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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thermodynamics of saturated lanthanide nitrate-water systems (1985)
    Springer
    Journal of solution chemistry 14 (1985), S. 473-484 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8927
    Keywords: Lanthanide nitrates ; hydrates ; solubilities ; activities ; solvation energies ; phase transitions ; congruent melting points ; specific solvation ; metastable equilibria ; tetrad effect ; double-double effect
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The thermodynamic properties of saturated aqueous lanthanide nitrate solutions were determined using recently published critically evaluated solubility and activity data. The variation of the thermodynamic functions and congruent melting points as a function of atomic number are interpreted in terms of changes in inner sphere coordination number in both the solid hexahydrates and in the aquo ions, and in terms of the double-double effect. Inconsistencies in experimental solubility data are generally caused by uncertainties in solid phase composition which is shown to be due to the very small Gibbs energies accompanying transitions from stable to metastable systems differing in the number of hydrating water molecules.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00646979
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Conductivities of 1∶1 salts in 2-cyanopyridine (1994)
    Springer
    Journal of solution chemistry 23 (1994), S. 579-593 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8927
    Keywords: 2-Cyanopyridine ; conductivities ; 1∶1 electrolytes ; dilute solutions ; single ion molar conductivities ; ion association ; mixed solvents ; acetonitrile ; concentrated solutions ; LiAsF6 ; high energy density lithium batteries
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Electrolytic conductivities of eight simple 1∶1 electrolytes have been measured in dilute solutions of 2-cyanopyridine (2CNP) at 30°. Infinite dilution mobilities and association constants were calculated using the Fuoss-Hsia equation. With the exception of LiCF3SO3 all salts show very little association, consistent with the very high dielectric constant of 2CNP. The weak association which does occur is attributed to weak ion-solvent interactions. No evidence was found for triple ion formation. Conductivities of concentrated solutions of LiAsF6 in 2CNP increase slowly with concentration reaching a maximum at a concentration of around 0.65 mol-dm−3. These conductances are slightly lower than those in propylene carbonate which has a lower dielectric constant and a higher viscosity. Conductivities of concentrated LiAsF6 solutions in 2CNP mixtures with acetonitrile vary monotonically, consistent with solution viscosities, and show no sign of the maximum commonly observed in mixed organic solvents.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00972746
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Conductance and ion association in dimethylsulfite (1986)
    Springer
    Journal of solution chemistry 15 (1986), S. 663-673 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8927
    Keywords: Conductivities ; Ion association ; 1∶1 electrolytes ; acetone ; dimethylsulfite
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The electrolytic conductances of LiClO4, LiAsF6, NaClO4 and the n-butylammonium salts Bu4NCl, Bu4NClO4, and Bu4NBPh4 (tetraphenylborate) have been determined in dimethylsufite at 25°C. Ion association constants calculated from these data are interpreted in terms of solvent-separated ion pairs (for LiClO4, LiAsF6, and NaClO4), and contact ion pairs (for the n-butyl-ammonium salts). Comparisons are made for analogous electrolytes in acetone, and in which all salts form contact ion pairs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00644598
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Conductance of 1:1 electrolytes in methyl formate (1987)
    Springer
    Journal of solution chemistry 16 (1987), S. 225-235 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8927
    Keywords: Conductivities ; 1:1 electrolytes ; methyl formate ; ion pairs ; triple ions ; ion solvation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The electrolytic conductivities of LiClO4, LiAlCl4, LiAsF6, NaClO4, NaBPh4, and Bu4NClO4 have been measured in methyl formate at 25°C. Evidence is presented for strong association between the perchlorate ion and the formyl proton of the solvent. Ion association and triple ion formation constants suggest that LiClO4, LiAlCl4, and NaClO4 form solvent separate ion pairs and triple ions. NaBPh4 forms contact ion pairs and triple ions, and the remaining salts appear to form both types of ion pairs and triple ions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00646988
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Conductance of 1∶1 electrolytes in methyl acetate (1989)
    Springer
    Journal of solution chemistry 18 (1989), S. 977-991 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8927
    Keywords: Conductivity ; 1∶1 electrolytes ; methyl acetate ; ion pairs ; triple ions ; ion solvation ; activity coefficients
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The electrolytic conductances of NaClO4, NaB(C6H5)4, (n-C4H9)4NClO4 and (n-C4H9)4NPF6 have been measured in methyl acetate at 25°C. A dominating feature of these electrolyte solutions is, as expected, strong ion pairing. In addition it is found that the formation of triple ions makes an important contribution to the overall molar conductivities. The data suggest that there are strong ion-solvent interactions leading to structure-enhanced (after Diamond) ion association and triple ion formation which has an exact analogy in the phenomena of salting-in. The effects of increasing solution permittivity and viscosity are discussed, particularly in regard to comparing two models of treating conductivity data. The first model includes ion pairs and triple ions, and the second model ignores triple ion formation ascribing the anomalous increase in molar conductivities to a decrease in the ion association equilibrium constant caused by increasing solution permittivity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00647897
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Relative risk of colorectal cancer after cholecystectomy (1988)
    Springer
    International journal of colorectal disease 3 (1988), S. 215-218 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1262
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The relative risk of developing colorectal cancer after cholecystectomy was assessed retrospectively in 493 patients with colorectal cancer (239 women, 254 men). The results were compared with a control group of patients matched for sex and age. The overall relative risk was 0.7 (90% confidence interval, 0.7–0.8). However, when the data were analysed for site significant differences were seen. In the caecum and ascending colon the relative risk of developing colorectal cancer after cholecystectomy was 2.8 (90% confidence interval, 1.0–9.4). In the rectum the relative risk was only 0.3 (90% confidence interval, 0.2–0.6) in both sexes. The results suggest a relative increased risk of developing right-sided colon cancer after cholecystectomy in women. However, they only partially support the hypothesis that prior cholecystectomy increases the relative risk of developing colorectal cancer in view of the data relating to the the rectum.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01660717
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic interactions of intensive cyclophosphamide, cisplatin, and BCNU in patients with breast cancer (1993)
    Springer
    Breast cancer research and treatment 26 (1993), S. S11 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7217
    Keywords: autologous hematopoietic cell support ; BCNU ; breast cancer ; carboplatin ; cisplatin ; cyclophosphamide
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Combinations of alkylating agents in intensive doses with autologous hematopoietic cell support (AHCS) are commonly used to treat advanced, solid tumors. Relatively little is known about the pharmacokinetic or pharmacodynamic aspects of their use. The cyclophosphamide, cisplatin, and BCNU (CPA/cDDP/BCNU) regimen is often used in patients with breast cancer. In these individuals, the blood levels of BCNU vary by more than tenfold. In rats given BCNU, the blood level variability is associated with cisplatin pretreatment, and mean levels are much higher than those that occur when cisplatin pretreatment is omitted. These observations suggest that a major elimination pathway for BCNU is metabolic and is subject to cisplatin disruption. Between 30–50% of patients receiving the CPA/cDDP/BCNU regimen experience a steroid-responsive pulmonary injury that can be fatal if untreated. Blood levels of BCNU are positively correlated with the risk of pulmonary injury in these patients. Others have demonstrated that blood levels of CPA can be inversely correlated with the likelihood of cardiac toxicity and 2-year, relapse-free survival in patients with breast cancer. Emerging data suggest that circulating drug levels, rather than the calculated dose, best explain the variability of outcome in patients treated with combination alkylating agents and AHCS.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00668355
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New strategies in marrow purging for breast cancer patients receiving high-dose chemotherapy with autologous bone marrow transplantation (1993)
    Springer
    Breast cancer research and treatment 26 (1993), S. S19 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7217
    Keywords: amifostine ; autologous bone marrow transplantation (ABMT) ; breast cancer ; 4-hydroperoxycyclophoshamide (4-HC) ; marrow purging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary High-dose chemotherapy and autologous bone marrow transplantation (ABMT) are commonly used to treat selected patients with high-risk breast cancer. A limitation of ABMT is that clonogenic cancer cells could be collected with the bone marrow and produce a relapse of disease when reinfused into patients. Purging the marrowex vivo may eliminate the tumor cells, but it can also delay engraftment. We employed two different purging methods whereby breast cancer cells were depleted without delaying engraftment. The addition of WR-2721 (amifostine) to 4-hydroperoxycyclophosphamide (4-HC) reduced the time to engraftment by 10 days compared with marrow purged with 4-HC alone (26 versus 37 days, respectively). The positive selection of CD34+ hematopoietic progenitors produced engraftment within 21 days. The use of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) accelerated the engraftment time of CD34+ hematopoietic progenitors to 11 days.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00668356
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Measurements ofn−p correlations in the reaction of relativistic neon with uranium (1986)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 323 (1986), S. 391-398 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Keywords: 25.70.Np
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract We report a preliminary measurement of coincident neutron-proton pairs emitted at 45° in the interaction of 400, 530, and 650 MeV/A neon beams incident on uranium. Charged particles were identified by time of flight and momentum, as determined in a magnetic spectrometer. Neutral particles were detected using a thick plastic scintillator, and their time of flight was measured between an entrance scintillator, triggered by a charged particle, and the neutron detector. The scatter plots and contour plots of neutron momentum vs. proton momentum appear to show a slight correlation ridge above an uncorrelated background. The projections of this plane on then-p momentum difference axis are essentially flat, showing a one standard deviation enhancement for each of the three beams energies. At each beam energy, the calculated momentum correlation function for the neutron-proton pairs is enhanced near zero neutron-proton momentum difference by approximately one standard deviation over the expected value for no correlation. This enhancement is expected to occur as a consequence of the attractive final state interaction between the neutron and proton (i.e., virtual or “singlet” deuterons). The implications of these measurements are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01313520
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