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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The NSY mouse: a new animal model of spontaneous NIDDM with moderate obesity (1995)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 38 (1995), S. 503-508 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: NSY mouse ; non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus ; animal model ; insulin secretion ; isolated islets
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The NSY (Nagoya-Shibata-Yasuda) mouse was established as an inbred strain of mouse with spontaneous development of diabetes mellitus, by selective breeding for glucose intolerance from outbred Jcl∶ICR mice. NSY mice spontaneously develop diabetes mellitus in an age-dependent manner. The cumulative incidence of diabetes is 98% in males and 31% in females at 48 weeks of age. Neither severe obesity nor extreme hyperinsulinaemia is observed at any age in these mice. Glucose-stimulated insulin secretion was markedly impaired in NSY mice after 24 weeks of age. In contrast, fasting plasma insulin level was higher in male NSY mice than that in male C3H/He mice (545±73 vs 350±40 pmol/l, p〈0.05, at 36 weeks of age). Pancreatic insulin content was higher in male NSY mice than that in male C3H/He mice (76±8 vs 52±5 ng/mg wet weight, p〈0.05, at 36 weeks of age). Morphologically, no abnormal findings, such as hypertrophy or inflammatory changes in the pancreatic islets, were observed in NSY mice at any age. These data suggest that functional changes of insulin secretion in response to glucose from pancreatic beta cells may contribute to the development of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) in the NSY mouse. Although insulin sensitivity was not measured, fasting hyperinsulinaemia in NSY mice suggests that insulin resistance may also contribute to the pathogenesis of NIDDM. Since these findings are similar to the pathophysiologic features of human NIDDM patients, the NSY mouse is considered to be useful for investigating the pathogenesis and genetic predisposition to NIDDM.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00400717
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Erratum (1995)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 38 (1995), S. 1496-1496 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00400623
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The NSY mouse: a new animal model of spontaneous NIDDM with moderate obesity (1995)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 38 (1995), S. 503-508 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Key words NSY mouse ; non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus ; animal model ; insulin secretion ; isolated islets.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The NSY (Nagoya-Shibata-Yasuda) mouse was established as an inbred strain of mouse with spontaneous development of diabetes mellitus, by selective breeding for glucose intolerance from outbred Jcl:ICR mice. NSY mice spontaneously develop diabetes mellitus in an age-dependent manner. The cumulative incidence of diabetes is 98 % in males and 31 % in females at 48 weeks of age. Neither severe obesity nor extreme hyperinsulinaemia is observed at any age in these mice. Glucose-stimulated insulin secretion was markedly impaired in NSY mice after 24 weeks of age. In contrast, fasting plasma insulin level was higher in male NSY mice than that in male C3H/He mice (545 ± 73 vs 350 ± 40 pmol/l, p 〈 0.05, at 36 weeks of age). Pancreatic insulin content was higher in male NSY mice than that in male C3H/He mice (76 ± 8 vs 52 ± 5 ng/mg wet weight, p 〈 0.05, at 36 weeks of age). Morphologically, no abnormal findings, such as hypertrophy or inflammatory changes in the pancreatic islets, were observed in NSY mice at any age. These data suggest that functional changes of insulin secretion in response to glucose from pancreatic beta cells may contribute to the development of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) in the NSY mouse. Although insulin sensitivity was not measured, fasting hyperinsulinaemia in NSY mice suggests that insulin resistance may also contribute to the pathogenesis of NIDDM. Since these findings are similar to the pathophysiologic features of human NIDDM patients, the NSY mouse is considered to be useful for investigating the pathogenesis and genetic predisposition to NIDDM. [Diabetologia (1995) 38: 503–508]
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00400717
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biochemical basis for carbon monoxide tolerance and butanol production by Butyribacterium methylotrophicum (1999)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 51 (1999), S. 827-832 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract The biochemical mechanisms for growth tolerance to a 100% CO headspace in cultures, and butanol plus ethanol production from CO by Butyribacterium methylotrophicum were assessed in the wild-type and CO-adapted strains. The CO-adapted strain grew on glucose or CO under a 100% CO headspace, whereas, the growth of the wild-type strain was severely inhibited by 100% CO. The CO-adapted strain, unlike the wild-type, also produced butyrate, from either pyruvate or CO. The CO-adapted strain was a metabolic mutant having higher levels of ferredoxin–NAD oxidoreductase activity, which was not inhibited by NADH. Consequently, only the CO-adapted strain can grow on CO because CO oxidation generates reduced ferredoxin which, via the mutated ferredoxin–NAD reductase activity, forms reduced NADH required for catabolism. When the CO-adapted strain was grown at pH 6.0 it produced butanol (0.33 g/l) and ethanol (0.5 g/l) from CO and the cells contained the following NAD-linked enzyme activities (μmol min−1 mg protein−1): butyraldehyde dehydrogenase (227), butanol dehydrogenase (686), acetaldehyde dehydrogenase (82) and ethanol dehydrogenase (129).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002530051469
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cloning and characterization of a Schizophyllum gene with Aβ6 mating-type activity (1996)
    Springer
    Current genetics 29 (1996), S. 136-142 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: Key words Schizophyllum commune ; Mating type ; Homeodomain
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  The A-pathway of development in the basidiomycete fungus Schizophyllum commune may be activated by either of two mating-type loci, Aα and Aβ. Aα consists of two multiallelic genes, Y and Z. Y contains a putative homeodomain; Z contains a homeodomain-related region. Non-self combinations of Y and Z form heteromultimers which are thought to be transcription factors of developmental genes. To more completely understand A-regulated development it is necessary to address the issue of functional redundancy, i.e., how do two different mating loci, Aα and Aβ, both manage to regulate the same pathway. Here we report the structure of a gene with Aβ6 activity. This gene, denoted AβV6, encodes a deduced polypeptide of 640 amino-acids with a homeodomain motif. V6 also contains a 20-amino acid sequence that is conserved in Aα Y1, Y3 and Y4. Except for the homeodomain and the conserved sequence, the deduced V6 polypeptide shows no significant identity to AαY, AαZ, or other known proteins. The presence of a homeodomain suggests that V, like Y and Z, may be a regulatory protein for genes in the A-pathway. Thus while Aα and Aβ encode different proteins, the general mechanism by which Aα and Aβ components signal A-regulated development may be similar.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002940050028
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The growth of pinhole-free epitaxial DySi2−x films on atomically clean Si(111) (1998)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 84 (1998), S. 3630-3635 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The growth of pinhole-free epitaxial DySi2−x films on atomically clean Si(111) has been achieved by depositing a 2-nm-thick Dy layer onto Si(111) with a 1.5-nm-thick capping amorphous Si (a-Si) layer at room temperature followed by annealing at 700 °C in ultrahigh vacuum. The thickness of the a-Si was selected to be such that the consumption of Si atoms from the substrate is minimized by taking into account the formation of an amorphous interlayer at the Dy/Si(111) interface. Based on our experimental findings, a new mechanism for the formation of pinhole is proposed. The Stranski–Krastanov growth behavior of epitaxial DySi2−x on Si(111) by solid phase epitaxy leads to the apparently random formation of a high density of recessed regions at the initial stage of silicidation. Polycrystalline DySi2−x was found to be present at the areas inside and epitaxial DySi2−x outside the recessed regions. Large numbers of Si atoms from the substrate can therefore diffuse through the recessed regions. As a result, the depth and size of the recessed regions increase with annealing time. Finally, the DySi2−x thin layer inside the recessed regions with higher interface energy is thermally unstable and breaks apart to form pinholes. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.368538
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The determination of dominant diffusing species in the growth of amorphous interlayer between Gd and Si thin films by a Mo cluster marker experiment (1998)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 83 (1998), S. 7653-7657 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The dominant diffusing species in the formation of amorphous interlayer between Gd and Si thin films have been determined by a Mo cluster marker experiment. Multilayered metal thin films were deposited on (001) Si in an ultrahigh vacuum electron beam evaporator. The positions of the Mo cluster markers relative to the Si substrate, before and after heat treatment, were determined by transmission electron microscopy and energy dispersive x-ray as well as autocorrelation function analysis. The displacement of the Mo cluster markers in the amorphous interlayer during the Gd–Si interdiffusion indicates that Si atoms constitute the dominant diffusing species during the growth of the amorphous interlayer. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.367884
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Growth kinetics of amorphous interlayers by solid-state diffusion in ultrahigh vacuum deposited polycrystalline Gd thin films on (001)Si (1998)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 84 (1998), S. 6083-6087 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The growth kinetics of amorphous interlayer (a-interlayer) formed by solid-state diffusion in ultrahigh vacuum deposited polycrystalline Gd thin films on (001)Si have been investigated by cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy. The growth of the a-interlayer was found to follow a linear growth law initially. The growth then slows down and deviates from a linear growth law. The result clearly indicated that the growth at early stage is consistent with an interface-reaction-controlled growth model rather than diffusion limited. The activation energy of the linear growth and maximum thickness of the a-interlayer were measured to be about 0.37 eV and 6.6 nm, respectively. Following the growth of amorphous interlayer, epitaxial hexagonal GdSi2−x was found to form at the a-interlayer/(001)Si interface at 225 °C. The relatively small lattice mismatch between GdSi2−x and (001)Si compared to other RESi2−x (RE=rare-earth metal) and (001)Si systems facilitates the epitaxial growth of GdSi2−x on (001)Si, which in turn hampers the further growth of a-interlayer. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.368920
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of silver in Bi1.7Pb0.3Sr2−xAgxCa2Cu3Oy (1995)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 67 (1995), S. 545-547 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The oxide superconductor Bi1.7Pb0.3Sr2−xAgxCa2Cu3Oy has been synthesized under the ordinary pressure. The x-ray diffraction spectra of these specimens show the presence of only 2212 phase when x〈0.4, and the transition temperature achieved 99 K. With the x increase, the structure of sample transfers to 2223 phase. The investigation indicates that substitution of Sr2+ by Ag1+ increases the distance between layers. This may respond to Tc increase in 2212 phase and 2223 phase form at a relatively low temperature. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.115183
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    LIGAMENT-YIELD LOAD OF PLATES AND CYLINDERS WITH AN AXIAL SEMI-ELLIPTICAL FLAW (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 18 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The loads for yield of plates and cylinders with semi-elliptical surface flaws have been evaluated by a weight-function method incorporating stress intensity factors using results from finite element calculation. A new weight function for loads partially distributed along a chord is proposed. The yield load is defined as that at which the plastic zone first reaches the back surface. The results show that the effects of the cylinder geometry parameter t/R on yield load is small, and it is proposed that the plate results be used also for cylinders over the range of geometries 0 ≤t/R≤ 0.1.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1995.tb00903.x
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