to 10 km thick sediments, a sequence of flood basalts and sill intrusions. The P-wave velocities in the flood basalts and sill intrusions are estimated to 5.0 km/s and 4.7–5.8 km/s, respectively. The model indicates an abrupt thickening of the upper crystalline crust from approx.3 km in the NE, to about 10 km towards the SE, with velocities of 6.0–6.2 km/s. The lower crustal velocities are not well resolved due to lack of clear refraction arrivals from the lower crust. However, the observed amplitude versus offsets are best explained by a model with a change in lower crustal velocities from 6.8 to 7.2 km/s beneath the Bivrost lineament. The modelling infers the presence of a lower crustal reflector beneath the lineament, which represents the landward continuation of the Bivrost lineament. Reflection arrivals from the Moho reveal a Moho depth of 23 km in the middle of the profile and 18– 20 km in the northeastern part of the profile. A 370 km long crustal section from the central part of the Vøring Basin to the Lofoten margin, obtained by the results of this study and previous OBS studies, shows a simple thinned continental crust on the Lofoten margin, and a high velocity lower crust underlying an upper crust of varying thickness in the Vøring Basin. The transition between these structures is situated beneath the Bivrost lineament in the lower crust, and beneath the basement high about 40 km south of the lineament in the upper crust.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s000240050138
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparison between a Regional and Semi-regional Crustal OBS Model in the Vøring Basin, Mid-Norway Margin (1997)
    Springer
    Pure and applied geophysics 149 (1997), S. 641-665 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Keywords: Key words: Vøring Basin, crustal structure, 3-component OBSs.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract —Semi-regional Ocean Bottom Seismograph (OBS) data acquired in the central and northern part of the Vøring Basin, mid-Norway margin, have been modeled by use of 2-D ray-tracing. The semi-regional model, derived from the study of twenty-five OBSs deployed along a 120-km long profile, is compared with a regional model consisting of five OBSs from the same profile. The semi-regional model is somewhat more detailed than the regional model, due to the considerably closer receiver spacing. The overall geometry and velocity distribution of the two models are remarkably similar, however, proving that the regional procedure with large OBS spacing provides a reliable regional model.¶Intrusions of sills, related to early Tertiary continental rifting and break up, are important at intermediate and deep sedimentary levels (2–10 km below sea floor) in most parts of the area. The semi-regional modeling suggests that one of the deepest sills extends much further east and is substantially thicker (locally more than 500 m) than indicated in the regional model. Another important difference is a high-velocity body within the upper crystalline crust at 11–12 km depth in the NW part of the area, indicating that the closer OBS spacing in the semi-regional modeling allows detection of local intra-crustal intrusions. Local differences are also inferred in the lower crust; at about 20 km depth a structure is inferred within the lower crust from wide-angle reflections. This might suggest that the high-velocity lower crustal layer, interpreted as magmatic underplating, consists of a mixture of underplated/intruded magmatic material and blocks of continental lower crust.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s000240050045
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Modelling shear waves in OBS data from the Vøring basin (Northern Norway) by 2-D ray-tracing (1996)
    Springer
    Pure and applied geophysics 147 (1996), S. 611-629 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Keywords: Vøring basin ; 3C OBS data ; shear waves
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Three component recordings from an array of five ocean bottom seismographs in the northwestern part of the Vøring basin have been used to obtain a 2-D shear-wave (S-wave) velocity-depth model. The shear waves are identified by means of travel-time differences compared to the compressional (P) waves, and by analyzing their particle motions. The model has been obtained by kinematic (travel-time) ray-tracing modelling of the OBS horizontal components. The shear-wave modelling indicates that mode conversions occur at several high velocity interfaces (sills) in the 4–10 km depth range, previously defined by a compressional-wave velocity-depth model using the same data set. An averageV p /V s ratio of 2.1 is inferred for the layers above the uppermost sill, indicative of both poorly consolidated sediments and a low sand/shale ratio. A significant decrease in theV p /V s ratio (1.7) below the first sill may in part be atributed to well consolidated sediments, and to a change in lithology to more sandy sediments. This layer is interpreted to lie within the lower Cretaceous sequence. At 5–10 km depthV p /V s ratios of 1.85 indicate a lower sand/shale ratio consistent with the expected lithologies. The averageV p /V s ratio inferred for the crust is 1.75, which is consistent with values obtained north of Vøring, in the Lofoten area. An eastward thinning of the crystalline basement is supported by the shear-wave modelling.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01089694
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Measurement of 5-fluorouracil in scalp hair: a possible index of patient compliance with oral adjuvant chemotherapy (1996)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 50 (1996), S. 109-113 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Key words 5-Fluorouracil ; Hair analysis; adjuvant chemotherapy ; oral administration ; compliance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract.  Objective: Little is known about patient compliance with oral adjuvant chemotherapy. It is estimated to be poor especially in Japan, where it is still unusual for patients to be directly informed of their diagnosis of malignancy. 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) was measured in hair samples to assess patient exposure to 5-FU, and its potential usefulness is discussed as an index of compliance with postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy. Methods: Hair samples obtained from 55 patients, who had received oral 5-FU (total dose 27-41 g) as postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy over a 6-month period, were used for the analysis of 5-FU. The drug was extracted from the hair using ethyl acetate, and its fluorescence derivatization was employed for measurement with HPLC. The detection limit of 5-FU in hair was 0.01 ppm. Results: In 22 out of 55 samples 5-FU content was under the detection limit, whereas in the remaining 33 samples the drug was detected in a range of 0.006-2.125 ng per hair strand; in addition, drug content showed a log-normal distribution. 5-FU was detected in the hair collected from those patients who were possibly compliant with the postoperative oral adjuvant chemotherapy. Conclusion: As many as 40% of the patients analysed were supposed to be much less compliant. Even in the possibly compliant patients, the degree of compliance with the therapy varied according to a log-normal distribution.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002280050077
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Crustal structure of the Lofoten continental margin, off northern Norway, from ocean-bottom seismographic studies (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Geophysical journal international 121 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-246X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: In 1988, an extensive geophysical experiment was performed on the Lofoten passive continental margin, which was formed by the continental break-up between Greenland and northern Norway at 58 Ma. The geological units of the outer Lofoten margin are characterized by seaward-dipping reflectors (SDRs) and landward flood basalt, which extends up to 100 km landwards of SDRs. In this study, we obtain the P-wave velocity structure beneath the Lofoten Basin, the SDRs, and the landward flood basalt by use of ocean-bottom seismograph refraction profiling, and we also discuss the formation of the northern Norwegian passive continental margin.In the Lofoten Basin the crust is of oceanic type, consisting of sedimentary layers, oceanic laver 2 (4.9−5.5 km s−1), layer 3A (6.3−6.8 km s−1) and layer 3B (7.0−7.1 km s−1). Beneath the SDRs the crustal layers are identical to those of the Lofoten Basin, but the thickness of the lower crust, which represents the same velocity as layer 3B, increases to 5 km towards the continent side, and a high-velocity lower crustal layer (7.3 km s−1) is formed at the base of the crust. The ocean-continent transition zone is situated between the landward side of the SDRs and the northward continuation of the Vøring Plateau Escarpment. In this region the velocity of the lower crust gradually decreases and approaches the lower crustal velocity beneath the Lofoten Islands (6.8 km s−1). The model also indicates that the high-velocity layer disappears in this region. Comparing our model with the crustal structure on the Vøring margin, it is clear that the lower crustal body (≥7 km s−1) thickens southwards along the northern Norwegian continental margin. Recent results from petrological and geophysical studies of the generation of the oceanic crust have shown that increasing the temperature of the upwelling asthenospheric material increases the thickness of the oceanic crust. We interpret this as that the oceanic crust in the southern area in the Vøring-Lofoten margin was generated by hotter material than that of the northern area.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.1995.tb06447.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy with mitomycin C and UFT for curatively resected rectal cancer. Results from the Cooperative Project No.7 Group of the Japanese Foundation for Multidisciplinary Treatment of Cancer (1998)
    Springer
    International journal of clinical oncology 3 (1998), S. 357-364 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-7772
    Keywords: Rectal cancer ; Adjuvant chemotherapy ; Disease-free survival ; Mitomycin C ; UFT
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background. This study was conducted to evaluate the significance of postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy using mitomycin C (MMC) and UFT (tegafur; uracil at 1:4 molar ratio) in combination for rectal cancer. Methods. The Japanese Foundation for Multidisciplinary Treatment of Cancer conducted a prospective randomized controlled trial in 834 patients who had undergone curative resection for rectal cancer (T3 or T4 and/or Nl, N2, or N3 according to TNM classification) from February 1986 to December 1988. The patients were randomly allocated to a treatment group (MMC/UFT, 416 patients) and a control group (surgery alone, 418 patients). For the patients in the treatment group, 20 mg of MMC was sprinkled on the operating field upon completion of surgery. MMC was injected intravenously (6 mg/m2) on day 7, and then once a month for months 1–6 after surgery. UFT was administered at 400mg/day, orally, for 1 year, beginning 3 weeks after surgery. Results. There was no difference, in the 5-year survival rate between the two groups, but the 5-year disease-free survival rate in the MMC/UFT group (68.9%) was significantly higher than that (59.3%) in the control group (P = 0.006). The 5-year cumulative local recurrence rate was significantly lower in the MMC/UFT group (11.6%) than in the control group (19.0%) (P = 0.007). Conclusion. We conclude that the adjuvant use of longterm oral UFT and intermittent MMC (i.v.) improves the disease-free survival rate of patients with curatively resected rectal cancer (T3 or T4 and/or N1, N2, or N3).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00539213
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bilateral type diverticular disease of the colon (1996)
    Springer
    International journal of colorectal disease 11 (1996), S. 71-75 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1262
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé.  Selon le siège des diverticules mis en évidence par lavement baryté en double contraste, 7,543 examens ont été classés en lésion du côté droit lésion du côté gauche et lésion bilatérale: la fréquence et le nombre de diverticules ont été corrélés avec l'âge au cours d'une période initiale de 1982 à 1987 et d une période plus tardive de 1988 à 1992. Des diverticules ont été retrouvés chez 22,2% des hommes et 15,5% des femmes examinés. Les lésions sont plus fréquentes du côté droit. La répartition selon l'âge des lésions bilatérales était similaire à celle du type gauche. Les lésions de siège bilatérales augmentent de fréquence après 60 à 70 ans; les lésions du côté droit augmentent chez les sujets d'âge moyen alors que les lésions de siège gauche ne changent pas. Dans les lésions bi-latérales, les diverticules du côlon droit sont plus grands que dans des formes purement localisées du côté droit mais ne changent pas avec l'âge et dans le groupe bilatéral les diverticules du côté gauche sont aussi fréquents que dans les formes de siège purement gauche mais l'incidence n'augmente pas aved l'âge. L'augmentation de la pré-valence du type bilatéral et non purement gauchede la maladie diverticulaire a contribué, dans les années récentes, à l'augmentation des diverticules du côlon gauche parmi les sujets japonais et cete augmentation peut bien avoir été précédée par une augmentation du nombre de diverticules siégeant du côté droit.
    Notes: Abstract.  7,543 double-contrast barium enema studied for the presence of diverticula which were classified into right-sided, left-sided and bilateral types, and the relationship of the frequency (detection rate) and numbers of diverticula to age were examined for the earlier (1982 – 87) and later (1988 – 92) periods. Diverticular disease was found in 22.2% of male and 15.5% of female examinees. The right-sided type predominated among the subjects. Frequency distribution by age of the bilateral type was similar to that of the left-sided type. Bilateral diverticular disease increased in frequency with advancing years in the sixth and seventh decade, the right-sided type increased in middle-aged subjects, and the left-sided type did not. The bilateral type was composed of diverticula in the right colon, where numbers were greater than in the pure right-sided type, but remained unchanged with increasing age, and diverticula in the left colon, where numbers were similar to the pure left-sided type, but did not increase with age. Increase in the prevalence of bilateral and not pure left-sided form has contributed to the recent increase in diverticula in the left colon among the Japanese, and might have been preceded by an increase in the right-sided type.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003840050024
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bilateral type diverticular disease of the colon (1996)
    Springer
    International journal of colorectal disease 11 (1996), S. 71-75 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1262
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Selon le siège des diverticules mis en évidence par lavement baryté en double contraste, 7,543 examens ont été classés en lésion du côté droit lésion du côté gauche et lésion bilatérale: la fréquence et le nombre de diverticules ont été corrélés avec l'âge au cours d'une période initiale de 1982 à 1987 et d une période plus tardive de 1988 à 1992. Des diverticules ont été retrouvés chez 22,2% des hommes et 15,5% des femmes examinés. Les lésions sont plus fréquentes du côté droit. La répartition selon l'âge des lésions bilatérales était similaire à celle du type gauche. Les lésions de siège bilatérales augmentent de fréquence après 60 à 70 ans; les lésions du côté droit augmentent chez les sujets d'âge moyen alors que les lésions de siège gauche ne changent pas. Dans les lésions bilatérales, les diverticules du côlon droit sont plus grands que dans des formes purement localisées du côté droit mais ne changent pas avec l'âge et dans le groupe bilatéral les diverticules du côté gauche sont aussi fréquents que dans les formes de siège purement gauche mais l'incidence n'augmente pas aved l'âge. L'augmentation de la prévalence du type bilatéral et non purement gauchede la maladie diverticulaire a contribué, dans les années récentes, à l'augmentation des diverticules du côlon gauche parmi les sujets japonais et cete augmentation peut bien avoir été précédée par une augmentation du nombre de diverticules siégeant du côté droit.
    Notes: Abstract 7,543 double-contrast barium enema studied for the presence of diverticula which were classified into right-sided, left-sided and bilateral types, and the relationship of the frequency (detection rate) and numbers of diverticula to age were examined for the earlier (1982–87) and later (1988–92) periods. Diverticular disease was found in 22.2% of male and 15.5% of female examinees. The right-sided type predominated among the subjects. Frequency distribution by age of the bilateral type was similar to that of the left-sided type. Bilateral diverticular disease increased in frequency with advancing years in the sixth and seventh decade, the right-sided type increased in middle-aged subjects, and the left-sided type did not. The bilateral type was composed of diverticula in the right colon, where numbers were greater than in the pure rightsided type, but remained unchanged with increasing age, and diverticula in the left colon, where numbers were similar to the pure left-sided type, but did not increase with age. Increase in the prevalence of bilateral and not pure left-sided form has contributed to the recent increase in diverticula in the left colon among the Japanese, and might have been preceded by an increase in the right-sided type.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00342463
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