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  • 1
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Tetrapotassium biphosphidoberyllate, -biarsenidoberyllate, -biantimonidoberyllate ; crystal structure ; vibrational spectra ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: K4BeP2, K4BeAs2, and K4BeSb2 Compounds with Linear [BeX2]4- Anions (X = P, As, Sb)The title compounds are synthesized from the elements. K4BeP2 and K4BeAs2 are isostructural and crystallize trigonal rhombohedrally in the space group R3m (No. 166) with Z = 3. The partial structure of the potassium atoms corresponds to a closest packing of rotational ellipsoides, which envelope an elongated K14-polyhedron (combination of rhombohedron and hexagonal prism). The polyhedrons are filled with linear [BeX2]4- anions, which are the analoga to BeCl2 molecules. The bond lengths are: d(Be—P) = 198.2 pm and d(Be—As) = 206.0 pm. IR spectra confirm the presence of [Sb—Be—Sb]4- anionic groups in K4BeSb2, which crystallizes in the hexagonal system with Z = 2. The vibrational spectra of the compounds are measured. The assignment of the observed frequencies is based on the D∞h symmetry of an isolated [X—Be—X]4- unit.
    Notes: Die Titelverbindungen wurden aus den Elementen dargestellt. K4BeP2 und K4BeAs2 sind isotyp und kristallisieren trigonal-rhomboedrisch in der Raumgruppe R3m (Nr. 166) mit Z = 3. Die Teilstruktur der Kaliumatome entspricht einer dichtesten Packung von Rotationsellipsoiden, welche ein gestrecktes K14-Polyeder (Kombination von Rhomboeder und hexagonalem Prisma) einhüllen. Die Polyeder sind durch lineare [BeX2]4--Anionen aufgefüllt, Analoga des BeCl2-Moleküls. Die Bindungslängen sind d(Be—P) = 198,2 qm und d(Be—As) = 206,0 pm. IR-Spektren belegen die Existenz von [Sb—Be—Sb]4--Anionen auch in K4BeSb2, welches im hexagonalen System mit Z = 2 kristallisiert. Die Schwingungsspektren der Verbindungen wurden gemessen. Die Zuordnung der beobachteten Frequenzen basiert auf der D∞h-Symmetrie einer isolierten [X—Be—X]4--Einheit.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 124 (1991), S. 397-402 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Concave acid ; Macrocycle ; m-Terphenyl ; Benzoic acids ; Acidity ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Based on m-terphenyl units, concave benzoic acids 11a and 12a were prepared via the 2,6-diarylbenzoic acid 7a. Bromination of 7a with NBS gave 9, and cyclization of 9 with dithiols 10 led to the bimacrocyclic concave acids 11a and 12a. Their relative acidities were determined by photometric titrations in ethanol, and the three-dimensional structure of 11a was determined by X-ray analysis.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 3
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: π-Acceptor ; Charge-transfer complex ; 1,4-Benzoquinone diimine, N,N′-dicyan, 2,5-dimethyl- ; Tetrathiafulvalene ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Multi-Step Redox Systems, LV. - Crystal Structure of the CT Complex 2,5-Me2-DCNQI/TTF from N,N′-Dicyano-2,5-dimethyl-1,4-benzoquinone Diimine and Tetrathiafulvalene and of the Acceptor 2,5-Me2-DCNQIThe crystal structure of the title compound is described and discussed in terms of a neutral non-conducting mixed-stack CT complex. X-ray data for the acceptor 2,5-Me2-DCNQI are given for comparison.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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  • 4
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: 2,3-Dihydrofuran-2,3-diones ; Alkylidenebutenolides ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 2,3-Dioxo-2,3-dihydrofurans, 2. - Versatile Synthesis of 2,3-Dioxo-2,3-dihydrofurans and Alkylidenebutenolides. - Crystal and Molecular Structure of 5-(4-Chlorophenyl)-4-methoxycarbonyl-2,3-dioxo-2,3-dihydrofuranReaction of the 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds 5a - f, containing at least one α-hydrogen atom in R1 and/or R2, with oxalyl halides 2 in the presence of magnesium chloride yields regioand on the whole stereospecifically the previously unknown (Z)-alkylidenebutenolides 7a - f. Similarly, the 4-alkoxycarbonyl-5-aryl-2,3-dioxo-2,3-dihydrofurans 6g - p are obtained (X-ray structure of 61) starting from 3-aryl-3-oxo-propanoates 5g - p. Correspondingly, malondiamides 8a, b, e, f react with oxalyl chloride (2a) to give the 2,3-dioxo-2,3-dihydrofurans 9a,b and 11a,b. Having mono(alkyl/aryl)amino substituents in position 5, compounds 11a,b spontaneously tautomerize to give imino enols 12a,b. Hydrochlorides 10a,b are formed on treatment of malondiamides 8c,d with oxalyl chloride (2a). In the case of the β-oxocarboxamides 13/14 the substituents at the amide nitrogen atom control the regiochemistry. Starting from 13 (R2 = Ph) and oxalyl chloride (2a), 4-acetyl-5-diphenylamino-2,3-dioxo-2,3-dihydrofuran (15) is formed regiospecifically, whereas under the same conditions 13/14 (R2 = CH2Ph) afford 4-dibenzylcarbamoyl-5-methyl/phenyl-2,3-dioxo-2,3-dihydrofurans 16/17. Furanone 16 spontaneously enolizes to give 4-dibenzylcarbamoyl-3-hydroxy-5-methylene-2(5H]-furanone (18). Similarly, the N-monosubstituted β-oxocarboxamides 19a,b readily react regiospecifically with oxalyl chloride (2a) to give via the 2,3-dioxo-2,3-dihydrofurans 20a,b the imino enols 21a,b.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 126 (1993), S. 1047-1060 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Bicyclo[3.3.1]nonane, derivatives of ; 2-Oxatwistane, derivative of ; 2-Oxatricyclo[4.4.0.03,8]decane, derivative of ; Phenyllithium-cerium(III) chloride reagent ; 1,2-Addition to carbonyl groups ; Transannular reaction ; Dipotassium tetraphenylbicyclo[3.3.1]nonadienediide by deprotonation with butylpotassium ; Barbaralane, 2,4,6,8-tetraphenyl-, by oxidation of dipotassium tetraphenylbicyclo[3.3.1]nonadienediide with 1,2-dibromo-ethane ; Thermochromism ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 2,4,6,8-Tetraphenylbarbaralane - an Orange-Red, Thermochromic Hydrocarbon Devoid of a Chromophore[1,2]The diphenylbicyclo[3.3.1]nonanedione 6 adds phenylcerium-(III) dichloride to afford a high yield of the triphenyl-2-oxa-twistanol 8. In contrast, phenyllithium yields a mixture of tri-phenylhydroxyketone exo-7, tetraphenylbicyclo[3.3.1]nona-nediol 9, and 8. The latter is dehydrated by sulfuric acid in acetic acid to produce the triphenylbicyclo[3.3.1]nonenone 10 in almost quantitative yield. Addition of phenylcerium(III) dichloride to 10 affords a 3:2 mixture of the tetraphenylbicy-clo[3.3.1]nonenols exo- and endo-11 which may be separated by chromatography. Dehydration of the mixture yields quantitatively the tetraphenyldiene 12. On treatment with an excess of butylpotassium in pentane, 12 is converted to the deep violet, crystalline dipotassium salt 17 which may be purified by reprecipitation from its tetrahydrofuran solution with pentane. When the solution of 17 in tetrahydrofuran is slowly added to an excess of 1,2-dibromoethane at -60°C, the dianion is immediately oxidized to produce the tetraphenylbarbara-lane 4 which is isolated in 30% yield as orange-red crystals after chromatography. - The structures of the new compounds are based on spectroscopic evidence and X-ray diffraction analyses of 4, 8, exo-11, and 12. The conformations in solution are inferred on the basis of vicinal proton coupling constants and a comparison with coupling constants calculated with the aid of the Karplus equation from torsional angles obtained by X-ray diffraction analyses. The conformation of exo-11 in solution closely resembles that present in the crystal. - While the barbaralane 4 exists as a pair of very rapidly rearranging degenerate valence tautomers in solution, the degeneracy is lifted in the crystal lattice. As a result, the crystal consists of two rapidly rearranging but non-equivalent valence tautomers in a ratio of 9:1 as estimated from the apparent atomic distance C2-C8 of 4 and the C2-C8 bond length of the model barbaralane 18. - The orange-red colour of 4 in the crystal and in solution results from a pronounced shoulder in the UV/Vis spectrum at 430 nm, the intensity of which strongly depends on the temperature. Thus, 4 is the first barbaralane which exhibits colour though it is lacking a classical long-wavelength chromophore.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
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  • 6
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Semibullvalenes ; [n.3.3] Propellanes, derivatives of ; Vinyl sulphides and sulphones ; Bromination, allylic ; Debromination ; Zinc-copper couple ; Cope rearrangement in the solid state ; Valence tautomers, non-equivalent ; Equilibrium constants from atomic distances ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The bicyclo[3.3.0]octanediones 4 and 9a, b and the [n.3.3]-propellanediones 9c, d, f, h react with thiophenol in the presence of titanium(IV) chloride and triethylamine to afford high yields of the vinyl sulphides 5 and mixtures of the vinyl sulphides 10/11. Sodium perborate oxidizes the vinyl sulphides 5 and 10/11 to the corresponding vinyl sulphones 6 and 12/13. N-Bromosuccinimide converts 6 into the dibromodisulfones 7. The exo,exo configuration of 7b is established by X-ray crystallography. The mixtures of disulphones 12/13 are brominated by N-bromosuccinimide to yield complex mixtures of uncharacterized dibromodisulphones 14. Debromination of the dibromodisulphones 7, and the mixtures of 14 as well, by the zinc-copper couple results in the formation of crystalline semibullvalenes 8 and 15 in moderate to high yields. - X-ray diffraction analyses of 8a, b and 15a-d reveal large variations of the apparent atomic distances in the cyclopropane rings (C2-C8) and at the open ends of the molecules (C4…C6). This result is interpreted in terms of equilibrating, non-degenerate valence tautomers resulting in averaged atomic distances. The equilibrium constants are calculated from the atomic distances on the basis of a limiting value of 157.8 pm for the C2-C8 bonds of the non-rearranging valence tautomers. The results are compared to those obtained from X-ray diffraction analyses of other substituted semibullvalenes. The lifting of the degeneracy of semibullvalenes in the solid state is attributed to subtle intermolecular interactions.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 7
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Charge-transfer complexes ; Electric conductivity ; Segregated stacking ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Conducting Charge-Transfer Complexes of 2,5-Bis(cyanoimino)-2,5-dihydrothieno[3,2-b]thiophenes with Organic DonorsFrom the title compound 4 and several donors 13 charge-transfer (CT) complexes have been obtained. Most of them show powder conductivities of 0.01-2.0 Scm-1. The crystal structure of 4d/TTF (20 Scm-1) reveals segregated stacks of donor and acceptor molecules in a novel stacking pattern. The structure of 4d/TMTSF consists of mixed stacks (insulator), however a second phase (no structure available) exhibits very high conductivity (200 Scm-1).
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
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  • 8
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: C-C Bond homolysis ; Thermolysis ; Kinetics ; Radical stabilisation ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Substituent Effects on the C-C Bond Strength, 12[1].-Thermolysis of Aromatic Pinacol Dimethyl Ethers and Stabilisation Energies of α-Methoxybenzyl Radicals[2]The phenyl-substituted pinacol dimethyl ethers meso- and DL- 5a-d have been prepared by reductive dimerisation of the dimethyl acetals 7a-d of the ketones 8a-d. 1H-NMR spectra and GC-retention times are used to distinguish between the diastereomers, and an X-ray structure analysis of meso-5a confirms these distinctive criteria. The products and the kinetics of the thermolysis reaction of 5a-d have been studied. A linear correlation between ΔG+ (300°C) of thermolysis and strain enthalpies Hs of 5, or its release Ds during the dissoziation into radicals 6, is observed. These correlations do not differ from those of the thermolysis of tetraalkyl-diphenylethanes (1, R=alkyl, S=phenyl)[3,20a]. Hence, the methoxy group does not influence the homolysis reaction of the C-C bond in 5compared to an alkyl group. It is concluded that any stabilisation of the radicals 6 by the alkoxy group[1] is canceled by an extra stabilisation of 5 by the geminal phenyl/methoxy pairs.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 9
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: 6H-1,3,4-Oxadiazin-6-ones ; 1,2-Bismethylenecyclohexane ; Diels-Alder reactions ; [1,3,4]Oxadiazino[4,5-b]isoquinolin-1-one derivatives ; Bicyclo[2.1.1]hexan-5-one, highly substituted ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Cycloadditions of 6H-1,3,4-Oxadiazin-6-ones (4,5-Diaza-α-pyrones), 13[1].-Diels-Alder Reactions with 6H-1,3,4-Oxadiazin-6-ones as Dienophile2,5-Diphenyl-1,3,4-oxadiazin-6-one (1b) reacted as dienophile with 2,3-dimethyl-1,3-butadiene to afford the pyridooxadiazinone 5. Analogously, the oxadiazinoisoquinolines 7c- e were formed on treatment of 2-(4-nitrophenyl)- (1c), 2-(4-tolyl)- (1d), and 2-(4-bromophenyl)-5-phenyloxadiazinone (1e) with 1,2-bis(methylene)cyclohexane (6). In contrast, the methyl oxophenyloxadiazinecarboxylate 1a gave a low yield of the cyclopentenone derivative 8 and 7a in the ratio 2.3:1.0. A third type of product, i.e. the cyclobutanone derivative 9, resulted on exposure of the anisyl(isopropyl)oxadiazinone 1f to 6. The oxadiazinones 1d, e, f have been prepared for the first time. X-ray structure analyses established the identity of the compounds 7d and 9.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 10
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Osmium(II) complexes ; Alkyl(carbonyl)hydrido complexes ; Allylhydrido complexes ; Fragmentation, metal-initiated ; C—H Activation ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Studies on C—H Activation, X.  -  Synthesis of Alkyl(carbonyl)hydrido- and Allylhydridoosmium Complexes by Metal-initiated Fragmentation of Primary Alcohols and OlefinsHerrn Professor Dr. E. Lindner zum 60. Geburtstag gewidmet.The reaction of [(Mes)OsCl2]n (1) with RCH2OH/NaOH in the presence of propene leads to complete fragmentation of the primary alcohol and formation of the alkyl(carbonyl)hydrido complexes [(Mes)OsH(R)(CO)] (2-7). The corresponding chloro derivatives [(Mes)OsC1(R)(CO)] (8-13) are obtained either by H/C1 exchange from 2-7 and CC14 or on treatment of [(Mes)OsR2(CO)] (16-21) with HC1 at -78°C. The carbonylosmium(II) compound [(Mes)Os(CO)C12] (15) reacts with iC4H9MgI to give a mixture of [(Mes)Os(iC4H9)2(CO)] (21), [(Mes)OsI(iC4H9)(CO)] (22), and [(Mes)Os(CO)I2] (23), whereas the reaction of 15 with C6H11CH2MgBr yields [(Mes)Os(CH2C6H11)2(CO)] (24), the olefin complex [(Mes)Os(CH2=C6H10)(CO)] (25), and [(Mes)OsH(Br)(CO)] (26). The alkylhydridoosmium(II) compound [(Mes)OsH(CH2C6H11)(CO)] (28) is obtained from the chloro derivative 27 and Mg/Hg/C2H5OH. Treatment of 1 with iC3H7OH/NaOH and propene or isobutene affords the η3-allylhydrido complexes [(Mes)OsH(η3-2-RC3H4)] (31, 32) in about 85% yield, while the reaction of 1 with iC3H7OH/NaOH and tert-butylethene gives [(Mes)Os(CH2=CHtC4H9)2] (35). The X-ray structural analysis of [(Mes)OsH(η3-2-CH3C3H4)] (34), which like the corresponding η3-allylchloro compound 33 is formed from the η3-allylhydrido complex 31 or 32 and CC14, reveals a half sandwich-type structure with an exo arrangement of the methallyl ligand.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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