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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Clinical oral investigations 3 (1999), S. 168-174 
    ISSN: 1436-3771
    Keywords: Key words Root caries ; Prevalence ; Middle age ; Risk factors
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  From a preventive point of view collection of data concerning carious and non-carious cervical tooth defects is definitely important. Consequently, the prevalence and distribution of different root lesions were studied and correlated with behavioral and biological factors in 50- to 60-year-old German individuals (n=298). Additionally, the data were correlated with characteristics concerning oral health and known risk factors such as gender, educational level, and presence of plaque. An interview included questions on sociodemographic and socioeconomic characteristics, dental and general health status, and various behavioral parameters. During clinical examination data concerning coronal and root lesions, restorations, probing depth, gingival bleeding, and dental plaque were obtained. The participants represented a social middle class population with a high awareness of dental health. Obviously, for the participants, known risk factors for root decay such as gender, educational level and plaque index were of minor importance. Factors correlating with root caries were: (a) number of missing teeth, (b) probing depth, (c) smoking habit, (d) regular dental attendance and (e) the reason for the last dental treatment. Additionally, the prevalence of non cariogenic lesions, primarily resulting from increased but wrongly performed oral self care, seems gradually to relieve carious root destruction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Keywords: Mycorrhiza ; External hyphae ; Root morphology ; Grasslands ; Soil moisture
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract External hyphae of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal (VAM) fungi were quantified over a growing season in a reconstructed tallgrass prairie and an ungrazed cool-season pasture. In both sites, hyphal lengths increased throughout the growing season. Peak external hyphal lengths were 111 m cm−3 of soil in the prairie and 81 m cm−3 of soil in the pasture. These hyphal lengths calculate to external hyphal dry weights of 457 μg cm−3 and 339 μg cm−3 of soil for prairie and pasture communities, respectively. The relationships among external hyphal length, root characteristics, soil P and soil moisture were also determined. Measures of gross root morphology [e.g., specific root length (SRL) and root mass] have a strong association with external hyphal length. Over the course of the study, both grassland communities experienced a major drought event in late spring. During this period a reduction in SRL occurred in both the pasture and prairie without a measured reduction in external hyphal length. Recovery for both the pasture and prairie occurred not by increasing SRL, but rather by increasing external hyphal length. This study suggests that growth is coordinated between VAM hyphae and root morphology, which in turn, are constrained by plant community composition and soil nutrient and moisture conditions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Monatsschrift Kinderheilkunde 147 (1999), S. 346-350 
    ISSN: 1433-0474
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Myelosarkom ; Akute myeloische Leukämie (AML) ; Leucaemia cutis ; Hautinfiltration ; Key words Myelosarcoma ; Acute myeloid leukemia ; Aleukemic leukemia cutis ; Skin infiltration
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Background: Isolated myelosarcoma of the skin in childhood is a rare manifestation of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) preceding bone marrow involvement by weeks to month. Results: During the studies of AML-BFM 87/93 for the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia an isolated myelosarcoma of the skin was diagnosed in eight patients aged 0.3 to 16 years. Histologically most cases were classified as monoblastic or myelomonocytic leukemia (FAB M5, n=5; FAB M4, n=4; FAB M0, n=1). Two infants, 3 and 6 month old remained in complete remission after being treated only by surgical or by oral cytostatic therapy. Two children treated according to the AML-BFM-schedule are in complete remission. Delayed performance of diagnostic procedures and the initially mild symptoms seemed to be the reasons for reduced treatment in the remaining cases. After first relapse all patients received intensive cytostatic treatment (AML-BFM 87/93), but all of them relapsed a second time. Three of these children died due to progressive disease after 21/2 to 31/2 years. Only one patient is in complete remission since 61/2 years. Conclusion: Suspect skin lesions should be considered as myelosarcoma preceding AML. Reduced treatment seems to be justified only for young toddlers without malignant bone marrow blasts. An early and intensive cytostatic treatment is recommended for all other children with isolated myelosarcoma of the skin.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Hintergrund: Das isolierte Myelosarkom der Haut im Kindesalter ist eine seltene Manifestation der akuten myeloischen Leukämie (AML), die dem Nachweis der Leukämie im Knochenmark Wochen bis Monate vorausgehen kann. Studiendesign und Ergebnisse: In den AML-BFM 87/93-Studien zur Behandlung der akuten myeloischen Leukämie im Kindesalter wurden bei 8 Patienten (1,2%) im Alter von 3 Monaten bis 161/2 Jahren isolierte Myelosarkome der Haut diagnostiziert. Histologisch überwogen monoblastäre und myelomonozytäre Leukämiezellen (FAB M5, n=5; FAB M4, n=2; FAB M0, n=1). Während 2 Säuglinge, bei der Diagnose 3 und 6 Monate alt, nach lediglich lokaler chirurgischer Tumorexstirpation bzw. einer alleinigen oralen zytostatischen Therapie in anhaltender Vollremission verblieben, war dies bei den älteren Kindern (31/2–161/2 Jahre) nur bei den beiden gemäß AML-BFM-Studienprotokoll behandelten Patienten der Fall. Die verzögerte Diagnostik und die milde initiale Symptomatik führten bei den übrigen 4 Patienten zu einer reduzierten Initialbehandlung. Erst nach dem ersten Rezidiv erfolgte die intensive systemische Therapie (AML-BFM 87/93). Alle 4 Patienten erlitten ein 2. Rezidiv. 3 der Patienten verstarben 21/2–31/2 Jahre nach der Diagnose, 1 Patient befindet sich bei einer Beobachtungszeit von 61/2 Jahren in Vollremission. Schlußfolgerung: Bei außergewöhnlichen Hautinfiltrationen sollte das seltene Myelosarkom in die differentialdiagnostische Überlegungen einbezogen werden. Nur bei jungen Säuglingen mit solitärem Tumor ohne Knochenmarkbefall scheint eine abwartende Haltung gerechtfertigt zu sein. Für alle anderen Kinder wird eine frühzeitige intensive zytostatische Therapie empfohlen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1433-0474
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Das Erstmanifestationsalter liegt mit über 80% vor dem 10. Lebensjahr; das Maximum sogar zwischen 3. und 5. Lebensjahr. Jeder Pädiater sollte sich also in Diagnostik und Therapie dieser Erkrankung auskennen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Monatsschrift Kinderheilkunde 145 (1997), S. 485-488 
    ISSN: 1433-0474
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Pilzbezoar ; Candida albicans ; Hydronephrose ; Neugeborene ; Key words Fungus bezoar ; Candida albicans ; Hydronephrosis ; Newborn
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Fungus-bezoars in the renal pelvis are an unusual manifestation of severe Candida albicans infection. A newborn infant with VACTERL-association suffered from fungus balls in the renal pelvis after Candida albicans sepsis, and developed a hydronephrosis with beginning postrenal failure. Following systemic antimycotic therapy with amphotericin B and flucytosin as well as local irrigation with amphotericin B via percutaneous nephrostomy renal function normalised rapidly. Discussion: Since the incidence of systemic mycotic infection in neonates becomes more common the differential diagnosis of nephrolithiasis should include fungus balls.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Pilzbezoare im Nierenbecken sind eine ungewöhnliche Manifestation einer schweren Infektion durch Candida albicans. Wir beschreiben ein reifes Neugeborenes mit VACTERL-Assoziation, das nach einer Candidasepsis Pilzbezoare im Nierenbecken entwickelte, die zu einer Hydronephrose mit beginnendem postrenalem Nierenversagen führten. Unter antimykotischer Therapie mit Amphotericin B und Fluzytosin sowie direkter Spülung mit Amphotericin B nach perkutaner Nephrostomie kam es zur Normalisierung der Ausscheidungsfunktion. Diskussion: Bei zunehmender Häufigkeit von systemischen Candidainfektionen insbesondere in der Neonatologie sollte differentialdiagnostisch zur Nephrolithiasis auch an die Möglichkeit einer Bezoarbildung gedacht werden, um eine frühe und effektive Therapie einleiten zu können.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1432-0584
    Keywords: Key words Myelodysplastic syndrome ; Hemoglobin F ; Fetal erythropoiesis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Reactivation of fetal hemoglobin synthesis in adulthood can be seen in hematological disorders affecting the erythropoietic system. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the incidence and prognostic significance of increased hemoglobin F in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome. Hemoglobin F concentrations and Gγ/Gγ+Aγ-globin chain ratios were determined in 26 patients with primary myelodysplastic syndrome. Median age of the patients was 65 years; all FAB subtypes were included. Increased hemoglobin F concentration of up to 20% of total hemoglobin (normal: below 2%) was seen in 16 patients; ten patients had normal values. There was a significant relation between hemoglobin F concentration and the course of disease, e.g., 12 of the 16 patients with elevated hemoglobin F survived at least 1 year after the examination, in contrast to only three of the ten patients with normal hemoglobin F (p〈0.025). All of six patients with hemoglobin F above 5% survived at least 1 year. There was no significant difference in the hemoglobin F concentration between patients with and without cytogenetic anomalies. The Gγ/Gγ+Aγ-globin chain ratio was slightly elevated in all patients, with a weak correlation to the degree of hemoglobin F elevation. The values were not of additional prognostic significance. The data of the present study suggest that the hemoglobin F concentration may be a prognostic parameter in myelodysplastic syndrome; increased hemoglobin F concentration may indicate a better prognosis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1432-0584
    Keywords: Key words Hereditary spherocytosis ; Postsplenectomy ; Sepsis ; Overwhelming postsplenectomy infections ; Pneumococci
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Very late sepsis in splenectomized patients with hereditary spherocytosis has been seen rarely up to now; the frequency and the immunodeficiency causing it are largely unknown. Within the past 7 years we have learned of four cases of sepsis or meningitis (three fatal) in adult patients with hereditary spherocytosis who had been splenectomized years earlier. The estimated frequency of very late postsplenectomy infections is 0.69 cases of sepsis or meningitis in 1000 patient-years (0.46 deaths in 1000 patient-years). Pneumococci were proven in two patients. The surviving patient showed low antibody titers against pneumococcal serotypes even after pneumococcal meningitis and subsequent vaccination. There have been several reports of an insufficient response to pneumococcal vaccination in patients with severe infections. We recommend determination of pneumococcal antibody titers after immunization in every splenectomized patient: Nonresponders to vaccination may be at high risk for overwhelming postsplenectomy infection. Our data demonstrate that there is a lifelong risk for severe postsplenectomy infections and therefore the lasting need for immediate antibiotic therapy in any case with sudden onset of high fever.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Annals of hematology 78 (1999), S. 555-557 
    ISSN: 1432-0584
    Keywords: Key words Hemolytic anemia · Hereditary spherocytosis · Erythrocyte enzyme deficiency · Cryohemolysis test
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  The cryohemolysis test has been proposed as a new method of identifying hereditary spherocytosis. The purpose of the present study was to analyze the sensitivity and specificity of this method in comparison to the measurement of osmotic fragility. The examination included 61 patients suffering from hereditary spherocytosis and 58 patients with other hemolytic and nonhemolytic anemias. Hereditary spherocytosis patients showed significantly higher cryohemolysis values (median 29.7%, range 12.3–50.2%) than both normal subjects (median 3%, range 0.5–27%) and all other anemic patients excepting those with immune hemolytic anemia (median 4%, range 0.5–10.1%). Analysis of immune hemolytic anemia revealed broadly scattered values ranging from 1.4% to 53.5% (median 8.6%). Taking 15% as the threshold value, the sensitivity and specificity of the cryohemolysis test for hereditary spherocytosis were 95% and 96%, respectively. It is concluded that the simple-to-perform cryohemolysis test is quite comparable to the estimation of red cell osmotic fragility and therefore very useful as a diagnostic measure of hereditary spherocytosis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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